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    Process for the preparation of aryloxyacetic acid
    351.
    发明授权
    Process for the preparation of aryloxyacetic acid 失效
    制备芳氧基乙酸的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4238625A

    公开(公告)日：1980-12-09

    申请号：US092783

    申请日：1979-11-08

    Applicant: Helmut Fiege ,  Karlfried Wedemeyer

    Inventor： Helmut Fiege ,  Karlfried Wedemeyer

    IPC: C07C59/125 ,  B01J23/00 ,  B01J27/00 ,  B01J31/00 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07C51/00 ,  C07C51/235 ,  C07C51/255 ,  C07C59/70 ,  C07C65/21 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C205/37 ,  C07C51/16

    CPC classification number: C07C51/255 ,  C07C51/235

    Abstract: In a process for the preparation of an aryloxyacetic acid by oxidation of aryloxyethanol of the formula ##STR1## wherein m represents 1 or 2,n represents the numeral which results from the difference (6-m) andR either individually or independently of one another represent hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, aryloxy, hydroxyl, halogen, alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, carboxyl or nitro, or represent a benzene ring or cycloalkane ring fused to the phenyl ring,with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas in an aqueous alkaline medium at a temperature from 0.degree. C. to the boiling point of the reaction mixture in the presence of platinum metals and/or palladium metals containing catalyst, the improvement which comprises carrying out the oxidation in the additional presence of an activator of lead and/or bismuth and/or a compound thereof and optionally in the additional presence of Cadmium and/or its compounds.

    Abstract translation: 在通过氧化式（I）的芳氧基乙醇制备芳氧基乙酸的方法中，其中m表示1或2，n表示由差异（6-m）和R单独或独立地产生的数字 代表氢，烷基，环烷基，芳基，芳烷基，烷氧基，环烷氧基，芳氧基，羟基，卤素，烷基羰基，芳基羰基，羧基或硝基，或代表与苯环稠合的苯环或环烷烃环， 含氧气体在含水碱性介质中，在铂金属和/或含钯金属的催化剂存在下，在0℃至该反应混合物的沸点的温度下，其改进包括在额外的 铅和/或铋和/或其化合物的活化剂的存在，并且任选地在镉和/或其化合物的另外存在下。

    Nitrosation of aromatic compounds
    352.
    发明授权
    Nitrosation of aromatic compounds 失效
    芳香族化合物的亚硝化

    公开(公告)号：US4232175A

    公开(公告)日：1980-11-04

    申请号：US858508

    申请日：1977-12-08

    Applicant: William E. Smith ,  Thomas W. McGee

    Inventor： William E. Smith ,  Thomas W. McGee

    IPC: C07C201/00 ,  C07C207/04 ,  C07C79/24

    CPC classification number: C07C201/00

    Abstract: Aromatic compounds in an acidic, aqueous solution can be economically nitrosated by treatment with the hydration products of oxides of nitrogen at a temperature in the range of -15.degree. C. to 10.degree. C. The oxides of nitrogen are generated as a gas from a separate solution or slurry by the reaction of an alkali metal nitrate with a strong mineral acid at a temperature in the range of 15.degree. C. to 35.degree. C. This method of nitrosation employs relatively inexpensive reagents, but can be carried on continuously and produces unexpectedly high yield of para-nitrosated product from a monosubstituted starting material.

    Abstract translation: 酸性水溶液中的芳族化合物可以通过在-15℃至10℃的温度范围内用氮氧化物的水化产物处理而经济地亚硝化。氮气的氧化物是从 通过碱金属硝酸盐与强无机酸在15℃至35℃的温度下反应而分离的溶液或浆料。该亚硝化方法使用相对便宜的试剂，但可以连续进行并产生 从单取代的原料出人意料地高产率的对硝基化产物。

    Hindered phenolic nitro compounds as antioxidants
    354.
    发明授权
    Hindered phenolic nitro compounds as antioxidants 失效
    受阻酚硝基化合物作为抗氧化剂

    公开(公告)号：US4153597A

    公开(公告)日：1979-05-08

    申请号：US919011

    申请日：1978-06-26

    Applicant: Edward L. Wheeler ,  Elmar H. Jancis

    Inventor： Edward L. Wheeler ,  Elmar H. Jancis

    IPC: C08K5/00 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C205/40 ,  C08K5/32 ,  C08L7/00 ,  C08L21/00 ,  C08L23/00 ,  C08L51/00 ,  C08L51/02 ,  C08L101/00 ,  C09K15/08 ,  C09K15/24 ,  C07C79/18

    CPC classification number: C09K15/24 ,  C08K5/32

    Abstract: A stabilizer suitable for use to protect organic materials into which it is soluble or miscible against oxidative degradation having the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are lower alkyl or a radical of the structure ##STR2## wherein "x" represents a tertiary butyl radical.

