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公开(公告)号:WO00046325A1
公开(公告)日:2000-08-10
申请号:PCT/US2000/002453
申请日:2000-02-01
IPC: C10M105/14 , C10M105/18 , C10M105/74 , C10M105/78 , C10M125/20 , C10M129/10 , C10M133/08 , C10M133/38 , C10M133/44 , C10M169/04 , C10N30/08 , C10N30/10 , C10N30/12 , C10N40/04 , C10N40/08 , C10N40/20 , C10N40/30
CPC classification number: C10M169/04 , C10M105/78 , C10M107/34 , C10M133/44 , C10M2201/08 , C10M2201/081 , C10M2201/082 , C10M2201/084 , C10M2207/022 , C10M2207/023 , C10M2209/1033 , C10M2209/104 , C10M2209/1045 , C10M2209/1055 , C10M2209/1065 , C10M2209/1075 , C10M2209/1085 , C10M2209/1095 , C10M2215/22 , C10M2215/221 , C10M2215/223 , C10M2215/225 , C10M2215/226 , C10M2215/30 , C10M2223/04 , C10M2223/041 , C10M2223/042 , C10M2227/061 , C10M2227/0615 , C10M2227/0625 , C10N2240/08
Abstract: Functional fluids comprising as a base oil at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a glycol, a glycol ether, an ester, a hydrocarbon, and mixtures thereof and as a multifunctional additive composition the mixture of a benzotriazole, a derivative thereof or mixtures thereof together with 1,2,4-triazole, a derivative thereof or mixtures thereof. The functional fluids exhibit increased resistance to corrosion and reduced sediment formation and are especially useful as brake fluids.
Abstract translation: 包含作为基础油的至少一种选自二醇,二醇醚,酯,烃及其混合物的化合物的功能流体,作为多功能添加剂组合物,可以将苯并三唑,其衍生物或其混合物 与1,2,4-三唑,其衍生物或其混合物。 功能性液体表现出增加的耐腐蚀性和减少的沉积物形成,并且特别用作制动液。
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公开(公告)号:WO99021944A1
公开(公告)日:1999-05-06
申请号:PCT/JP1998/000105
申请日:1998-01-14
IPC: C10M173/00 , C10M173/02
CPC classification number: C10M173/00 , C10M125/10 , C10M125/18 , C10M125/26 , C10M129/08 , C10M173/02 , C10M2201/02 , C10M2201/062 , C10M2201/063 , C10M2201/08 , C10M2201/081 , C10M2201/082 , C10M2201/084 , C10M2201/087 , C10M2201/10 , C10M2201/102 , C10M2201/105 , C10M2207/022 , C10M2207/023 , C10N2210/01 , C10N2230/12 , C10N2240/401 , C10N2240/402 , C10N2240/403 , C10N2240/404 , C10N2240/405 , C10N2240/406 , C10N2240/407 , C10N2240/408 , C10N2240/409 , C10N2250/02
Abstract: A metal working water or composition which has excellent cooling capability and lubricity and does not adversely affect the environment. Water containing at least one member selected from among a fluoride ion, a hydrogencarbonate ion and silicon, and a sodium ion and having a pH regulated to 6.0 to 10 is used as such as a metal working water. Alternatively, an additive, such as a rust preventive, is incorporated into the metal working water to prepare a composition which is then used as an alternative to a cutting oil.
