Abstract:
The invention relates to multifunctional polymers, comprising polymerised units of (a) ?-acyloxyacrylonitrile, ?-haloacrylic acid, ?-acyloxyacrylate ester and/or ?-hydroxyacrylic acid; (b) monoethylenic unsaturated carboxylic acids; (c) vinyl esters of saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids and/or vinyl alcohol and, optionally, (d) other monoethylenic unsaturated monomers, co-polymerisable with the monomers (a) to (c) and, optionally, (e) at least two cross-linking compounds, containing ethylenic unsaturated double bonds and with a K-value of at least 7 (determined by the method of H. Fikentscher in acetone at 25?o¿C and a polymer concentration of 1 % by weight). The invention further relates to a method for the production of multifunctional polymers by the copolymerisation of monomer mixtures comprising (a) ?-acyloxyacrylonitrile, ?-haloacrylic acid, ?-acyloxyacrylate ester and/or ?-hydroxyacrylic acid; (b) monoethylenic unsaturated carboxylic acids; (c) vinyl esters of saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids and/or vinyl alcohol and, optionally (d) other monoethylenic unsaturated monomers, co-polymerisable with the monomers (a) to (c) and, optionally, (e) at least two cross-linking compounds, containing ethylenic unsaturated double bonds, in the presence of radical forming polymerisation initiators and partial or complete hydrolysis of polymerised monomer units (a) and (c) in the co-polymer obtained as above. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of said multifunctional copolymers as additives in washing and cleaning agents, for the binding of polyvalent metal ions, as stabiliser in the bleaching of textiles and the bleaching of fibrous material for the production of paper.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a solid textile detergent formulation containing (A) 1-30 wt. % carbonate based inorganic builders, (B) 0-12 wt. % inorganic builders based on crystalline or amorphous aluminosilicates and/or crystalline or amorphous silicates, (C) 0-5 wt. % inorganic phosphate-based builders, (D) 1-40 wt. % of one or several glycin-N, N-diacetic acid derivatives (I),wherein R represents an organic radical and M stands for hydrogen or a cation, as organic builder components, (E) 0-40 wt. % anionic surfactants and (F) 0.5-50 wt. % non ionic surfactants.
Abstract:
The invention concerns the use of modified polyaspartic acids as additives to washing agents and washing agents containing the modified polyaspartic acids in amounts of between 0.1 and 20 wt.%. The modified polyaspartic acids are obtained by the polycondensation of aspartic acid in the presence of: (a) 2.5 to 25 mol % amines with at least 6 carbon atoms; and (b) at least 2 wt.% phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, polyphosphoric acids, phosphorus pentoxide, phosphonic acids or mixtures of said acids, in each case relative to the amount of aspartic acid used, at temperatures of at least 120 °C and subsequent hydrolysis with bases to give modified polyaspartic acids with a phosphorus content of between 0.5 and 10 wt.%.
Abstract:
Block copolyacetals are produced by the cationically initiated polyaddition of (A) acetaldehyde acetal units-containing polyacetals with at least 2 OH groups per molecule; and (B) acetaldehyde acetal units-containing polyacetals with at least 2 vinylether groups per molecule with a molar ratio (A):(B) from 2:1 to 1:2. Also disclosed is a process for producing these block copolyacetals by cationically initiated polyaddition of (A) and (B), as well as the use of these block polyacetals as additives for phosphate-poor and phosphate-free washing and cleaning agents, and as weakly foaming surfactants in dishwashing detergents.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for preparing copolymers from vinyl esters and monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids by the radical copolymerisation of: (a) 20 to 80 mol % vinyl esters of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having at least two carbon atoms, (b) 80 to 20 mol % monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids and, optionally, (c) 0 to 30 mol % of other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers which can be copolymerised, and/or (d) 0 to 10 mol % monomers containing at least two ethylenically unsaturated non-conjugated double bonds in the molecule, in the presence of at least one sulphur, phosphorus and/or nitrogen compound having a reducing effect and of 0.05 to 30 wt %, relative to the monomers, of at least one surfactant in an aqueous medium and in the presence of initiators and, optionally, regulators. The invention further relates to the use of the copolymers or the copolymers comprising vinyl alcohol units obtained therefrom by hydrolysis and/or oxidation, as additives for washing and cleaning agents.
Abstract:
Described is the use, as an additive to phosphate-reduced and phosphate-free washing and cleaning agents, of carboxyl-group-containing reaction products of (a) maleic acid anhydride, maleic acid and/or fumaric acid and (b) proteins or hydrolysed proteins, the reaction products having an acid number of at least 1.5 mmol of NaOH per gram of reaction product.
Abstract:
A mixture is disclosed of at least two alkoxylated alcohols and having the formula (I), in which x is a number between 1 and 12 and y is a number between 1 and 15. One alkoxylated alcohol has as residue R a straight-chain or branched-chain C8-C18-alkyl group and the other alkoxylated alcohol has as residue R a straight-chain or branched-chain C10-C20-alkyl group, but the average number of C atoms in the residues R must differ by at least 0.5, whereas the ratio between both alkoxylated alcohols is comprised between 10 : 90 and 90 : 10. This mixture is suitable as an antifoam tenside additive in cleaning products for machine washing processes.
Abstract:
The invention concerns condensation products containing N,O-acetal- or carbonamide structures, the products being characterized in that they are obtained by the condensation of (a) compounds containing at least once the structural element (I) or (II) in which X=OH or NHR, R being C1 to C6 alkyl or -CH2-COOH, with (b) aldehydes, ketones or aldehydic or ketonic carboxylic acids to give acetal lactones and by subsequently splitting the acetal lactones with (c) aminocarboxylic acids, primary or secondary amines and/or polyethylenimines to give condensation products containing N,O-acetal- or carbonamide structures. The invention also concerns methods of preparing such products and their use as additives in washing and cleaning agents. The invention further concerns condensation products containing acetal lactone structures produced by reacting (a) hydroxycarboxylic acids or secondary aminoacids with polyhydroxy compounds and condensing with (b) aldehydes, ketones or aldehydic or ketonic carboxylic acids.