Abstract:
Dispositif d'échauffement d'un fluide utilisable notamment dans un lanceur de fusée pour pressuriser un ergol liquéfié. Selon l'invention, ce dispositif comprend un premier brûleur (21) réalisant une première combustion entre un ergol limitant (L1) et un ergol en excès (E), et une première unité d'échangeur (10, 31) dans lequel des premiers gaz brûlés (B1) issus de ladite première combustion cèdent de la chaleur au fluide (F); il comprend en outre au moins un deuxième brûleur (22) dans lequel on injecte les premiers gaz brûlés (B1) d'une part et de l'ergol limitant (L2) d'autre part pour réaliser une deuxième combustion entre l'ergol limitant (L2) et au moins une partie de l'ergol en excès imbrûlé présent dans les premiers gaz brûlés (B1); les deuxièmes gaz brûlés (B2) issus de ladite deuxième combustion circulent dans une deuxième unité d'échangeur (10, 32) pour céder de la chaleur au fluide (F); les gaz brûlés (B1, B2) issus de chacune des combustions circulent dans des tubes pour gaz brûlés (31, 32) au sein d'un même échangeur global (10) composé desdites unités d'échangeur (10, 31, 32) dans lequel ils cèdent de la chaleur au fluide (F), ce dernier circulant entre les tubes pour gaz brûlés (31, 32).
Abstract:
Beschrieben wird eine Wärmekraftlanlage mit sequentieller Verbrennung und reduziertem CO 2 -Ausstoss, die folgende über jeweils wenigstens einen Strömungskanal (S) in Serie miteinander verbundene Komponenten aufweist: eine Verbrennungszuluft-Kompressoreinheit (1), eine erste Brennkammer (2), eine Hochdruckturbinenstufe (3), eine zweite Brennkammer (4) sowie eine Niederdruckturbinenstufe (5), wobie die zweite Brennkammer (4) und/oder die Niederdruckturbinenstufe (5) zu Kühlzwecken mit einem Kühlgasstrom versorgbar sind. Ferner wird ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer derartigen Wärmekraftanlage beschrieben. Die Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass eine Rezirkulationsleitung (6) vorgesehen ist, die wenigstens einen Teil eines aus der Niederdruckturbinenstufe (5) austretenden Abgasstroms einer Verdichtereinheit (7) zuführt, dass eine Kühlleitung (8) vorgesehen ist, die wenigstens einen Teil des aus der Verdichtereinheit (7) austretenden komprimierten Abgasstroms als Kühlsgasstrom der zweiten Brennkammer (4) und/oder der Niederdruckturbinenstufe (5) zu Kühlzwecken zuführt, und dass in der Kühlleitung (8) eine CO 2 -Abscheideenheit (9) vorgesehen ist, die zumindest Anteile von CO 2 aus dem Kühlgasstrom separiert.
Abstract:
The invention concerns a gas turbine combustion system, including a gas turbine. The gas turbine includes at least one compressor, at least one combustion chamber for generating working gas, wherein the combustion chamber connected to receive compressed air from the compressor, at least one turbine connected to receive working gas from the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber consists of an individual can-combustor or comprising a number of can-combustors arranged in an annular can-architecture, wherein the can-combustor having at least one premixed burner. The ignition of the mixture starts at the premixed burner outlet and the flame is stabilized in the region of the premixed burner outlet by means of a backflow zone. The can-combustor comprising a number of premixed burners arranged uniformly or divided at least in two groups within the can-combustor.
Abstract:
The invention concerns a gas turbine combustion system, including a gas turbine. The gas turbine includes at least one compressor, at least one combustion chamber for generating working gas, wherein the combustion chamber connected to receive compressed air from the compressor, at least one turbine connected to receive working gas from the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber consists of an individual can-combustor or comprising a number of can-combustors arranged in an annular can-architecture, wherein the can-combustor having at least one premixed burner. The ignition of the mixture starts at the premixed burner outlet and the flame is stabilized in the region of the premixed burner outlet by means of a backflow zone. The can-combustor comprising a number of premixed burners arranged uniformly or divided at least in two groups within the can-combustor.
