Abstract:
Provided is a contact force measurement method and a contact force measurement device with which the contact force of a pantograph can be measured using image processing, even for pantographs with a structure that prevents the collector head and spring from being directly photographed. Images of a pantograph (100) are captured, a plurality of springs (102) is combined, and a virtually synthesized spring (1) is deemed to exist in the center of the pantograph (100) in the width direction. From the images, the partial relative displacement between the position corresponding to a collector head (101) in the center of the pantograph (100) in the width direction and a collector head support (104) is calculated. The elasticity of the virtually synthesized spring (1) is calculated by determining the difference between the relative displacement and the natural length of the virtually synthesized spring (1). The spring reaction force is determined by multiplying the spring constant of the virtually synthesized spring (1) by the elasticity, the lifting force action on the collector head is determined from the vehicle travel speed data when the images and time have been synthesized, and the spring reaction force, inertia force, and lifting force are then added to determine the contact force.
Abstract:
A flow velocity detector for detecting a flow velocity of a fluid flowing through a flow passage is provided, the flow velocity detector including a flow passage-forming section which defines the flow passage; a stress light-emitting section which is arranged at the flow passage-forming section to receive a stress having a magnitude depending on the flow velocity of the fluid and which emits a light of which amount corresponds to a change of the received stress; and a light-receiving sensor which receives the light emitted by the stress light-emitting section. The flow velocity of the fluid is detected based on an amount of the light received by the light-receiving sensor to generate a detection signal. Accordingly, the structure is simple and small-sized, and the flow velocity of the fluid can be detected at low cost.
Abstract:
Es wird eine Leiterplatte vorgeschlagen, die zusätzlich zu anderen Bauteilen oder ohne weitere Bauteile einen abgegrenzten und/oder definierten Sensorbereich aufweist, der zwar mit dem Rest der Leiterplatte verbunden ist, von dieser aber derart getrennt ist, dass er unabhängig von dem Rest der Leiterplatte mechanisch verformbar ist. Zur Messung des Grades der Verformung sind elektrische Bauteile vorgesehen, nämlich beispielsweise mindestens ein Widerstand, der mit dem Sensorbereich derart verbunden ist, dass er sich mit diesem zusammen mechanisch verformt. Der Widerstand besteht aus einem Material, dessen Widerstandswert von dem Grad seiner Verformung abhängig ist. Zur Messung dieses sich ändernden Widerstandswerts dient eine elektronische Schaltung, insbesondere eine Wheatstonebrücke. Der Widerstand wird in Dickschichttechnologie auf den sich verformenden Sensorbereich aufgedruckt. Es können Messmodule vorhanden sein, die mit der Leiterplatte definiert verbunden werden und die auf den Sensorbereich mechanisch einwirken. Auf diese Weise wird die Leiterplatte selbst Teil eines Sensors.
Abstract:
Apparatus (30) for detecting an external force applied to, for example, a robot hand, comprising an elastic member (A,B) deformable symmetrically with respect to the center (D), a first displacement-detecting means (40a,40b) for detecting displacements of the elastic member at positions symmetric with respect to the center in one direction, and a second displacement-detecting means (40e,40f) for detecting displacements of the elastic member at positions symmetric with respect to the center in the other directions.
Abstract:
Massen- und Kraftmesser mit einem Gestell, einem Lastträger und einem zwei Dynamometer, eine Referenzgröße und einen Krafteingang aufweisenden Meßsystem, bei welchem zwischen dem Lastträger und dem Gestell eine Lastfeder (16) und zwischen dem Lastträger und dem Krafteingang des Meßsystems eine schwächere Meßfeder (15) angeordnet sind, so daß diese Federn kraftuntersetzende Hebelwerke in Massenmeßgeräten teilweise oder ganz ersetzen und. falls erwünscht, auch zur Linearisierung von nichtlinearen Kennlinien über ein großes Spektrum von Funktionen dienen können.
Abstract:
Force plate (1) consisting of a plate-shaped carrier (2) which, when arranged vertically, has an upper carrier section (3) at the top in the vertical direction and a lower carrier section (4) at the bottom in the vertical direction, wherein at least one first end carrier section (5) is provided and is connected, on the one hand, to the upper carrier section (3) via a vertical rod (7) and, on the other hand, to the lower carrier section (4) via a spring element (6) which is oriented horizontally and has strain gauges (21), wherein that end of the lower carrier section (4) which faces away from the first end carrier section (5) is connected to the upper carrier section (3) via a horizontal rod (8).
Abstract:
The invention concerns a tensile testing sensor mounted on a mechanical member wherein forces to be measured develop comprising a deformable metal blade (1, 22) provided with measuring gauges (2, 23) implanted and positioned on the blade. Said blade (1, 22) is sensitive to mechanical tensile and compressive deformations sustained and transmitted via two bearing parts (4, 5, 20) coupled to the mechanical member wherein the forces develop. The sensor is equipped with a mechanically locking flange (31) placed during calibration between the bearing parts (4, 5, 20) and the sensor blade.