Abstract:
A converter control system for DC power transmission line performs the following operation. When the DC current flowing through an inverter decreases to a value being smaller than a rated current value by a value in excess of a predetermined value, a reference voltage value determining the DC voltage of the inverter decreases. The decrease of this reference voltage value is limited to a given extent, so that a partial constant current characteristic portion appears at the voltage decreased portion in the DC voltage/current characteristic of the inverter. Then, an automatic voltage regulator of the inverter is rendered always active.
Abstract:
An ion implanter employs two three gap rf accelerator stages to boost the implant energy after mass selection. The electrodes of the accelerator stages have slit-shaped apertures that accommodate high beam current, when the accelerator is in drift mode. By particular choice of the parameters of the accelerator, each stage of the accelerator produces accelerated ions having a relatively small energy spread, even though the acceptance range of the accelerator stage extends over a substantial phase angle of the applied rf voltage. The resulting accelerator is flexible, permitting a wide variation of output energies with good beam dynamics. Ion bunches from the first three gap stage are caused to have the correct flight time to reach the second stage for acceleration by adjusting the speed of the ions while maintaining the rf phase of the fields in the two stages locked to fixed values.