Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing water soluble polymers of esters from ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids and polyalkylene glycols by azeotropic esterification of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids with polyalkylenglycols which are closed at one side by end groups. Esterification is performed in the presence of organic solvents which together with water form an azeotrope of at least 85 weight %. Subsequent radical polymerization is performed on the esters thus obtained thereby optionally together with other ethylenically unsaturated monomers in an aqueous medium. The organic solvent is azeotropically strip distilled out of the reaction mixture during the polymerization process and strip distilled water is reintroduced or the amount of water strip distilled out of the reaction mixture is replaced by adding fresh water.
Abstract:
The invention relates to multifunctional polymers, comprising polymerised units of (a) C and a polymer concentration of 1 % by weight). The invention further relates to a method for the production of multifunctional polymers by the copolymerisation of monomer mixtures comprising (a)
Abstract:
Finely powdered, water-insoluble, cross-linked polymers contain polymerised units of 1-vinyl pyrrolidone and/or 1-vinyl imidazoles having the formula (I), in which R, R?1 and R2¿ are different or the same and stand for H, C¿1?-C4 alkyl or phenyl, or polymerised units of 4-vinyl pyridin-N-oxide. At least 90 % by weight of these polymers have a particle size from 0.1 to 500 νm. These polymers are useful as additives for washing and cleaning agents to prevent colours from migrating during washing. Also disclosed are washing and cleaning agents based on surfactants and if required builders and other usual components, said washing and cleaning agents containing from 0.1 to 10 % by weight of the disclosed water-insoluble, cross-linked polymers.
Abstract:
The invention concerns mixtures of (I) polymers of monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids with a molecular weight of 200 to 5,000 and (II) (1) copolymers with a molecular weight of 10,000 to 150,000 consisting of (a) 10 to 70 % by wt. of monoethylenically unsaturated C4 to C8 dicarboxylic acids or salts thereof and (b) 30 to 90 % by wt. of monoethylenically unsaturated C3 to C10 monocarboxylic acids and/or salts thereof, (2) homopolymers and copolymers with a molecular weight of 1,000 to 500,00 consisting of monoethylenically unsaturated C3 to C10 monocarboxylic acids, (3) graft polymers with a molecular weight of 5,000 to 150,000 obtained by the radical-initiated graft polymerization of (A) monoethylenically unsaturated C3 to C10 carboxylic acids, their anhydrides and/or their salts in the presence of (B) mono-, oligo- or polysaccharides derivatives thereof, in the ratio by weight of A:B of (95 to 100):(5 to 80) and/or (4) polyaminocarboxylic acids and/or polymers containing aminocarboxylic groups, the mixtures containing components (I) and (II) in the ratio by weight of 10:0.5 to 0.5:10. The invention also concerns the use of such mixtures as additives in phosphate-free or phosphate-reduced textile-washing agents or as dispersants and deposit-prevention agents in cleaning agents for hard surfaces.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to the use of water soluble or water dispersible polymers containing carboxyl groups, optionally in latent form, and side-chains of general formula (I): -X-Y-[-O-(-Alk-O)n-R]k as additives in mineral building materials, wherein X, Y, Alk, R, n and k have the meanings cited in Claim 1. Said polymers can be obtained by polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of compounds containing phosphorus and, optionally, by additional polymer-analogous transformation. The invention further relates to the production of said polymers and the use thereof. Also described are polymers, which can be obtained by polymerizing aromatic vinyl compounds, olefins, cycloolefins and/or dienes, as D monomers and anhydrides of ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids as E monomers, and which can be used both as parent compounds for the above-mentioned polymers and as additives for mineral building materials.
Abstract:
Soluble polyacetals containing acetaldehyde acetal units obtainable by the cationically initiated polymerization of (a) compounds containing at least 3 hydroxy groups and (b) divinyl ethers containing terminal vinyl ether groups or mixtures of such divinyl ethers and monovinyl ethers, possibly in the presence of (c) dihydroxy compounds and/or monohydroxy compounds, a process for producing the polyacetals and their use as an additive to low-phosphate and phosphate-free washing and cleaning agents and as dispersants for finely divided minerals.
Abstract:
Soluble polyacetals containing acetaldehyde acetal units obtainable by the cationically initiated polymerization of (a) compounds containing at least 3 hydroxy groups and (b) divinyl ethers containing terminal vinyl ether groups or mixtures of such divinyl ethers and monovinyl ethers, possibly in the presence of (c) dihydroxy compounds and/or monohydroxy compounds, a process for producing the polyacetals and their use as an additive to low-phosphate and phosphate-free washing and cleaning agents and as dispersants for finely divided minerals.
Abstract:
Des composés hétérocycliques de formule (I), où X représente O, S ou le groupement N-R3 dans lequel R3 est hydrogène, alkyle en C1-C25, acyle en C1-C25 ou bien un groupe aryle avec jusqu'à 12 atomes de carbone, Y est CH ou N, R1 représente X = S ou N-R3, hydrogène, un groupe alkyle en C1-C25 ou alkényle en C2-C25 ou bien un résidu phényle qui peut en outre être substitué par un ou deux groupes alkyle en C1-C4, alkoxy en C1-C4, hydroxyle, carboxyle, sulpho, amino, acylamino en C1-C4, nitro ou cyano ou bien par des atomes de chlore ou de brome, ceux-ci pouvant, pour deux substituants, être identiques ou différents, R1 représente X = O, phényle, o-, m- ou p-tolyle, p-chlorphényle, m-nitrophényle, m-méthoxyphényle ou m-méthylsulphonylphényle, R2 représente X = S ou bien NR3, hydrogène, un groupe alkyle en C1-C4, alkoxy en C1-C4, hydroxyle, carboxyle, sulpho, amino ou acylamino en C1-C4 ou encore un atome de chlore ou de brome, et R2 représente X = O ou hydrogène, s'utilisent comme activateurs de blanchiment ou agents d'azurage optique dans des agents de lavage et de nettoyage.
Abstract:
The invention relates to multifunctional polymers, comprising polymerised units of (a) ?-acyloxyacrylonitrile, ?-haloacrylic acid, ?-acyloxyacrylate ester and/or ?-hydroxyacrylic acid; (b) monoethylenic unsaturated carboxylic acids; (c) vinyl esters of saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids and/or vinyl alcohol and, optionally, (d) other monoethylenic unsaturated monomers, co-polymerisable with the monomers (a) to (c) and, optionally, (e) at least two cross-linking compounds, containing ethylenic unsaturated double bonds and with a K-value of at least 7 (determined by the method of H. Fikentscher in acetone at 25?o¿C and a polymer concentration of 1 % by weight). The invention further relates to a method for the production of multifunctional polymers by the copolymerisation of monomer mixtures comprising (a) ?-acyloxyacrylonitrile, ?-haloacrylic acid, ?-acyloxyacrylate ester and/or ?-hydroxyacrylic acid; (b) monoethylenic unsaturated carboxylic acids; (c) vinyl esters of saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids and/or vinyl alcohol and, optionally (d) other monoethylenic unsaturated monomers, co-polymerisable with the monomers (a) to (c) and, optionally, (e) at least two cross-linking compounds, containing ethylenic unsaturated double bonds, in the presence of radical forming polymerisation initiators and partial or complete hydrolysis of polymerised monomer units (a) and (c) in the co-polymer obtained as above. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of said multifunctional copolymers as additives in washing and cleaning agents, for the binding of polyvalent metal ions, as stabiliser in the bleaching of textiles and the bleaching of fibrous material for the production of paper.