Abstract:
Locking mechanisms and methods of fixation, such as the fixation of a fixation device like a bone screw and of a rod to the spine. The locking mechanism includes a body, a rod seat and a set screw. The rod seat is configured to separate into two pieces when the rod exerts force on the top portion of the washer and the set screw limits movement of the washer toward the bottom of the locking mechanism.
Abstract:
A novel locking mechanism including a body and intermediate element and a method for locking the relative positions of a rod and a screw. The intermediate element is adapted to receive a rod and a head of a screw and is located between the rod and the head of the screw. The intermediate element has a non-circular shape such that at least one large non-contact area exists when the intermediate element is in contact with the head of the screw and the locking mechanism is fully engaged. The body is adapted to maintain the orientation of the non-circular intermediate element with respect to the body. The body also has at least one structure defining at least one distinct temporary stopping point for the intermediate element above the final locking position.
Abstract:
A locking mechanism (100) and method of fixation, such as the fixation of a fixation device (104) like a bone screw and of a rod (106) to the spine. The locking mechanism (100) includes a body (102), an insert (108, 308), a rod seat (110, 310) and a set screw. The body (102) includes a bottom portion (114) configured to receive the fixation device (104) and the insert (108, 308) but prevents the insert (108, 308) and fixation device (104) from passing therethrough once the insert (108, 308) and fixation device (104) are engaged. The body (102) further includes a side portion (120) configured to receive the rod (106). Between the rod (106) and the insert (108, 308) is a rod seat (110, 310).
Abstract:
A method of treating cardiac dysfunction, the effects of histamine, and gastric secretion excesses with aryl(alkyl and alkylene)-N-[(phenoxy and phenythio)alkyl]aminoheterocyclics corresponding to the formula: ##STR1## wherein Ar is phenyl or substituted phenyl; R is phenyl, substituted phenyl, pyridinyl or cycloalkyl; A is hydrogen, hydroxy, cyano, amido and amino; Q is --CH.sub.2 --, --CH--, or --CHOH--; d and n are zero or one and the dotted lines form double bonds consistent with the valence of carbon; p is zero, one or two; m is one to six inclusive; B is oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, sulfinyl or sulfonyl; z is zero or one; l is zero or one; W is hydrogen, loweralkyl, halo, nitro, loweralkoxy or hydroxy; X is hydrogen, loweralkyl, halogen, loweralkoxy or hydroxy; Y is --CH(OH)CH.sub.2 OH, --CH(OH)C(O)OH, --C(O)C(O)OH, --C(O)CH.sub.2 OH,--C(O)C(O)OCH.sub.3, --C(O)C(O)OC.sub.2 H.sub.5, --CH.sub.2 C(O)OC.sub.2 H.sub.5, --CH(OH)C(O)OCH.sub.3, --CH(OH)C(O)OC.sub.2 H.sub.5 or --C(O)CH.sub.2 OC(O)CH.sub.3 ; and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; in addition to the above methods of treatment, compounds wherein (B).sub.z is oxygen are useful in a method of treating Gell and Coombs type 1 allergic responses in mammals.
Abstract:
Novel 2-aminobiphenylacetic acids, esters and metal salts of the formula are disclosed: ##STR1## wherein R represents hydrogen, lower alkyl, sodium or potassium; R.sup.1 represents fluoro, chloro, bromo, lower-alkyl or amino; R.sup.2 represents lower-alkyl, lower-alkoxy, fluoro, chloro, bromo, amino or trifluoromethyl; and m and n are 0-2 with the proviso that when R.sup.1 or R.sup.2 are tertiary butyl or a sterically hindering lower alkyl radical, m and/or n are 1. The compounds are prepared by hydrolysis of 4-(5-, 6- and 7-)phenylindolin-2-ones to give the 2-amino-3-(4-, 5- and 6-)biphenylacetic acids. The free acids are converted to the esters and metal salts. The compounds have anti-inflammatory activity and inhibit blood platelet aggregation.
Abstract:
Cis and trans 3-amino-4-hydroxypyrrolidines and derivatives thereof are disclosed having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, loweralkyl or phenylcarbonyl; R.sub.2 is hydrogen, loweralkyl, lowercycloalkyl, phenyl or phenylloweralkyl; R.sub.3 is hydrogen, loweralkyl, phenylloweralkyl, phenylcarbonyl, diphenylmethyl, 5-yl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene or naphthylcarbonyl; R.sub.4 is hydrogen, loweralkyl, phenylloweralkyl or lowercycloalkyl; phenyl is optionally substituted and acid addition salts thereof. The compounds have antidepressant activity and methods and pharmaceutical compositions for use thereof are disclosed.
Abstract:
A novel process for the preparation of 7-acylindolin-2-ones of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, or trifluoromethyl; R.sup.1 is lower alkyl, alkylphenyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl; and R.sup.2 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or benzyl is provided. The compounds are useful as intermediates in the preparation of 2-amino-3-acylphenylacetic acid compounds which possess pharmaceutical properties.
Abstract:
Derivatives of 9-deazaguanine of the formula I: are prepared by reacting an aldehyde or ketone of the formula II: with a dialkylaminomalonate to produce an enamine. The enamine is then reacted with a base to produce a pyrrole represented by the formula: The pyrrole is reacted with a compound represented by the formula R3OC(O)N═C(Z)NHC(O)OR3 or a derivative of carbamimidoic acid to provide a protected guanidine compound. The guanidine compound is converted to the desired deazaguanine by reaction with 1) trifluoracetic acid or 2) C1-C4 alkoxide or alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide followed by neutralization with an acid.