Abstract translation: 具有优异的冷却能力和润滑性并且不会对环境产生不利影响的金属加工水或组合物。 使用含有选自氟离子,碳酸氢根离子,硅和钠离子中的至少一种,pH调节为6.0〜10的水作为金属加工水。 或者,将诸如防锈剂的添加剂引入到金属加工水中以制备组合物,然后将其用作切削油的替代物。
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公开(公告)号:WO99003955A1
公开(公告)日:1999-01-28
申请号:PCT/US1998/014753
申请日:1998-07-21
IPC: C10M109/00 , C10M169/04 , C10M173/02 , C10M159/02
CPC classification number: C10M109/00 , C10M125/04 , C10M125/22 , C10M129/06 , C10M129/08 , C10M129/22 , C10M129/32 , C10M129/36 , C10M133/06 , C10M169/04 , C10M173/02 , C10M2201/00 , C10M2201/02 , C10M2201/05 , C10M2201/061 , C10M2201/065 , C10M2201/066 , C10M2201/08 , C10M2201/081 , C10M2201/082 , C10M2201/084 , C10M2201/16 , C10M2201/18 , C10M2205/183 , C10M2207/00 , C10M2207/021 , C10M2207/022 , C10M2207/023 , C10M2207/044 , C10M2207/06 , C10M2207/121 , C10M2207/122 , C10M2207/123 , C10M2207/124 , C10M2207/129 , C10M2207/22 , C10M2207/40 , C10M2207/404 , C10M2209/12 , C10M2215/02 , C10M2215/04 , C10M2215/202 , C10M2215/26 , C10M2217/044 , C10M2217/045 , C10N2210/01 , C10N2240/00 , C10N2240/22 , C10N2240/30 , C10N2240/401 , C10N2240/50 , C10N2240/52 , C10N2240/54 , C10N2240/56 , C10N2240/58 , C10N2240/60 , C10N2240/66 , C10N2250/02
Abstract: Mucilages and mucilage extracts are disclosed that are effective as water-soluble, non-toxic, biodegradable, environmentally benign lubricants and/or coolants for a variety of industrial and machining purposes. One embodiment of the invention is a cooling and/or lubricating composition comprising sufficient amount of the mucilage to cool and/or lubricate a machining surface. Other embodiments further comprise a sufficient amount of a preservative to substantially inhibit degradation of the composition. Also encompassed within the scope of this invention are methods for making mucilage-comprising cooling and/or lubricating compositions, as well as concentrating and drying such compositions. Other aspects of this invention are methods for machining a surface, comprising extracting a mucilages, adding a sufficient amount of a preservative to substantially inhibit degradation of the mucilage to form a mucilage mixture, applying the mucilage mixture to a surface to be machined, and thereafter machining the surface. In another aspect, the invention provides methods for lubricating and/or cooling a machining surface comprising extracting a mucilage, adding a sufficient amount of a preservative to substantially inhibit degradation of the mucilage to form a mucilage mixture, and applying the mucilage mixture to the machining surface to act as a lubricant and/or coolant. A further aspect of this invention is the use of plant mucilage to coat the outer hull of watercraft, thereby reducing friction and drag, and increasing the speed of the craft. Optionally, such a composition may further comprise a cream wax.
Abstract translation: 公开了作为水溶性,无毒,可生物降解,环境友好的润滑剂和/或冷却剂用于各种工业和加工目的的有机溶剂和粘液提取物。 本发明的一个实施方案是包含足够量的粘液以冷却和/或润滑加工表面的冷却和/或润滑组合物。 其他实施方案还包含足够量的防腐剂以基本上抑制组合物的降解。 在本发明的范围内还包括制备含有粘液的冷却和/或润滑组合物以及浓缩和干燥这些组合物的方法。 本发明的其它方面是用于加工表面的方法,包括提取粘液,加入足量的防腐剂以基本上抑制粘液的降解以形成粘液混合物,将粘液混合物施用于待加工的表面,之后 加工表面。 另一方面,本发明提供了用于润滑和/或冷却机械加工表面的方法,包括提取粘液,加入足量的防腐剂以基本上抑制粘液的降解以形成粘液混合物,以及将粘液混合物施加到加工 表面作为润滑剂和/或冷却剂。 本发明的另一方面是使用植物粘液涂覆船体的外壳,从而减少摩擦和阻力,并提高飞行器的速度。 任选地,这种组合物还可以包含奶油蜡。
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公开(公告)号:WO1998024572A1
公开(公告)日:1998-06-11
申请号:PCT/AU1997000829
申请日:1997-12-05
Applicant: CAST CENTRE PTY., LTD. , RICHARDS, Cheryl , BAKER, Phillip, Wilmott , PECK, Stephen, Ronald
Inventor: CAST CENTRE PTY., LTD.
IPC: B22D11/07
CPC classification number: B22C3/00 , B22D11/07 , C10M169/04 , C10M2201/08 , C10M2201/081 , C10M2201/082 , C10M2201/084 , C10M2207/40 , C10M2207/404 , C10N2240/00 , C10N2240/22 , C10N2240/30 , C10N2240/40 , C10N2240/50 , C10N2240/52 , C10N2240/54 , C10N2240/56 , C10N2240/58 , C10N2240/60 , C10N2240/66
Abstract: A mould lubricant comprises a casting lubricant such as caster oil and a gaseous oxidation inhibiting agent such as sulphur hexafluoride (SF6). The mould lubricant can be used to lubricate a mould in the direct chill casting of a reactive metal such as magnesium.
