公开(公告)号：US4685380A

公开(公告)日：1987-08-11

申请号：US429649

申请日：1982-09-30

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F01B1/06 ,  F01B13/06

CPC classification number: F01B1/0603

Abstract: The former art provides multi stroke hydrostatic motors, which perform at a single revolution of the rotor multiple inward and outward strokes of the pistons. A high torque was thereby obtained. The invention discovers, that the known multi stroke motors are still too heavy, obtain small overall efficiencies and their power per size and weight is limited because the known motors failed to provide means to carry the tangential loads by fluid pressure power. The invention increases the power and efficiency of multiple stroke motors by the provisions of control means to control the flow of fluid pressure into pockets open to the piston faces and cylinder walls, whereby the torque of the rotor is transferred from the pistons to the cylinder walls by pressure in fluid in the pockets. The invention also provides means to enlarge the stroke of the pistons in a given size and weight of the device. The fluid pressure pockets make high pressures possible and the angles of inclination of the guide faces can be increased. The torque of the device of a given size becomes multiplied and the efficiency of the device increases by the application of the provisons of the invention.

Abstract translation: 前一种技术提供多冲程静液压马达，其在转子的单次旋转中执行多个活塞的向内和向外冲程。 由此获得高扭矩。 本发明发现，已知的多冲程电动机仍然太重，获得小的整体效率，并且由于已知的电动机不能提供通过流体压力传递切向负载的装置，所以每个尺寸和重量的功率受到限制。 本发明通过控制装置的设置来提高多行程电动机的功率和效率，以控制流体压力进入到活塞面和气缸壁的开口的口袋中，由此转子的转矩从活塞转移到气缸壁 通过口袋中的流体的压力。 本发明还提供了用于在给定尺寸和重量的装置中扩大活塞的冲程的装置。 流体压力袋可以产生高压，并且可以增加引导面的倾斜角度。 给定尺寸的装置的扭矩变得相乘，并且通过应用本发明的条件，装置的效率增加。

公开(公告)号：US4630528A

公开(公告)日：1986-12-23

申请号：US619958

申请日：1984-06-12

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F04B1/20 ,  F01B13/06 ,  B60T11/00 ,  F16D11/06

CPC classification number: F04B1/20 ,  B64C2700/6281 ,  F02F2200/04 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2201/046

Abstract: In a vehicle or device a fluid motor is employed to drive rotary members, such as wheels, propellers, tracks. The motor is provided with an arrangement which includes a control means and an axially moveable member. By utilizing the control means, for example, by a flow of fluid, the axially moveable member is used to apply an action, which is not common to the usual operation of fluid motors. The arrangement may be used to arrest the rotor of the motor from rotation when no pressure is in the driving fluid line. It may also be used to control the pitch of propellers with variable pitch arrangements. Also possible is to use the arrangement to automatically obtain an auto-rotation of rotor blades on vertical axes of vertically take off and landing vehicles, when the pressure in the fluid line to the motors for driving the motors drops below a predetermined minimum of pressure. The specific detail of the present invention is to provide on the interior of the front portion of a fluid motor a wave-configuration with valleys and hills and to locate between the rotor and the wave configuration a partially complementary configurated plate which is subjected to a piston in the rotor while the piston in the rotor is subjected on one axial end to the force of a spring and on the other axial end to the pressure in the fluid in the motor whereby the mentioned plate arrests the rotor into the mentioned wave configuration when no pressure is in the fluid in the motor and disarrests the rotor when fluid under pressure acts in the rotor of the motor.

