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公开(公告)号：DE03017179T1
公开(公告)日：2004-08-26
申请号：DE03017179
申请日：1995-06-13
Applicant: BIO RAD LABORATORIES
Inventor： RAGSDALE CHARLES W
Abstract: A method for operating a transfection system adapted to deliver a prespecified high-voltage current to a chemical solution, comprising the steps of: asserting a trigger signal when power is removed from the transfection system; triggering a crowbar circuit coupled to a charge storage device that provides the high-voltage current when said trigger signal is asserted; and discharging said charge storage device through said crowbar circuit when said crowbar circuit is activated. An apparatus for directing a first predetermined current profile at a second predetermined high voltage level to a chemical solution is also disclosed, along with a hi-joule switch and a capacitor expansion module.
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公开(公告)号：DE68920361T2
公开(公告)日：1995-05-11
申请号：DE68920361
申请日：1989-04-08
Applicant: BIO RAD LABORATORIES
Inventor： RAGSDALE CHARLES W
IPC: G01N27/447 , C12M1/00 , G01R27/26 , G05F1/618
Abstract: A contour-clamped homogeneous electric field generator having a plurality of electrodes, each electrode being connected to a node which is maintained at a prescribed electrical potential. The electrical potential at the node is maintained by sourcing current into or sinking current away from the node when the voltage at the node varies. The current source comprises a first transistor having an input terminal connected to a voltage/current supply and an output terminal connected to the node. The current sink comprises a second transistor having an input terminal coupled to the node, and an output terminal coupled to the voltage/current supply ground. To control the operation of the first and second transistors, a comparator is coupled to the node for comparing a node-derived voltage to a reference voltage and for providing an oscillating pulse train in response thereto. The duty cycle of the pulse train varies in response to node voltage variation. The oscillating output of the comparator is communicated to an RC circuit which averages the voltages of the pulse train, and the averaged voltage is communicated to a control terminal of the second transistor. When the duty cycle of the pulse train increases, the increased average voltage turns on the second transistor for sinking current away from the node. When the duty cycle of the pulse train decreases, the first transistor turns on for injecting current into the node. The first and second transistors thus maintain the voltage at the prescribed level.
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公开(公告)号：CA1330106C
公开(公告)日：1994-06-07
申请号：CA616708
申请日：1993-09-08
Applicant: BIO RAD LABORATORIES
Inventor： RAGSDALE CHARLES W
Abstract: TRANSFECTION HIGH-VOLTAGE CONTROLLER A transfection high-voltage controller for directing high-voltage currents to a suspension of cells and DNA comprising a control section, a power store, and a highjoule switch. Under control of the control section, the high-joule switch directs a high-voltage current from the power store to a load such as a cuvette. The high-joule switch comprises a semiconductor controlled rectifier (SCR) having a gate coupled to the control unit for triggering the device, an anode for receiving the highvoltage current from the power store, and a cathode for delivering the high-voltage current to the cuvette. A current sink may be connected to the anode of the SCR to render it non-conductive a predetermined time after the high-voltage current appears at the cathode. Multiple SCRs may be connected in series to support voltages over 3,000 and currents in excess of 125 amperes, and a trigger control unit may be attached to the gate of each SCR in the series to effect simultaneous or serial triggering of the group.