Abstract translation: 模具润滑剂包括铸造润滑剂如蓖麻油和气态氧化抑制剂如六氟化硫(SF 6)。 模具润滑剂可用于在诸如镁的活性金属的直接冷却铸造中润滑模具。
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365.
公开(公告)号:WO1998008922A1
公开(公告)日:1998-03-05
申请号:PCT/US1997014824
申请日:1997-08-29
Applicant: HENKEL CORPORATION , ISHIKURA, Kazuhiro , MIYAFUJI, Kazutomo , KARUBE, Kenji
Inventor: HENKEL CORPORATION
IPC: C10M173/02
CPC classification number: C23C22/83 , C10M105/26 , C10M129/40 , C10M129/42 , C10M173/02 , C10M2201/02 , C10M2201/08 , C10M2201/081 , C10M2201/082 , C10M2201/083 , C10M2201/084 , C10M2207/103 , C10M2207/1203 , C10M2207/1213 , C10M2207/123 , C10M2207/1233 , C10M2207/125 , C10M2207/1253 , C10M2207/126 , C10M2207/127 , C10M2207/1273 , C10M2207/129 , C10M2207/1293 , C10M2207/163 , C10M2207/183 , C10M2207/203 , C10M2207/22 , C10M2207/223 , C10M2207/243 , C10M2207/2606 , C10M2207/2623 , C10M2215/042 , C10N2210/01 , C10N2240/402 , C10N2240/403 , C10N2240/404 , C10N2240/405 , C10N2240/406 , C10N2240/407 , C10N2240/408 , C10N2240/409 , C10N2250/02
Abstract: A waterborne lubricant for the cold plastic working of metals that contains alkali metal salts of dimer(s) and/or trimer(s) of unsaturated fatty acids with from 10 to 24 carbon atoms per molecule has a lubrication performance at least as good as that of prior lubricants, even at generally lower lubricating film weights, has a long bath life, and generates little dust during cold plastic working operations. Even as little as 5 % of these salts of dimer(s) and/or trimer(s) of unsaturated fatty acids, when mixed with conventional alkali metal salts of saturated fatty acids with from 10-24 carbon atoms per molecule, can provide these benefits.
Abstract translation: 含有每分子10至24个碳原子的不饱和脂肪酸二聚体和/或三聚体的二醇和/或三聚体的碱金属盐的金属冷塑性水性润滑剂具有至少与该润滑性能一样好的润滑性能 现有的润滑剂,即使在一般较低的润滑膜重量下,具有长的浴槽寿命,并且在冷塑性加工操作期间几乎不产生粉尘。 当与常规的每分子10-24个碳原子的饱和脂肪酸的碱金属盐混合时,甚至只有这些不饱和脂肪酸的二聚体和/或三聚体的这些盐的5%可以提供这些 好处。
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公开(公告)号:WO1997045508A1
公开(公告)日:1997-12-04
申请号:PCT/US1997003843
申请日:1997-03-14
Applicant: ECOLAB INC.
Inventor: ECOLAB INC. , PERSON HEI, Kimberly, L. , BESSE, Michael, E. , SCHMIDT, Bruce, E. , SYKES, Christopher, S. , GUTZMANN, Timothy, A.
IPC: C10M173/02
CPC classification number: C10M173/02 , C10M129/06 , C10M129/08 , C10M129/28 , C10M133/08 , C10M2201/02 , C10M2201/08 , C10M2201/081 , C10M2201/082 , C10M2201/084 , C10M2201/085 , C10M2207/021 , C10M2207/022 , C10M2207/023 , C10M2207/12 , C10M2207/121 , C10M2207/122 , C10M2207/124 , C10M2207/125 , C10M2207/129 , C10M2209/104 , C10M2215/02 , C10M2215/04 , C10M2215/042 , C10M2215/26 , C10M2219/042 , C10M2219/044 , C10N2240/00 , C10N2240/22 , C10N2240/30 , C10N2240/50 , C10N2240/52 , C10N2240/54 , C10N2240/56 , C10N2240/58 , C10N2240/60 , C10N2240/66 , C10N2250/02 , C10N2270/02
Abstract: The invention includes lubricant concentrate and use solution compositions having an amine compound of the formula R1 - O - R2 - NH2, R1 - O - R2 - NH - R3 - H2, and mixtures thereof wherein R1 may be a linear saturated or unsaturated C6-C18 alkyl, R2 is a linear or branched C1-C8 alkyl. The concentrate also comprises an acidulant, optionally a stabilizing hydrotrope, and a surfactant. The lubricant use solution resulting from dilution of the concentrate has an amine compound in a concentration ranging from about 10 ppm to 10000 ppm. Also disclosed is a method of lubricating a conveyor system which includes providing a use solution of the lubricant concentrate composition.