Abstract translation: 在车辆或设备中，使用流体马达来驱动旋转构件，例如轮子，螺旋桨，轨道。 马达设置有包括控制装置和可轴向移动的构件的装置。 通过利用控制装置，例如通过流体流动，可轴向移动的构件用于施加动作，这对于流体马达的通常操作是不常见的。 当驱动流体管线中没有压力时，该装置可用于阻止马达的转子旋转。 它也可用于控制具有可变节距排列的螺旋桨的桨距。 还有可能的是，当驱动马达的流体管线中的压力下降到预定的最小压力以下时，使用该装置可自动获得垂直起降车辆的垂直轴上的转子叶片的自动旋转。 本发明的具体细节是在流体马达的前部的内部提供具有谷和丘的波形，并且在转子和波形之间设置经受活塞的部分互补的构造板 在转子中，转子中的活塞在一个轴向端部受到弹簧的力的影响，而在另一个轴向端受到电动机中的流体中的压力的​​影响，由此上述的板将转子停止在上述的波形结构中，当没有 压力在电机中的流体中，当压力下的流体作用在电动机的转子中时，转子会使其转动。

公开(公告)号：US4624174A

公开(公告)日：1986-11-25

申请号：US601392

申请日：1984-04-17

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F01B1/06 ,  F01B1/00

CPC classification number: F01B1/0603

Abstract: The former art provides multi stroke hydrostatic motors, which perform at a single revolution of the rotor multiple inward and outward strokes of the pistons. A high torque was thereby obtained. The invention discovers, that the known multi stroke motors are still too heavy, obtain small overall efficiencies and their power per size and weight is limited because the known motors failed to provide means to carry the tangential loads by fluid pressure power. The invention increases the power and efficiency of multiple stroke motors by the provisions of control means to control the flow of fluid pressure into pockets open to the piston faces and cylinder walls, whereby the torque of the rotor is transferred from the pistons to the cylinder walls by pressure in fluid in the pockets. The torque for rotating the rotor is produced by the high pressure fluid pressing each piston outwardly against the multi lobed cam and the torque is transferred from the piston's roller to the wall of the cylinder by means of a fluid pressure pocket in the respective piston. The invention also provides means to enlarge the stroke of the pistons in a given size and weight of the device. The fluid pressure pockets make high pressures possible and the angles of inclination of the guide faces can be increased. The torque of the device of a given size becomes multiplied and the efficiency of the device increases by the application of the provisions of the invention.

Abstract translation: 前一种技术提供多冲程静液压马达，其在转子的单次旋转中执行多个活塞的向内和向外冲程。 由此获得高扭矩。 本发明发现，已知的多冲程电动机仍然太重，获得小的整体效率，并且由于已知的电动机不能提供通过流体压力传递切向负载的装置，所以每个尺寸和重量的功率受到限制。 本发明通过控制装置的设置来提高多行程电动机的功率和效率，以控制流体压力进入到活塞面和气缸壁的开口的口袋中，由此转子的转矩从活塞转移到气缸壁 通过口袋中的流体的压力。 用于旋转转子的扭矩通过高压流体将每个活塞向外压靠在多叶凸轮上产生，并且扭矩通过相应活塞中的流体压力袋从活塞的辊传递到气缸的壁。 本发明还提供了用于在给定尺寸和重量的装置中扩大活塞的冲程的装置。 流体压力袋可以产生高压，并且可以增加引导面的倾斜角度。 通过应用本发明的规定，给定尺寸的装置的扭矩增加，并且装置的效率增加。

公开(公告)号：US4562796A

公开(公告)日：1986-01-07

申请号：US348633

申请日：1982-02-16

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F01L1/30 ,  F01L7/02 ,  F02B75/02

CPC classification number: F01L7/026 ,  F01L1/30 ,  F02B2075/025 ,  F02B2075/027

Abstract: A reciprocating combustion engine is improved by a cycle which applies outlet slots at the bottom of the cylinders, through which the exhaust gases exit to pass into a charger drive unit, while the charger drive unit drives a charger which delivers air or mixture over inlet valve means into the cylinder. The charging is also used to drive the exhaust gases out of the cylinder. Four cycle engines can thereby made up to two-stroke engines with super-charging. Outlet valves and heat on them as in typical four-stroke engines are spared. Flow areas into and out of the cylinder are increased and so is the power of the engine. A charger-arrangement provides a plurality of flow streams to super-charge the cylinders, to cool the valve head and to cool the valves. The head of the piston has a configuration relative to the valve head for preventing dead space and respective losses.

