Abstract:
An integrated optical Mach-Zehnder interferometer has two arms (11, 12) having different geometric path lengths. A first arm 11 includes arcuate segments (113, 114, 115, 116) and linear segments (111, 112) and the second arm 12 includes a mirror image arcuate segment (123, 124, 125, 126) for each arcuate segment of the first arm 11 and the total length of the straight segments (121) of the second arm 12 is less than the total length of the straight segments (111, 112) of the first arm 11. The integrated optical Mach-Zehnder interferometer is used as a demultiplexer with a 2.times.2 coupler at the output and as a multiplexer with a reversed beam path. The phase difference of both arms is directly proportional to the difference of the geometric path lengths.
Abstract:
A wavemeter fabricated using integrated optics technology. A waveguide structure is formed in a substrate, the structure including signal and reference waveguides and means for coupling an optical input signal into both waveguides. Means are provided for varying the optical path length of the signal waveguide with respect to the reference waveguide in response to a control signal. Optical signals passing through the waveguides are coupled to a detection system that produces a feedback signal having a characteristic that is a function of the optical path length difference between the waveguides, and of the wavelength of the optical input signal. A control system receives the feedback signal and produces the control signal such that the feedback signal characteristic is driven towards a predetermined value. The control signal then provides a measure of the wavelength of the optical input signal.
Abstract:
A fuel control device, system using the device and method of making the same are provided, the device comprising a housing having a passage therethrough for interconnecting a fuel source with a main burner, a throttle valve unit disposed in the passage for throttling fuel flow through the passage to the burner, and a selector operatively interconnected to the throttle valve unit to operate the same, the throttle valve unit comprising a pair of members one of which is substantially stationary and the other of which is rotable relative to the one member, the one member having a face and having an aperture interrupting the face thereof and passing therethrough, the other member having a face disposed in sliding engagement with the face of the one member for controlling the efffective opening of the aperture for fuel flow therethrough, the selector being operatively interconnected to the other member to rotate the same relative to the one member and thereby control the flow of fuel through the passage, the other member having an opening interrupting the face thereof and being adapted to overlap the aperture in various positions therewith for controlling fuel flow therethrough, the other member comprising a plug valve member.
Abstract:
A fuel control device, system using the device and method of making the same are provided, the device comprising a housing having a passage therethrough for interconnecting a fuel source with a main burner, a throttle valve unit disposed in the passage for throttling fuel flow through the passage to the burner, and a selector operatively interconnected to the throttle valve unit to operate the same, the throttle valve unit comprising a pair of members one of which is substantially stationary and the other of which is rotatable relative to the one member, the one member having a face and having an aperture interrupting the face thereof and passing therethrough, the other member having a face disposed in sliding engagement with the face of the one member for controlling the effective opening of the aperture for fuel flow therethrough, the selector being operatively interconnected to the other member to rotate the same relative to the one member and thereby control the flow of fuel through the passage, the other member having an opening interrupting the face thereof and being adapted to overlap the aperture in various positions therewith for controlling fuel flow therethrough, the other member comprising a plug valve member.
Abstract:
Ein optischer Sensor (1) weist eine integriert optische Anordnung zur Messung des optischen Absorptionskoeffizienten und der Brechzahl flüssiger oder gasförmiger Medien auf. Dieser optische Sensor kann als Interferometer ausgebildet sein, wobei in einem Wellenleiter-Zweig (4b) ein sensitiver Bereich (6) vorgesehen ist. In diesem sensitiven Bereich ist der Wellenleiterabschnitt des Wellenleiter-Zweiges (4b) mit einer sensitiven Schicht (8) aus einem Heteropolysiloxan überdeckt. Die übrigen Wellenleiterabschnitte sind durch eine dielektrische Schicht (7) abgedeckt. Durch die sensitive Schicht (8) aus einem Heteropolysiloxan ist in vorteilhafterweise eine selektive Wechselwirkung mit dem nachzuweisenden Stoff ermöglicht. Unter dem Einfluß des nachzuweisenden Stoffes ändert die sensitive Schicht (8) ihre optischen Eigenschaften, die entsprechend ausgewertet werden. Der optische Sensor kann insbesondee auch dort eingesetzt werden, wo elektrische Sensoren problematisch sind, insbesondere in der Umgebung von starken elektromagnetischen Impulsen oder HF-Strahlung oder auch in explosionsgefährdeter Umgebung.