Abstract translation: 本发明包括润滑剂浓缩物和具有式R1-O-R2-NH2,R1-O-R2-NH-R3-H2的胺化合物及其混合物的使用溶液组合物,其中R 1可以是直链饱和或不饱和的C6- C18烷基,R2是直链或支链C1-C8烷基。 浓缩物还包含酸化剂,任选的稳定水溶助长剂和表面活性剂。 由浓缩物稀释得到的润滑剂使用溶液具有浓度范围为约10ppm至10000ppm的胺化合物。 还公开了一种润滑输送系统的方法,其包括提供润滑剂浓缩组合物的使用溶液。
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公开(公告)号:WO1993024599A1
公开(公告)日:1993-12-09
申请号:PCT/US1993004227
申请日:1993-05-04
Applicant: THE LUBRIZOL CORPORATION
Inventor: THE LUBRIZOL CORPORATION , RIPPLE, David, E. , KARN, Jack, L. , VARGO, Daniel, M.
IPC: C10M163/00
CPC classification number: C10M163/00 , C10M133/52 , C10M159/20 , C10M159/22 , C10M159/24 , C10M2201/08 , C10M2201/081 , C10M2201/082 , C10M2201/084 , C10M2207/028 , C10M2207/123 , C10M2207/125 , C10M2207/129 , C10M2207/22 , C10M2207/26 , C10M2207/262 , C10M2209/101 , C10M2215/04 , C10M2215/042 , C10M2215/08 , C10M2215/086 , C10M2215/12 , C10M2215/22 , C10M2215/221 , C10M2215/224 , C10M2215/225 , C10M2215/226 , C10M2215/24 , C10M2215/26 , C10M2215/28 , C10M2215/30 , C10M2217/042 , C10M2217/043 , C10M2217/046 , C10M2217/06 , C10M2219/046 , C10M2219/087 , C10M2219/088 , C10M2219/089 , C10M2221/00 , C10M2223/04 , C10M2223/042 , C10M2223/045 , C10M2227/061 , C10N2210/00 , C10N2210/01 , C10N2210/02 , C10N2240/02 , C10N2240/04 , C10N2240/042 , C10N2240/044 , C10N2240/046 , C10N2240/08 , C10N2240/102 , C10N2240/103 , F02B3/06 , F02B2275/14
Abstract: A diesel lubricant able to minimize undesirable viscosity increases, comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor amount of a composition comprising: A) the product of reaction of a succinic acylating agent (polyalkene substituent: Mn at least 1200; Mw/Mn at least 1.5; at least 1.3 succinic groups per equivalent weight of substituent group) and a compound containing at least one -NH-; and B) one basic alkali or alkaline earth metal salt of one acidic organic compound (metal ratio at least 2). Composition TBN in the range 6-15 (A contribution 0.5-1.5; B the rest; Mg contributing less than 30 %).
Abstract translation: 一种柴油润滑剂,其能够最小化不期望的粘度增加,其包含主要量的润滑粘度油和少量组合物,其包含:A)琥珀酰化剂(聚烯烃取代基:Mn至少为1200; Mw / Mn至少为1.5;每当量重量的取代基至少有1.3个琥珀酸基)和含至少一个-NH-的化合物; 和B)一种酸性有机化合物的碱性或碱土金属盐(金属比至少为2)。 组成TBN在6-15范围内(A贡献0.5-1.5; B其余; Mg贡献小于30%)。
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公开(公告)号:WO1993015169A1
公开(公告)日:1993-08-05
申请号:PCT/US1993000616
申请日:1993-01-19
Applicant: LORD CORPORATION
Inventor: LORD CORPORATION , CARLSON, J., David , WEISS, Keith, D.