Abstract translation: 往复式内燃机通过一个循环来改善，该循环在气缸的底部施加出口槽，排气通过该排气口进入充电器驱动单元，同时充电器驱动单元驱动充气器，该充电器将空气或混合物输送到入口阀 意味着进入气缸。 充电也用于将废气驱出气缸。 因此，四冲程发动机可以由具有超级充电的二冲程发动机构成。 在典型的四冲程发动机中，出口阀和热量都可以省去。 进出气缸的流动区域增加，发动机的功率也增加。 充电器布置提供多个流动流以对气缸进行超充电，以冷却阀头并冷却阀。 活塞的头部具有相对于阀头的构造，用于防止死空间和相应的损失。

公开(公告)号：US4489641A

公开(公告)日：1984-12-25

申请号：US232746

申请日：1981-02-09

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F04B1/20 ,  F01B13/06

CPC classification number: F04B1/20 ,  F05C2201/0448

Abstract: A bush assembly is inserted into the rotor hub around a cylindrical control body which is partially extending into the bush to fill the interior of the bush. In such devices, where fluid flows through the control body and the working chambers in the rotor of the machine, leakage escaped through the clearance between the control body and the rotor. Due to the novel bush assembly the respective high pressure is led through passages which extend half way around the bush into recesses diametrically located in the bush. There the pressure is utilized to press respective seal-portions towards the control body to at least partially seal the escape of leakage, while maintaining a radial pressure balance between the control body and the bush.

Abstract translation: 衬套组件围绕圆柱形控制体插入转子毂中，圆柱形控制体部分地延伸到衬套中以填充衬套的内部。 在流体流过机器转子中的控制体和工作室的这种装置中，泄漏通过控制体和转子之间的间隙逃逸。 由于新颖的衬套组件，相应的高压被引导通过通道，这些通道围绕衬套延伸到径向位于衬套中的凹槽中。 在此压力被用来将相应的密封部分朝向控制体压入以至少部分地密封泄漏的泄漏，同时保持控制体和衬套之间的径向压力平衡。

公开(公告)号：US4488692A

公开(公告)日：1984-12-18

申请号：US330751

申请日：1981-12-14

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: B64C11/28 ,  B64C27/04 ,  B64C27/12 ,  B64C29/00 ,  B64D31/14 ,  B64D35/00 ,  F02B75/02 ,  B64D31/00

CPC classification number: B64D35/00 ,  B64C11/28 ,  B64C27/12 ,  B64C29/00 ,  B64D31/14 ,  B64C2700/6281 ,  F02B2075/025

Abstract: A vehicle like an aircraft or ship uses multiple propeller pairs to drive the vehicle. One propeller of each pair is located on one side of the vehicle and the other propeller of the same propeller pair on the other side of the vehicle. The propellers of each pair may revolve in opposite directions. A hydraulic transmission transfers the power from the power plant to the propellers, which are driven by hydraulic fluid motors of the transmission. The transmission forces each propeller of the same pair of propellers to revolve with equal rotary velocity relatively to the other propeller of the same pair. Propellers of different pairs have different pitches or sizes. Thereby the propellers use different powers at different speeds of the vehicle. Since the power plant drives a common transmission, the power supply to one of the pairs varies compared to the power supply to the other pair, when the vehicle travels at another speed. The variation of the rate of power supplied to the different propeller pairs varies automatically in such a way that the vehicle runs at different speeds with good efficiency because each propeller pair receives a suitable portion of power at the respective speed of the vehicle.