Abstract:
An apparatus and method is presented for reducing mono nitrogen oxide emissions in a hydrocarbon processing furnace. A preferred embodiment hydrocarbon cracking furnace includes a firebox with a set of wall burners and a set of floor burners, the floor burners comprising secondary burner tips burning a fuel-rich mixture and positioned below primary burner tips burning a fuel-lean mixture. A portion of flue gases are recirculated from the primary burner combustion area to the secondary burner combustion area and back to the primary burner combustion area. The floor burners further comprise a set of steam injection ports that inject steam into a conical flow to contact flames at the primary burner tips, reducing flame temperature and thereby reducing thermal NOx. The steam injection ports are positioned in the firebox above the primary burner tips.
Abstract:
A thermal power plant with sequential combustion and reduced CO2 emissions is disclosed, which includes the following components, which are connected in series via in each case at least one flow passage (S): a combustion feed air compressor unit, a first combustion chamber, a high-pressure turbine stage, a second combustion chamber and a low-pressure turbine stage. The second combustion chamber and/or the low-pressure turbine stage can be supplied with a cooling gas stream for cooling purposes. A method for operating a thermal power plant of this type is also disclosed.
Abstract:
A combination of parallel processes is disclosed to provide optimal re-mediation operations for contaminated soil. Soils with high levels of heavy petroleum hydrocarbons are directed to a thermal process for destruction in a combustion process. Carbon dioxide generated and recovered in the thermal process is employed as a solvent in a solvent process to clean other soils of petroleum hydrocarbons and certain chlorinated hydrocarbon compounds. In the solvent process, contaminated soils are run through a closed soil separator where the soils are washed with carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide is then dried from the soil and the soil is sent for segregation. Soils with the lightest forms of hydrocarbon contamination (gasoline, etc.) are subjected to a vaporization process utilizing heat energy generated in the thermal process to heat the soil, under a partial vacuum, and the vapors generated are captured, condensed, and recovered as product.
Abstract:
A combination of parallel processes to provide optimal re-mediation operations for contaminated soil. Soils with high levels of heavy petroleum hydrocarbons are directed to a thermal process for destruction in a combustion process. Carbon dioxide generated and recovered in the thermal process is employed as a solvent in a solvent process to clean other soils of petroleum hydrocarbons and certain chlorinated hydrocarbon compounds. In the solvent process, contaminated soils are run through a closed soil separator where the soils are washed with carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide is then dried from the soil and the soil is sent for segregation. Soils with the lightest forms of hydrocarbon contamination (gasoline, etc.) are subjected to a vaporization process utilizing heat energy generated in the thermal process to heat the soil, under a partial vacuum, and the vapors generated are captured, condensed, and recovered as product.
Abstract:
A method of cleansing nitrogen oxide (NOx), hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) from waste gases, such as the waste gases or exhaust gases originating from burners and internal combustion engines. The waste gases, or exhaust gases, are passed through a catalyst for catalytic cleansing of the gases. The air-fuel ratio, or the lambda value (L), is reduced to a level below L=1. The gases are passed through a first catalyst and then through a second catalyst, to bring the CO-content of the gas in the first catalyst to a sufficiently high level and to reduce NOx to N2 to an extent such as to bring the NOx content down to a predetermined level. Sufficient oxygen (O2) is delivered to the gases at a point between the first and second catalysts to oxidize both CO and HC to CO2 and H2O to such an extent as to reduce the CO-content of the gas to a predetermined level. A gas burner to carry out the method is also disclosed.
Abstract:
Device for heating a fluid that can be used notably in a rocket launcher to pressurize a liquefied rocket fuel. According to the invention, this device comprises a first burner (21) that performs a first combustion between a limiting rocket fuel (L1) and an excess of rocket fuel (E), and a first exchanger unit (10, 31) in which first burnt gases (B1) emanating from said first combustion give up heat to the fluid (F); it further comprises at least one second burner (22) into which the first burnt gases (B1) on the one hand, and limiting rocket fuel (L2) on the other are injected in order to perform a second combustion between the limiting rocket fuel (L2) and at least some of the unburnt excess rocket fuel present in the first burnt gases (B1); the second burnt gases (B2) emanating from said second combustion flow through a second exchanger unit (10, 32) to give up heat to the fluid (F); the burnt gases (B1, B2) emanating from each of the combustions flow through tubes for burnt gases (31, 32) within the same overall exchanger (10) made up of said exchanger units (10, 31, 32) in which overall exchanger they give up heat to the fluid (F), this fluid flowing between the tubes for burnt gases (31, 32).