IPC: C10M169/04
CPC classification number: C10M171/001 , C10M2201/00 , C10M2201/061 , C10M2201/062 , C10M2201/08 , C10M2201/081 , C10M2201/082 , C10M2201/084 , C10M2201/105 , C10M2201/16 , C10M2201/18 , C10M2203/10 , C10M2203/102 , C10M2207/282 , C10M2207/283 , C10M2207/34 , C10M2209/103 , C10M2211/02 , C10M2211/024 , C10M2211/06 , C10M2213/00 , C10M2213/04 , C10M2213/06 , C10M2229/02 , C10M2229/05 , C10M2229/051 , C10N2240/20 , C10N2240/201 , C10N2240/202 , C10N2240/203 , C10N2240/204 , C10N2240/205
Abstract: An electrorheological material comprising a carrier fluid and an atomically polarizable particle component. The atomically polarizable particle component has a crystalline lattice structure which allows atoms to shift position with respect to each other in response to the application of an electric field. The electrorheological materials are subjected to an alternating current electric field at a frequency of at least 500 Hz. The materials exhibit substantial electrorheological activity over a broad temperature range.
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公开(公告)号:WO1992018333A1
公开(公告)日:1992-10-29
申请号:PCT/JP1992000378
申请日:1992-03-27
Applicant: TAKATA CORPORATION , STT INC.
Inventor: TAKATA CORPORATION , STT INC. , SUGASAWA, Takamasa , HIROKAWA, Yoshiyuki
IPC: B32B27/14
CPC classification number: F16C33/22 , C08J7/047 , C08J2427/00 , C08J2429/00 , C09D127/12 , C10M103/00 , C10M103/02 , C10M103/06 , C10M107/00 , C10M107/38 , C10M107/50 , C10M111/04 , C10M2201/003 , C10M2201/0403 , C10M2201/041 , C10M2201/0413 , C10M2201/042 , C10M2201/0423 , C10M2201/0433 , C10M2201/0603 , C10M2201/0613 , C10M2201/0623 , C10M2201/065 , C10M2201/0653 , C10M2201/066 , C10M2201/0663 , C10M2201/08 , C10M2201/0803 , C10M2201/081 , C10M2201/082 , C10M2201/084 , C10M2201/0853 , C10M2201/0863 , C10M2201/0873 , C10M2201/1006 , C10M2201/1023 , C10M2201/1033 , C10M2201/105 , C10M2201/1053 , C10M2201/123 , C10M2205/003 , C10M2211/06 , C10M2211/08 , C10M2213/00 , C10M2213/02 , C10M2213/023 , C10M2213/04 , C10M2213/043 , C10M2213/06 , C10M2213/0606 , C10M2213/062 , C10M2213/0623 , C10M2229/025 , C10M2229/0405 , C10M2229/0415 , C10M2229/0425 , C10M2229/0435 , C10M2229/0445 , C10M2229/0455 , C10M2229/0465 , C10M2229/0475 , C10M2229/0485 , C10M2229/0505 , C10M2229/0515 , C10M2229/0525 , C10M2229/0535 , C10M2229/0545 , C10N2240/02 , F16C33/201
Abstract: A surface-coated rubber or plastic sliding member having a coating with excellent durability and high slipperiness,wherein the coating comprises a solid lubricant such as molybdenum disulfide, a resin matrix and a reinforcement, said resin matrix comprising a fluoroolefin vinyl ether polymer resin and/or a fluoroolefin vinyl ether/vinyl ester copolymer resin.
