Abstract:
Process for the recovery of substantially pure adiponitrile (ADN) from a mixture of adiponitrile, aminocapronitrile and hexamthylenediamine, comprising two sequential distillations, the first of which involves distilling the mixture in a distillation column at a head pressure that causes at least 70 % of the ADN to go into the distillate, along with bishexamethylenetriamine (BHMT) and 2-cyanocyclopentylideneimine (CPI), and the second of which involves distilling the distillate in a second distillation column at a head pressure that causes the formation of a distillate comprising a minimum temperature azeotrope between ADN and BHMT and a bottoms product that is ADN substantially free of both BHMT and CPI.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for the making organic aldehyde compounds from an unsaturated compound by hydroformylation and in the presence of a catalyst system comprising a Group VIII metal and a bidentate phosphorus ligand having two trivalent phosphorus atoms bound to salicylanilide groups.
Abstract:
A melt extrusion spinneret plate has at least one non-circular capillary orifice for producing at least a single filament of circular cross-sectional shape. This non-circular cross-sectional shape of the extrusion capillary, when used to extrude filaments of circular cross-sectional shape, extends the spinneret wipe life by lessening the amount of thermal deposits, which extends the time between wipe cycles. As a result of increased wipe life, the productivity of the process is increased.
Abstract:
Process for hydrocyanating a substrate selected from 2-, 3-, or 4-pentenenitrile and/or 2-methyl-3-butenenitrile or mixtures thereof by contacting the substrate with HCN in the presence of a zero-valent nickel catalyst and a promoter that is obtained as a byproduct of titanium ore chlorination.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a process for hydrocyanation comprising reacting a nonconjugated, ethylenically unsaturated compound in a two phase process solvent with HCN in the presence of a Lewis acid promoter and a catalyst system comprising zero-valent nickel and an organic phosphorous containing ligand having the structure (PR2)nR' where n is an integer from 1 to 2, R and R' are organic residues which may be the same or different and where the R or R' contains at least one C9 to C40 aliphatic group positioned as a tail extending away from the primary ligand structure rendering the ligand lipophilic.
Abstract:
A composition and a process for using the composition in hydroformylation of unsaturated organic compounds are disclosed. The composition comprises a Group VIII metal and a phosphite-containing polymer having repeat units derived from (1) a carbonyl compound, a monomer, and phosphochloridite; (2) phosphorus trichloride, a polyhydric alcohol, and an aromatic diol; or (3) combinations of (1) and (2). The process comprises contacting an unsaturated compound, in the presence of the composition disclosed herein, with a fluid comprising hydrogen.
Abstract:
A process for forming solid particles comprising the steps of: combining in molten form a major component of a crystallizable condensation homopolymer and a minor component of a non-crystallizable condensation polymer, wherein the crystallizable condensation homopolymer and the non-crystallizable condensation polymer each have a degree of polymerization of 10 to less than 48 prior to the combining; mixing the combined crystallizable condensation homopolymer and non-crystallizable condensation polymer in molten form to form a mixture that comprises 10 to 30 mol% of the non-crystallizable condensation polymer; forming the mixture into droplets; exposing the droplets to a thermal environment which results in the bulk of the droplet reaching within 15 seconds a temperature within ±10 °C of the temperature at which the maximum rate of crystallization of the crystallizable condensation homopolymer occurs; and crystallizing at least a portion of the crystallizable condensation homopolymer in the mixture to form solid particles.
Abstract:
A carpet pad comprises a two-layer structure of a cushion and a barrier film formed of a synthetic polymeric material free of any fibrous substrate laminated thereto. The barrier film may be directly bonded to the cushion or bonded thereto using a layer of adhesive. The carpet pad is simultaneously impermeable to liquid deposited onto the pad from above the barrier film and permeable to moisture vapor at a moisture vapor transmission rate of at least 14.6 grams per square meter per twenty-four hours (14.6 g/m2/24 hours). The carpet pad is sufficiently durable to maintain liquid impermeability as measured by a Vetterman Drum Wear Test/Staining/Stain Cleaning Test after at least ten thousand cycles or under a pressure of at least eight pounds per square inch (0.56 kg per square meter) as measured by a Modified Mullen Bursting Strength Test.
Abstract:
This invention relates to stretchable nonwoven sheets prepared by substantially uniformly impregnating a necked nonwoven substrate with an elastomeric polymer by treatment with an elastomeric polymer solution. The nonwoven sheet is useful in the manufacture of diapers and other hygiene articles.