Abstract translation: 像飞机或船舶的车辆使用多个螺旋桨对驱动车辆。 每对的一个螺旋桨位于车辆的一侧，并且在车辆的另一侧上设置相同螺旋桨对的另一个螺旋桨。 每对的螺旋桨可以相反的方向旋转。 液压传动装置将来自发电厂的动力传递到由传动装置的液压马达驱动的螺旋桨。 传动装置迫使同一对螺旋桨的每个螺旋桨相对于同一对的另一个螺旋桨以相等的旋转速度旋转。 不同对的螺旋桨具有不同的间距或尺寸。 因此，螺旋桨在车辆的不同速度下使用不同的功率。 由于发电厂驱动公共变速器，当车辆以另一速度行驶时，与其中一对的电源相比，其中一对的电源变化。 供应给不同螺旋桨对的动力速率的变化以这样一种方式自动地变化，使得车辆以不同的速度以高效率运行，因为每个螺旋桨对在车辆的相应速度下接收适当的功率部分。

公开(公告)号：US4452411A

公开(公告)日：1984-06-05

申请号：US308202

申请日：1981-10-02

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: B64C29/00 ,  B64C39/00 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B75/02 ,  B64C3/56 ,  B64C3/38

CPC classification number: B64C39/00 ,  B64C29/00 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B2075/025

Abstract: A rotor having airfoil-section shaped blades is set into a fluid stream. Over a connection-or-transmission means a propeller is connected to the rotor. The fluid stream whereinto the rotor is set gives airflow energy to the rotor and revolves the rotor. The propeller is driven by the rotor over the connection-or transmission means. Since the propeller is revolved by the rotor in the fluid stream, the propeller provides a thrust. The thrust may be used to lift a weight or to drive a member. A suitable application of the arrangement is for example, to transform a multi-bladed helicopter into a gliding craft which descends under a gliding angle towards the surface of the earth, when the helicopter has a complete engine failure. Auto-rotation accidents can thereby become prevented. The device is also applicable to drive a vehicle or to lift a weight. Variable means can be applied to obtain variable thrusts in flying craft to improve their efficiencies or change from one flight-system to another flight system. In other embodiments several novel concepts for air-borne craft are provided which include emergency landing devices, retractable and extendable or relation-varifying devices for wings or propellers. Improvements are also proposed to engines and hydraulic devices to increase the power or efficiency, the lessen the weight per power output or to simplify the manufacturing and reduce the costs.

Abstract translation: 具有翼型截面形状的叶片的转子被设置成流体流。 通过连接或传输意味着螺旋桨连接到转子。 设置转子的流体流向转子提供气流能量并使转子旋转。 螺旋桨由转子通过连接或传动装置驱动。 由于螺旋桨由流体流中的转子旋转，螺旋桨提供推力。 该推力可用于提升重量或驱动一个构件。 例如，当直升机完全发动机故障时，该装置的适用应用是将多叶直升机变换成在滑翔角下方朝向地球表面下降的滑行艇。 从而可以防止自动转动事故。 该装置也适用于驾驶车辆或举重。 可以采用可变方式来获得飞行器中的可变推力，以提高其效率或从一个飞行系统改变到另一个飞行系统。 在其他实施例中，提供了几种用于空中飞行器的新颖概念，其包括用于机翼或螺旋桨的紧急着陆装置，可伸缩和可延伸的或关系变化的装置。 还提出了对发动机和液压装置的改进以提高功率或效率，减少每个功率输出的重量或简化制造并降低成本。

公开(公告)号：US4374486A

公开(公告)日：1983-02-22

申请号：US92791

申请日：1979-11-08

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F04B1/10 ,  F01B1/06 ,  F01C21/08 ,  F04B1/107 ,  F04B1/113 ,  F01B13/06 ,  C22C33/00

CPC classification number: F01C21/0881 ,  F01B1/0644

Abstract: In a radial piston pump, motor, transmission the deep diving or entering piston shoe is utilized and swingably borne in the pivot-bed of the radially reciprocating piston.Since deep diving piston shoes have large piston strokes, the shoes pivot in the pistons in large angles.Thereby a considerable force-portion of the load on the piston is transfered to the wall between the piston and the cylinder, whereby heretofore short pistons produced occasionally welding and sticking between the cylinder wall and the piston wall.The piston therefore receives radially extending portions, which may extend beyond the medial portions of the piston show and may even enter into the ring groove of the piston stroke actuator ring. Thereby a very long guidance of the piston on cylinder wall portions is obtained, which makes the application of effective pressure balancing pockets at correct location between piston wall and cylinder wall possible. An extended piston guide and friction--less travel of the piston in the cylinder without wearing or sticking is assured.

