Abstract:
The apparatus and methods described herein enable an operator to simultaneously collect images and spectroscopic information from a region(s) of interest using a multiple modality imaging and/or spectroscopic probe, configured as a catheter, endoscope, microscope, or hand held probe. The device may incorporate, for example, an ultrasonic transducer and a fiber optic probe to translate images and spectra. The apparatus and methods may be used in any suitable cavity, for example, the vascular system of a mammal.
Abstract:
An optical signal measurement system [1200] provides [1202] a tunable optical filter [402]. An unknown optical signal [628] is scanned [1204] through the tunable optical filter [402]. The wavelength and chromatic dispersion values of the unknown optical signal [628] scanned through the tunable optical filter [402] are measured [1206] by operating the tunable optical filter [402] in a scanning mode for at least one of OSA and PMD measurements, and in a stepping mode for CD measurements. The wavelength and the dispersion values in the unknown optical signal [628] are specified [1208].
Abstract:
An infrared spectral system (10) for identifying target mineral grain particles within a group of mineral grains (12) is disclosed. In an example embodiment, the system (10) comprises a conveyor belt (20) for carrying the group of mineral grains (12), at least one infrared excitation module (16) that includes means (40) for providing infrared radiation to the group of mineral grains (12) on the conveyor belt (20), at least one infrared collection module (32) for collecting the reflected infrared radiation from the group of mineral grains (12) on the conveyor belt (20), processing means (72) for determining the location of target mineral grain particles on the conveyor belt (20), and target particle extraction means for picking the target particles based on the processing means' determined location of target particles. In an example embodiment, the means (40) for providing infrared radiation to the particles on the conveyor belt includes a heater element (46) located within a heater holder (42). In a second example embodiment, particles are presented as a batch to a spectral imaging system (100), and target particles are picked by a robotic system.
Abstract:
A spectrometer comprising a collimating element for receiving input light and collimating the same, a dispersive optical element receiving light from the collimating element and dispersing the same and a focusing element for receiving light from the dispersive optical element and focusing the same a detector assembly wherein, where the wavelength dispersion of the dispersed light extends in the x-y direction, the collimating element and the focusing element are formed so as maintain the desired optical parameters the x-y plane while having a reduced size in z direction.
Abstract:
Methods of treating, preventing and/or managing macular degeneration are disclosed. Specific embodiments encompass the administration of a selective cytokine inhibitory drug, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, stereoisomer, clathrate, or prodrug thereof, alone or in combination with a second active agent and/or surgery. Pharmaceutical compositions, single unit dosage forms, and kits suitable for use in methods of the invention are also disclosed.
Abstract:
One aspect of the invention is a spectrophotometer detection circuit (189, 934, 1031). In this aspect of the invention, currents attributable to reference and sample beams are cancelled in the current mode. The detection circuit produces a first voltage proportional to the difference in currents and a second voltage proportional to one of the reference or sample beams. Both voltages are available to allow simultaneous measurement and analysis. Another aspect of the invention concerns thermal stability. According to the invention, thermal conductivity is established among the housing (112, 900, 1000) and optical system components to promote equilibrium. Another preferred embodiment has a unitary solid metal housing (900, 1000) with a hollowed portion (900a, 1000a) defined to mount and place optical system components. Recognition and identification of important noise sources in spectrophotometers forms an aspect of the invention contributing to the features and combinations of features in preferred embodiments.
Abstract:
A diffraction grating for optical communication is disclosed. The diffraction grating includes a substrate and a reflective material adjacent the substrate, wherein one or more input optical signals incident the reflective material is diffracted into one or more output optical signals over a wavelength range of at least approximately 30nm, within which the diffraction grating is substantially polarization insensitive.
Abstract:
A wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) including a support structure that is coupled to at least one optical component. A diffraction grating is optically coupled to at least one optical component coupled to the at least one optical component. A frame is coupled to the diffraction grating. Pins may be coupled between the support structure and the frame to substantially thermally isolate the support structure from the frame. The pins may be substantially geometrically equally spaced and have approximately the same exposed length extending from the lens barrel. The pins may have the same coefficient of thermal expansion as the support structure.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an apparatus and processes for optical measurement and detection with real-time closed-loop controls, which enable higher levels of performance. The invention is especially suitable for applications such as spectroscopy; microscopy; biochemical assays; processes and reactions on miniaturized formats (such as those involving micro-/nano-plates, micro-formats & micro-arrays, chemistry-on-chip, lab-on-chip, micro-channels and micro-fluidics, where dimensions are on micron scale and columes are in the sub-nanoliter range). Such "intelligent sensing" allows higher data quality and reliability, higher measurement and analysis throughput and lower cost. The invention uses fast real-time adaptive digital signal processing and controls directly at the point where data is sensed. Through real-time adaptive control of sensors, chemical/opto-mechanical/opto-electronic processes and other components during the measurement process, consistently higher quality results and higher reliability are achieved. This invention furthermore includes an improved image sensor architecture that enables very intra-array dynamic range at fast frame rates and low noise performance.
Abstract:
A wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer (WDM) for use in an optical network and in an optical performance monitor that minimizes increases in insertion losses over temperature variations. The WDM has a structure for holding at least one optical component. A diffraction grating assembly having a substrate is held in relation to the at least one optical component by the structure. A lens assembly having a focal length is held in relation to the at least one optical component. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the lens assembly and structure are approximately equal. The lens assembly is constructed from a material chosen to minimize its variance in focal length over temperature. The grating assembly has an angular dispersion that changes with temperature and the product of the focal length and angular dispersion remains constant over temperature. The WDM further comprises a prism having a change in index of refraction with temperature that is approximately equal to a negative of a coefficient of thermal expansion of the substrate. The substrate has a coefficient of thermal expansion approximately equal to a negative of a coefficient of thermal expansion of air.