Abstract:
A data processing system augments compression of non-zero values of significant coefficients by coding (1410, 1412) entries of a significance map independently of coding the values of significant non-zero coefficients. A dedicated symbol represents a zerotree structure encompassing a related association of insignificant coefficients within the tree structure, thereby compactly representing each tree of insignificant coefficients. The zerotree symbol represents that neither a root coefficient of the zerotree structure nor any descendant of the root coefficient has a magnitude greater than a given reference level. The zerotree structure is disclosed in the context of a pyramid-type image subband processor (1408) together with successive refinement quantization and entropy coding (1418) to facilitate data compression.
Abstract:
A method for balancing a rotor of an alternator in a diesel-electric locomotive in which the rotor is drivingly coupled to a power output shaft of a diesel engine. A speed sensor and a vibration sensor are coupled to the rotor for providing output signals representative of instantaneous rotational velocity and instantaneous amplitude of vibrational motion of the rotor, respectively. In the inventive method, the rotor is accelerated to a first preselected rotational velocity and a first rotor unbalance is determined from the velocity and vibration signals. The rotor is then accelerated to a second preselected rotational velocity and a second rotor unbalance is determined. The first and the second rotor unbalance determinations are combined to identify a first correction weight and position thereof for minimizing the first and the second rotor unbalance. The identified weight is installed and the process repeated until the unbalance is corrected such that vibration is less than a preselected maximum value.
Abstract:
An NMR system acquires data for producing an image using a spin-warp burst excitation pulse sequence. RF phase and flip-angle of each RF excitation pulse in the burst is separately controlled to maximize the SNR of the corresponding set of acquired NMR echo signals. The phase and amplitude of each acquired NMR echo signal is adjusted by an amount determined by its corresponding excitation pulse before being used for image reconstruction.
Abstract:
A voltage-doubler rectifier includes an ac full-bridge diode rectifier and a dc-to-dc converter having two output boost circuits. One of the output boost circuits is coupled between the rectifier and a dc link, and the other output boost circuit is coupled, with opposite polarity, between the rectifier and the circuit common. Two series-connected filter capacitors are also coupled between the dc link and the circuit common. In a preferred embodiment, the two output boost circuits each comprise either a series, parallel, or combination series/parallel resonant circuit and a rectifier. A switch is coupled between the junction joining one pair of diodes of the rectifier and the junction joining the two filter capacitors. For a relatively high ac line voltage, the switch is open, and the circuit operates in a low boost mode. For a relatively low ac line voltage, the switch is closed, and the circuit operates in a high boost, or voltage-doubling, mode.
Abstract:
Apparatus for encoding/decoding an HDTV signal for e.g., terrestrial transmission includes a compression circuit (10) responsive to high definition video source signals for providing hierarchically layered codewords CW representing compressed video data and associated codewords T, defining the types of data represented by the codewords CW. A priority selection circuit (11), responsive to the codewords CW and T, parses the codewords CW into high and low priority codeword sequences wherein the high and low priority codeword sequences correspond to compressed video data of relatively greater and lesser importance to image reproduction respectively. A transport processor (12), responsive to the high and low priority codeword sequences, forms high and low priority transport blocks of high and low priority codewords respectively. Each transport block includes a header, codewords CW and error detection check bits. The respective transport blocks are applied to a forward error check circuit (15, 16) for applying additional error check data. Thereafter the high and low priority data are applied to a modem (17) wherein they quadrature amplitude modulate respective carriers for transmission.
Abstract:
A steam separator for a boiling water reactor includes a pressure vessel and a chimney spaced radially inwardly therefrom to define a downcomer therebetween for recirculating water, the chimney being disposed above a reactor core for channeling upwardly therefrom steam voids and water flow. An annular partition wall is spaced radially between the vessel and the chimney to define an annular collection chamber having an inlet for receiving a portion of the steam voids and water flow from the chimney, a steam outlet for discharging the steam voids from the chamber, and a flow outlet for discharging the water flow from the chamber into the downcomer.
Abstract:
A Gifford-McMahon cryorefrigerator is modified by using opposed sub-displacers which are sinusoidally reciprocated in opposite directions with respect to one another such that the force vectors of inertia created by the movement of the sub-displacers are cancelled out. The cancelling out of the force vectors should substantially reduce adverse effects associated with displacer banging.
Abstract:
A thermoplastic blend for molding articles with resistance to environmental stress cracking and with good melt flow properties comprises a polyphenylene ether resin having a low intrinsic viscosity and a polystyrene resin having a high intrinsic viscosity. The composition can further contain an impact modifier and/or a flame retardant.
Abstract:
An NMR system performs in vivo localized NMR spectroscopy. A two-dimensional selective RF excitation pulse is used to localize to a cylindrical region of interest, and either phase encoding or slice selective inversion is used to localize to a disk in the cylindrical region of interest. The two-dimensional selective RF excitation is performed in a series of pulse sequences rather than a single pulse sequence, and the resulting series of acquired NMR signals are summed together to substantially cancel signal contributions from outside the cylindrical region of interest.
Abstract:
A rotating electric machine (10) includes a housing (12) having a first inlet (28) at one end (29) for admitting ventilation air for cooling the machine (10) and a second inlet (30) at the other end (31) which also admits cooling air into the machine (10). A fan (22) located at one end (31) of the housing (12) draws air into the housing (12) through the first (28) and second (30) inlets, and forces it out of the housing (12) through a single outlet (32) located near one end (31) of the housing (12). Air entering the second inlet (30) passes through openings (37) in the fan carrier (24), cooling isolated areas (38) of the rotor (20) and flowing through the fan blades (26) with the air which enters through the first inlet (28).