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公开(公告)号:WO9114014A3
公开(公告)日:1991-10-31
申请号:PCT/US9101536
申请日:1991-03-06
Applicant: HENKEL CORP
Inventor: AWAD SAMI B
IPC: C09K3/00 , C10M105/22 , C10M105/32 , C10M105/68 , C10M105/74 , C10M107/34 , C10M107/48 , C10M173/02 , C23C22/34 , C23G5/032
CPC classification number: C10M105/22 , C10M105/32 , C10M105/68 , C10M105/74 , C10M107/34 , C10M107/48 , C10M125/00 , C10M125/10 , C10M125/16 , C10M125/18 , C10M125/20 , C10M129/44 , C10M137/02 , C10M145/28 , C10M145/36 , C10M145/38 , C10M159/06 , C10M173/02 , C10M2201/00 , C10M2201/02 , C10M2201/022 , C10M2201/06 , C10M2201/062 , C10M2201/063 , C10M2201/065 , C10M2201/066 , C10M2201/08 , C10M2201/081 , C10M2201/082 , C10M2201/083 , C10M2201/084 , C10M2201/085 , C10M2201/18 , C10M2203/00 , C10M2203/10 , C10M2203/102 , C10M2203/104 , C10M2203/106 , C10M2203/108 , C10M2205/14 , C10M2205/16 , C10M2205/17 , C10M2205/18 , C10M2207/021 , C10M2207/04 , C10M2207/103 , C10M2207/123 , C10M2207/124 , C10M2207/125 , C10M2207/128 , C10M2207/129 , C10M2207/22 , C10M2207/2606 , C10M2207/2623 , C10M2207/2805 , C10M2207/281 , C10M2207/282 , C10M2207/283 , C10M2207/286 , C10M2207/345 , C10M2209/103 , C10M2209/1033 , C10M2209/104 , C10M2209/1045 , C10M2209/1055 , C10M2209/1065 , C10M2209/1075 , C10M2209/108 , C10M2209/1085 , C10M2209/109 , C10M2209/1095 , C10M2215/04 , C10M2215/042 , C10M2215/08 , C10M2215/0806 , C10M2215/082 , C10M2215/1006 , C10M2215/26 , C10M2215/28 , C10M2215/285 , C10M2217/04 , C10M2219/044 , C10M2223/02 , C10M2223/04 , C10M2223/041 , C10M2223/042 , C10M2223/049 , C10M2223/06 , C10M2223/061 , C10M2223/065 , C10M2223/10 , C10M2225/00 , C10M2225/003 , C10M2225/02 , C10M2225/025 , C10M2225/04 , C10M2225/0405 , C10M2225/041 , C10N2240/00 , C10N2240/22 , C10N2240/30 , C10N2240/40 , C10N2240/402 , C10N2240/403 , C10N2240/404 , C10N2240/405 , C10N2240/406 , C10N2240/407 , C10N2240/408 , C10N2240/409 , C10N2240/50 , C10N2240/52 , C10N2240/54 , C10N2240/56 , C10N2240/58 , C10N2240/60 , C10N2240/66 , C10N2250/02 , C10N2250/10 , C10N2250/121 , C10N2270/00 , C23C22/34
Abstract: Contact of acid or alkaline cleaned aluminum surfaces, particularly cans, with a water based composition containing a combination of (i) alkoxylated phosphate esters, (ii) ions of aluminum, zirconium, iron, tin, and/or cerium, (iii) a metal etching component, and (iv) a combination of alkoxylated alcohol and alkoxylated alkyl phenol emulsifiers, gives the surface after drying lowered surface friction without loss of high quality printability and lacquer adhesion and removes any brown spotting on the cans that may have developed during the cleaning or post-cleaning rinses. The cans after treatment are substantially free from any water breaks when rinsed with water. The foaming resistance and storage stability of the water based composition as described above, and of other similar surface friction reducing treatments for aluminum containers, may be advantageously increased by adding a biocidal agent, preferably hydrogen peroxide, and a combination of liquid paraffin, solid wax, and a high molecular weight fatty acid derivative(s) as antifoam agent.
Abstract translation: (ⅰ)烷氧基化磷酸酯,(ⅱ)铝,锆,铁,锡和/或铈离子,(ⅲ)一种或多种铝的混合物的水基组合物与酸性或碱性清洗过的铝表面 金属蚀刻组分,和(iv)烷氧基化醇和烷氧基化烷基酚乳化剂的组合,干燥后的表面使得表面摩擦降低,而不损失高质量的可印刷性和漆粘附性,并且去除罐头上可能产生的任何褐色斑点 清洁或后清洁冲洗。 处理后的罐在用水冲洗时基本没有任何水分断裂。 如上所述的水基组合物的发泡阻力和储存稳定性以及用于铝容器的其他类似的表面减摩处理可以通过添加杀生物剂,优选过氧化氢和液体石蜡,固体蜡 和作为消泡剂的高分子量脂肪酸衍生物。
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