Abstract:
This invention relates to a radiation-curable monoethylenically unsaturated liquid non-aqueous composition whereby the composition comprises an ionomeric composition comprising a monoethylenically unsaturated acid wherein at least a portion of the acid groups thereof is neutralized by a metal ion-producing component. An investment casting method utilizing a pattern produced from the composition is also disclosed.
Abstract:
Oligomeric acrylates containing composition suitable for the production of endless objects without the use of continuous carrier material, whereby the composition also contains a high molecular weight thermoplastic polymer. Products made from a composition according to the invention are, depending on the starting materials, suitable for applications in those areas where a good temperature resistance, a good fire resistance and/or a good corrosion and solvent resistance are required besides good mechanical properties. Examples are cable sheathing, fireproof clothing, asbestos replacement, high temperature filters, aircraft interiors, precursors for carbon fibre, food packagings (for instance for use in a microwave oven), condenser films, optical fibre and filament winding products.
Abstract:
Elongated object, made of an orientated alternating copolymer of carbon monoxide and an olefinically unsaturated monomer, which has a modulus of elasticity of at least 16 GPa, and a method for the production of objects from an alternating copolymer, orientated by stretching, of carbon monoxide and an olefinically unsaturated monomer, by dissolving the copolymer in a suitable solvent, converting the solution obtained, at a temperature above the dissolving point of the solution, to an object consisting of the solution, converting the object consisting of the solution to a solvent-containing object consisting of the copolymer, completely or partially removing the solvent from the solvent-containing object consisting of the copolymer and stretching at least the object thus obtained, or the solvent-containing object consisting of the copolymer, at elevated temperature, it being possible for the stretching of tapes and films also to take place in two directions.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a thermoplastic polymer based on a vinyl monomer, which is characterized in that the polymer composition contains more than 1% (wt) of one or more compounds according to formula (I) and/or (II), where R is a hydrogen atom, alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, cycloaryl and/or a halogen. By applying a polymer according to the invention the composition is protected against thermal decomposition so that the CO2 emission during or after processing is lower than 0.5% (wt). Polymers according to the invention are excellently suited for the production therefrom of dashboards for motor cars and of housings for electric equipment.
Abstract:
Process for the suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride, if so desired with one or more copolymerizable monomers, with monomer-soluble, radical-forming initiators, and in the presence of suspending agents, to vinyl chloride polymers with at least 70% by weight of vinyl chloride units having good processing properties. This suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride, is carried out according to the invention in the presence of preferably 0.005-0.5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of monomer of primary suspending agents and of 0.005-0.5 parts by weight of polyvinyl acetate with a low degree of solvolysis per 100 parts by weight of monomer.
Abstract:
The disclosure pertains to a urea production plant and process using a high-pressure CO2 stripper, downstream medium-pressure treatment unit and a medium-pressure dissociator receiving urea synthesis solution from the reactor, wherein gas from the treatment unit and dissociator are condensed in a first condenser and off-gas from the synthesis section is condensed separately in a second condenser. A revamping method is also described.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a novel method of controlling the formation of biuret in urea production, and particularly reducing, preventing or reversing such formation. This is accomplished by adding liquid ammonia to a urea aqueous stream. This addition is done at one or more positions downstream of a recovery section in a urea plant. The addition of liquid ammonia serves to shift the equilibrium of biuret formation from urea, to the side of the formation of urea from biuret and ammonia. The invention can be accomplished also in pre-existing urea plant, by the simple measure of providing an appropriate inlet for liquid ammonia, in fluid communication with a source of such liquid ammonia.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method for the integrated production of two different urea products. One is an aqueous urea solution suitable for use in NOx abatement (generally indicated as Diesel Exhaust Fluid – DEF). The other is a solution used as a fertilizer, viz. Urea Ammonium Nitrate (UAN). The production of DEF and UAN are integrated as follows: ammonia recovered from the production of urea is used as a feed to the production of ammonium nitrate. At least part of an aqueous urea stream from urea production, is mixed with ammonium nitrate so as to obtain UAN.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a process for the preparation of a urea product suitable for being diluted with water so as to form an aqueous urea comprising solution for use in a unit for the reduction of NOx in combustion engine exhaust gases, also known as Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) or to be used in De NOx systems of exhaust vapor from industrial furnaces. The process comprises obtaining an aqueous urea solution from or after a recovery section in a urea production process. This solution, which has a low content of impurities, is subjected to flash crystallization at a low pressure, so as to obtain a solid crystallized urea containing product, which is a free-flowing powder containing less than 0.2 wt.% water. This product is packaged under conditions such that the water content in the packaged product is maintained below 0.2 wt.%. The invention can also be used in a method of increasing the capacity of an existing urea plant.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method for the removal of soluble particulate matter from a gas stream, such as urea dust from the off-gas of a finishing section of a urea production plant. The method comprises subjecting the off-gas to at least two quenching stages an aqueous quenching liquid. The quenching liquid used in a first, upstream quench stage, is allowed to have a higher concentration of dissolved particulate matter than the quenching liquid in the second, downstream quench stage. The quenched gas is led through a particle capture zone, typically comprising one or more of a wet scrubber, a Venturi scrubber, and a wet electrostatic precipitator.