Abstract:
A system and method for measuring the absolute postion of one body which is constrained to move with respect to another body includes a plurality of magnetic identification units, which are adapted to be mounted in a predetermined absolute postion on a first body. Each of the magnetic identification units has an identity characteristic that is associated therewith. A sensor having a transducer is adapted to be fixed to a second body. The transducer is adapted to sense (a) the relative distance of at least one of the magnetic identification units with respect to a benchmark location which is fixed relative to the transducer and the second body. It is also equipped to sense the identity characteristic of the sensed unit. A controller is provided to receive data representing the relative distance and identity characteristic of the sensed unit from the sensor. The controller identifies the sensed unit from the identity characteristic, recalls the predetermined absolute position of the sensed unit and determines an absolute position for the benchmark location by summing the predetermined absolute position of the sensed unit with the relative distance of the sensed unit to the benchmark position.
Abstract:
A roadway simulator restraint system (10) supports a vehicle (13) at each of its wheels (14) on simulated roadways (20) which comprise endless belts (52) suitably driven to cause wheel rotation. A plurality of passive links (71, 72, 85, 90) are provided for restraining the vehicle (13) in longitudinal, lateral, and way degrees of freedom, while permitting free motion in roll and pitch moments, and vertical directions. Additionnaly, the linkage (71, 72, 85, 90) can provide inputs in aerodynamic force directions to simulate responses to vehicle dynamics during actual operation. The individual roadways (20) that support the wheels (14) can be independently controlled as to speed, and can be turned. Suitable force measurements are made in desired axes to provide for a complete controlled simulation of vehicle operation on an actual roadway.
Abstract:
A displacement transducer (10) utilizes a torsional strain waveguide (20) having a magnetic member (17) that is adjustably positioned along the length of the waveguide, when an electrical current pulse is passed along the waveguide (20) and reaches the magnet (17) a torsional strain wave is created in the waveguide (20). The torsional strain wave will be reflected back toward a mounting end of the waveguide (20) where a converter (32) is positioned. A waveguide mounting block (25) supports the waveguide (20) at the mounting end, provides a reflection point for the torsional strain waves, and is precisely positioned a distance from the signal sensor (32) that is equal to distance traveled by the torsional strain wave in the waveguide during one-half of the signal lobe time period.
Abstract:
A vehicle restraint system (30) for testing vehicles (21) has vehicle restraint linkages (35, 75, 120) which couple to a vehicle (21) mounted on a simulated roadway (12) to provide restraint in selected axes and to permit freedom of movement in other axes in a manner that permits the vehicle (12) to react as it would when being driven over an actual roadway. The restraint system (30) is made to combine and limit lateral, longitudinal and yaw motions with a minimum effect on the handling properties in other axes of movement. The restraint system (30) includes selective, active servo positioning in the restrained axes so that the position of the vehicle (21) can be maintained so that the vehicle tires (24) are kept within a load support area of the simulated roadway (12) without substantially affecting the vehicle handling properties. The action of restraint linkages is through the center of gravity (25) of the vehicle (21). The three restrained axes are decoupled from each other so that the restraint in each axis does not substantially affect the other axes.
Abstract:
An extensometer support and counterbalance system (33, 38, 44, 46, 53, 55, 60) having vibration damping mountings (43A, 43B, 98, 156) for parts that have substantial mass and which are subjected to external vibrations. Such parts include counterweights (155A, 155B, 97A, 97B) for counterbalancing the extensometer and also the mounting (44, 46) for an external support frame (60) for the extensometer (53). The vibration damping comprises mountings made of a suitable damping material (43A, 43B, 98, 156), such as a silicone foam rubber (98).
Abstract:
A clamp (50) for use in testing machines to prestress a joint between a driving shaft (30) and a driven shaft (20), both of which carry portions (22, 32) which are externally threaded with each shaft having a flat surface (36, 38) abutting the other in a plane substantially perpendicular to the driving axis (16). The clamp (50) is internally threaded (52) to cooperate with the external threads (22, 32) and has bolts (54) which, when tightened, produce a force on the abutting surfaces (36, 38) to compressively preload the joint from forces on the flanks of the external threads (22, 32).
Abstract:
A rod end (10) has a split clamp housing (20), which supports a bearing (17) for transferring motion or loading forces from an actuator to another part to be loaded. An adjustable stop (30) for the clamp housing (20) is used to adjust the backlash of the bearing (17) used with the rod end (10) to a desired level without causing distortion. A spherical washer set (35) is used for transferring loads between the two clamp portions (22, 23). The clamp housing (20) for the bearing (17) is clamped against the spherical washer set (35) at a preselected loading so that the bearing (17) is able to rotate and swivel as needed, but backlash is removed.
Abstract:
A servo controlled test arrangement (15) for testing specimen (18) has both load and stroke control inputs that are coupled together with a gate (164) to permit tensile testing a specimen (18) while controlling the load on the specimen (18), and when the specimen yields, for safely and smoothly switching to stroke control to complete the test and break the specimen (18). Control over the velocity of the actuator is provided as the specimen (18) yields, and to prevent the specimen (18) from being placed into compression, and also to sense the specimen plastic deformation after it has yielded a desired amount, but before the stroke control function is activated.
Abstract:
A capacitive extensometer (70) utilizes an extensometer frame having a pair of arms (71, 72) connected together about a hinge axis (96) at first remote ends, and having second ends which include specimen contacting members (80) for engaging the surfaces of a specimen to be tested. A capacitive type sensing arrangement (83) is mounted on the arms, and is used with conventional circuitry for determining arm motion with respect to each other. The sensor is made so that it can be adjusted, and also can compensate for nonlinearities by utilizing differently shaped elements (90). The ability to mount and protect the capacitor sensor appropriately, while obtaining a relatively large output signal enhances the operability of the extensometer.
Abstract:
A support system (30, 31, 35, 40, 50, 60) provides a stable reference frame to support an extensometer assembly (25) that measures both axial and torsional strains in a specimen (13). The reference frame (30, 31, 35, 40, 50, 60) is made so that it will retain an optimal relationship between the specimen (13) and the test machine (10) which is used for loading the specimen. The reference frame is made so that it will not substantially change position in relationship to the specimen (13) during the specimen loading, or cross talk from one measurement axis to the other, while accomodating load frame deflections during the application of axial and torsional loads on the specimen (13).