Abstract translation: 在径向活塞泵，马达，变速器中，深潜水或进入活塞鞋被利用并可摆动地承载在径向往复活塞的枢转床中。 由于深水潜水活塞鞋具有大的活塞冲程，因此鞋子在活塞中以大角度枢转。 因此，活塞上的负载的相当大的力部分被传递到活塞和气缸之间的壁，由此迄今为止，短的活塞偶尔地在气缸壁和活塞壁之间焊接和粘附。 因此，活塞接收径向延伸的部分，该部分可以延伸超过活塞的中间部分，甚至可以进入活塞行程致动器环的环形槽中。 从而可以获得活塞在气缸壁部分上的非常长的引导，这样可以在活塞壁和气缸壁之间的正确位置施加有效的压力平衡袋。 确保活塞在气缸中的延伸的活塞导向件和无摩擦的运动，而不会磨损或粘着。

公开(公告)号：US4037523A

公开(公告)日：1977-07-26

申请号：US528346

申请日：1974-11-29

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F01B1/06 ,  F01B1/00

CPC classification number: F01B1/0644

Abstract: A radial-piston machine has a rotor formed with a plurality of axially extending slots in each of whose bases is formed a piston-carrying radial cylinder. Each such piston is formed on its radially outer end with a part-spherical seat and a part-spherical portion of a respective piston shoe that rides on an eccentric cam in the housing is engageable in each seat. Each such piston shoe can move radially into and out of engagement with the respective piston. A pair of end members axially flank the piston shoes with play so that these shoes may also move axially relative to the rotor. The piston-engaging portions of the shoes are slightly narrower than the respective cross-slots so that angular free play is also present, and these portions are always engaged radially in the slots.

Abstract translation: 径向活塞机具有形成有多个轴向延伸的槽的转子，其中每个底座形成有活塞承载径向气缸。 每个这样的活塞在其径向外端部上形成有一个球形座，并且相应的活塞靴的部分球形部分可骑在壳体中的偏心凸轮上，该偏心凸轮可接合在每个座中。 每个这样的活塞鞋可以径向地移动进入和离开与相应的活塞接合。 一对端部构件在活塞鞋的作用下轴向地侧向，使得这些鞋也可以相对于转子轴向移动。 鞋的活塞接合部分比相应的十字槽略窄，使得角形自由的游隙也存在，并且这些部分总是径向地接合在槽中。

公开(公告)号：US4034651A

公开(公告)日：1977-07-12

申请号：US577338

申请日：1975-05-14

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F01B1/06 ,  F01B13/06

CPC classification number: F01B1/0644 ,  F01B13/062

Abstract: A fluid-operated radial piston machine has two rotors rotating at the same angular velocity, with a working rotor being formed with substantially radial working chambers having working fluid flowing therethrough and having pistons reciprocable in the working chambers. The other rotor is a bearing rotor. Connections members are interposed between the pistons and the bearings rotor and are pivotally seated in the bearing rotor as well as in the respective pistons. The bearing rotor has axially extending incompletely circular grooves receiving cylindrical heads on the connection members, and the inner ends of the connection members are formed with cylindrical or spherical bearing surfaces seating in the pistons. Fluid pressure chambers are formed on the various bearing surfaces to receive fluid under pressure to reduce friction.

Abstract translation: 流体操作的径向活塞机具有以相同的角速度旋转的两个转子，其中工作转子形成有基本上径向的工作室，其具有流过其中的工作流体并且具有可在工作室中往复运动的活塞。 另一个转子是轴承转子。 连接构件插入在活塞和轴承转子之间，并且枢转地安置在轴承转子中以及相应的活塞中。 轴承转子具有在连接构件上接收圆柱形头部的轴向延伸不完整的圆形槽，并且连接构件的内端形成有位于活塞中的圆柱形或球形承载表面。 流体压力室形成在各种轴承表面上以在压力下接收流体以减少摩擦。