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公开(公告)号：CA1297152C
公开(公告)日：1992-03-10
申请号：CA597142
申请日：1989-04-19
Applicant: BIO RAD LABORATORIES
Inventor： RAGSDALE CHARLES W
IPC: G01N27/447 , C12M1/00 , G01R27/26 , G05F1/618 , C25B7/00
Abstract: 16 CONTOUR-CLAMPED HOMOGENEOUS ELECTRIC FIELD GENERATOR A contour-clamped homogeneous electric field generator having a plurality of electrodes, each electrode being connected to a node which is maintained at a prescribed electrical potential. The electrical potential at the node is maintained by sourcing current into or sinking current away from the node when the voltage at the node varies. The current source comprises a first transistor having an input terminal connected to a voltage/current supply and an output terminal connected to the node. The current sink comprises a second transistor having an input terminal coupled to the node, and an output terminal coupled to the voltage/current supply ground. To control the operation of the first and second transistors, a comparator is coupled to the node for comparing a nodederived voltage to a reference voltage and for providing an oscillating pulse train in response thereto. The duty cycle of the pulse train varies in response to node voltage variation. The oscillating output of the comparator is communicated to an RC circuit which averages the voltages of the pulse train, and the averaged voltage is communicated to a control terminal of the second transistor. When the duty cycle of the pulse train increases, the increased average voltage turns on the second transistor for sinking current away from the node. When the duty cycle of the pulse train decreases, the first transistor turns on for injecting current into the node. The first and second transistors thus maintain the voltage at the prescribed level. B9/2558-295F
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Patent Agency Ranking
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38.发明申请CENTRIFUGAL FORCE-BASED SYSTEM FOR DETECTION/TREATMENT OF MEMBRANE-ENCASED STRUCTURES 审中-公开用于检测/处理膜结构的离心力系统
公开(公告)号：WO2009155234A2
公开(公告)日：2009-12-23
申请号：PCT/US2009047340
申请日：2009-06-15
Applicant: BIO RAD LABORATORIES , RAGSDALE CHARLES W
Inventor： RAGSDALE CHARLES W
IPC: C12M1/42
Abstract: Membrane-encased structures such as biological cells, liposomes, and vesicles, are conveyed through one or more channels in a rotating disk for individual exposure to optical elements or to electrodes, for purposes of transfection or flow cytometry. The rotation of the disk serves either to provide centrifugal force to urge the cells against one wall of the channel and in certain embodiments to move the cells through the channels, or to draw cells at preselected times or intervals into the exposure zone, or all three.
Abstract translation: 为了转染或流式细胞术的目的，诸如生物细胞，脂质体和囊泡的膜包裹的结构通过旋转盘中的一个或多个通道被输送以单独暴露于光学元件或电极。 盘的旋转用于提供离心力以将细胞推动到通道的一个壁上，并且在某些实施例中以使细胞移动通过通道，或者以预选的时间或间隔将细胞拉入曝光区域，或者全部三个 。
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公开(公告)号：WO2008109588A3
公开(公告)日：2008-12-04
申请号：PCT/US2008055767
申请日：2008-03-04
Applicant: BIO RAD LABORATORIES , RAGSDALE CHARLES W , MORRILL JOHN
Inventor： RAGSDALE CHARLES W , MORRILL JOHN
Abstract: Electroporation on a plurality of samples of membranous structures is performed in an electroporation well plate that includes a frame that can hold a plurality of well strips to form a two-dimensional array of wells, and a set of well strips, the set containing strips that differ in the number of wells while having the same outer dimensions and hence being interchangeable, thereby allowing the user to select strips appropriate for a given electroporation procedure, and allowing the manufacturer to replace defective strips without rejecting an entire well plate when a small number of wells is found to be defective.
Abstract translation: 多个膜状结构样品上的电穿孔在电穿孔板中进行，所述电穿孔孔板包括可容纳多个阱区以形成孔的二维阵列的框架和一组阱区， 在具有相同的外部尺寸并因此可互换的情况下孔的数量不同，因此允许用户选择适合于给定的电穿孔程序的条带，并且允许制造商更换有缺陷的条带而不排斥整个孔板， 发现井有缺陷。
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40.发明申请
公开(公告)号：WO2008067178A3
公开(公告)日：2008-08-14
申请号：PCT/US2007084768
申请日：2007-11-15
Applicant: BIO RAD LABORATORIES , RAGSDALE CHARLES W
Inventor： RAGSDALE CHARLES W
Abstract: An electroporation cuvette is constructed as a cylinder with a filament electrode at the cylinder axis and one or more peripheral electrodes on the internal cylinder wall. An additional cuvette design is one with a plurality of peripheral electrodes distributed at various locations around the circumference of the cuvette wall and no central electrode. The various arrangements of electrodes lead to electric field vectors that are non-uniform and of varying orientation, producing high field intensities and agitation of the cell suspension in the cuvette during electroporation.
Abstract translation: 电穿孔试管被构造成圆柱体，其在圆柱体轴线处具有细丝电极，并且在圆柱体内壁上具有一个或多个外围电极。 额外的比色池设计是具有分布在比色池壁周围各个位置的多个外围电极并且没有中心电极的设计。 电极的各种布置导致电场矢量不均匀且方向不同，在电穿孔期间产生高场强度和细胞悬液在比色杯中的搅动。
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