Abstract:
Sensor zum Stoffnachweis (u.a. Kohlenwasserstoffe) bestehend aus einem integriert optischen Interferometer (1) (Mach-Zehnder-Interferometer) mit einem Meßarm (11) und einem Vergleichsarm (12) in einem Wellenleitersubstrat, wobei auf den Wellenleiter im Bereich des Meßarms (11) als Superstrat (111) ein Polymer, z.B. Polysiloxan, aufgebracht ist, welches von dem nachzuweisenden Stoff durchdrungen werden kann. Quellverhalten, Gasaufnahme, Brechungsindex des Polymers, Dotierung mit Chromophoren oder Fluorophoren, Schichtdicke und -länge können für ein stoffselektives Verhalten angepaßt werden. Auf einem Chip parallel angeordnete Interferometer mit verschiedenen Superstraten und polychrome Messungen in Verbindung mit Verfahren der Mustererkennung sind weitere Selektionsmittel.
Abstract:
Un dispositif de commande de carburant comprend une unité à clapet d'étranglement (36) du courant de carburant fourni à un brûleur (35) fonctionnellement connecté à un sélécteur (37) qui commande ladite unité à clapet d'étranglement (36). L'unité à clapet d'étranglement comprend une paire d'organes (38, 39) dont le premier (38) est essentiellement stationnaire et comprend une face (40) percée d'un passage débouchant (41). L'autre organe, une soupape à boisseau rotatif (39), comprend une face (42) qui glisse sur la face (40) du premier organe (38) afin de commander l'ouverture effective du passage (41) à travers lequel s'écoule le carburant. Le sélecteur (37) est fonctionnellement connecté au deuxième organe (39) de façon à mettre celui-ci en rotation par rapport au premier organe (38) et à commander ainsi le courant de carburant. Le deuxième organe (39) comprend dans sa face (42) un passage (43) qui chevauche le passage (41) en différentes positions afin de commander le courant de carburant à travers les deux passages superposés.
Abstract:
La présente invention concerne un système interférométrique comprenant des moyens de séparation de polarisation (10), des premiers moyens de conversion de polarisation (1 1 ), un interféromètre (2) de type Mach-Zehnder comprenant un premier (4) et un second (5) bras reliés entre eux par une première (6) et une seconde (7) extrémités de manière à ce qu'un premier et un second faisceaux (20, 21 ) de même polarisation parcourent l'interféromètre de manière réciproque suivant des directions de propagation respectivement opposées pour former un premier et un second faisceaux interférométriques (22, 23), des seconds moyens de conversion de polarisation (1 1 ) pour obtenir un faisceau interférométrique converti en polarisation (24), des moyens de combinaison de polarisation (10) et des moyens de détection (8) aptes à détecter un faisceau de sortie (25).
Abstract:
The present invention is a diaphragm-fiber optic sensor (DFOS), interferometric sensor. This DFOS is based on the principles of Fabry-Perot and Michelson/Mach-Zehnder. The sensor is low cost and is designed with high efficiency, reliability, and Q-point stability, fabricated using MEMS (micro mechanic- electrical system) technology, and has demonstrated excellent performance. A DFOS according to the invention includes a cavity between two surfaces: a diaphragm made of silicon or other material with a rigid body (or boss) at the center and clamped along its edge, and the endface of a single mode optic fiber. By utilizing MEMS technology, the gap width between the diaphragm and the fiber endface is made accurately, ranging from 1 micron to 10 microns. To stabilize the Q-point of the DFOS when in use as an acoustic sensor, a system of microchannels is built in the structure of the diaphragm so that the pressure difference on two sides of the diaphragm is kept a constant, independent of the hydraulic pressure and/or low frequency noise when the device is inserted in liquid mediums.
Abstract:
A fuel control device comprises a throttle valve unit (36) for throttling fuel flow to a burner (35), and a selector (37) operatively interconnected to the throttling fuel flow to a burner (35), and a selector (37) operatively interconnected to the throttle valve unit (36) to operate the same. The throttle valve unit comprises a pair of members, (38, 39) one (38) of which is substantially stationary, having a face (40) and having an aperture (41) interrupting the face thereof and passing therethrough. The other member, which is a rotatable plug valve (39), has a face (42) disposed in sliding engagement with the face (40) of the one member (38) for controlling the effective opening of the aperture (41) for fuel flow therethrough. The selector (37) is operatively interconnected to the other member (39) to rotate the same relative to the one member (38) and thereby controls the flow of fuel. The other member (39) has an opening (43) interrupting the face (42) thereof and is adapted to overlap the aperture (41) in various positions therewith for controlling fuel flow therethrough.