    Abstract translation: {PG，1 A稳定剂，适用于保护其可溶解或可溶于氧化降解的有机材料，具有通式{r1 {tc，1 {rb HO {M，1 {AB，1111 {MR，1 {AB ，7777 {MR，1 {US，5 {BN，4 {RD，11447799CCFF / 135 {A，2 {BN，DDD {A，6 {BN，BBB {A，4 {BN，4 {SD，5 {S ，5CH {HD 2 {L CH {HD 2 {AB，4 {M，1 {AD，8 O {MR，1 C {AB，4 OCH {HD 2 {L {M，1 {AB， HD 1 {MR，1 {AB，8 R {HD 2 {MR，1C（AB，4NO {HD 2 {RE，{PS {PS，其中R {HD 1 {L和R {HD 2 {L是低级烷基 或结构{r1 {tc，1 {rb {ab，4CH {HD 2 {AB，4 O {AB，4 {M，1 {AD，8 O {MR，1C（AB，4CH {HD 2 {L CH {HD 2 {US，5 {BN，4 {RD，11447799CCFF / 135 {A，3 {BN，333 {A，5 {BN，555 {A，4 {BN， 5 {S，5 {M，1 {AB，FFFF {MR，1 {AB，9999 {MR，1 OH {RE {PS {PS其中{37×{38 {0表示叔丁基。

    Process for preparing the threo- and erythro-isomers of 1-phenyl-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol
    356.
    发明授权
    Process for preparing the threo- and erythro-isomers of 1-phenyl-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol 失效
    制备1-苯基-2-硝基-1,3-丙二醇的苏式和异构体的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4123615A

    公开(公告)日：1978-10-31

    申请号：US771369

    申请日：1977-02-23

    Applicant: Laszlo Levai ,  Gyula Mikite

    Inventor： Laszlo Levai ,  Gyula Mikite

    IPC: C07B61/00 ,  B01J23/00 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C201/16 ,  C07C205/14 ,  C07C205/16 ,  C07C76/02

    CPC classification number: C07C201/12 ,  C07C201/16

    Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process for producing the threo- and erythro-isomers of 1-phenyl-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol through the aldol-type alkaline condensation of benzaldehyde and nitroethanol, wherein the reaction mixture is acidified and, if desired, the isomers are separated from the obtained isomer mixture and the obtained isomers are transformed into each other through epimerization, characterized in that the condensation and, if desired, also the epimerization are carried out in the presence of catalytical amounts of an alkaline hydroxide.The process according to the invention makes it possible to produce 1-phenyl-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol, an intermediate of the antibiotic chloramphenicol, in high yields, and in an extremely advantageous way which can be carried out simply and economically even on an industrial scale.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种通过苯甲醛和硝基乙醇的醛醇型碱性缩合生产1-苯基-2-硝基-1,3-丙二醇的苏 - 和红 - 异构体的新方法，其中反应混合物被酸化， 如果需要，将异构体与获得的异构体混合物分离，所得异构体通过差向异构体彼此转化，其特征在于缩合反应，如果需要，还可以在催化量的碱性氢氧化物存在下进行差向异构化 。

    Process for nitrating toluene
    357.
    发明授权
    Process for nitrating toluene 失效
    硝化甲苯的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4112006A

    公开(公告)日：1978-09-05

    申请号：US816213

    申请日：1977-07-15

    Applicant: Hans Schubert ,  Friedrich Wunder

    Inventor： Hans Schubert ,  Friedrich Wunder

    IPC: C07B61/00 ,  B01J27/00 ,  B01J37/02 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C79/10

    CPC classification number: B01J37/0201 ,  C07C201/08

    Abstract: Toluene is nitrated with nitric acid in the gaseous phase under reduced pressure and at temperatures from about 80.degree. - 180.degree. C, while using an acidic inorganic catalyst consisting of a carrier substance based on SiO.sub.2 and/or Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 impregnated with a high boiling inorganic acid such as H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 or H.sub.3 PO.sub.4 and optionally with metal salts of such acids. This process yields essentially p-nitrotoluene, in addition to a smaller quantity of o-nitrotoluene and a very small amount of m-isomer. The technology of the process is simple and provides good yields. The nitrotoluenes, especially the p,nitrotoluene are interesting intermediates, for example for the manufacture of dyestuffs.

    Abstract translation: 甲苯在减压下和在约80-180℃的温度下在气相中用硝酸硝化，同时使用由基于SiO 2的载体物质和/或用高沸点无机酸浸渍的Al 2 O 3组成的酸性无机催化剂 例如H 2 SO 4或H 3 PO 4，并且任选地与这些酸的金属盐反应。 除了较少量的邻硝基甲苯和非常少量的m-异构体之外，该方法基本上产生对硝基甲苯。 该工艺的技术简单，产量高。 硝基甲苯，特别是对硝基甲苯是有趣的中间体，例如用于制造染料。

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