公开(公告)号：EP0335356A2

公开(公告)日：1989-10-04

申请号：EP89105501.4

申请日：1989-03-29

Applicant: NELLCOR INCORPORATED

Inventor： Stone, Robert T. ,  Briggs, Deborah A.

IPC: A61B5/00

CPC classification number: A61B5/14551 ,  A61B5/7207

Abstract: A method and apparatus for improving the calculation of oxygen saturation by non-invasive pulse oximeters during transient conditions. Tran­sient conditions introduce artifactual errors into the detected optical signal because of changes in transmittance of the light with localized blood volume changes and as the average background oxygen saturation level of the patient's blood changes. The invention relates to correcting the detected optical pulses by selective frequency filtering and compensating the detected optical signal using the filtered signal to provide accurate estimates of oxygen saturation during transient conditions.

Abstract translation: 一种用于在无创手术瞬态条件下提高的氧饱和度的由脉搏血氧仪的计算方法和装置。 瞬态条件引入人为误差引入检测光信号因为在具有局部血液量的变化的光的透射率和作为患者的血液变化平均背景氧饱和度的变化。 本发明涉及通过选择性频率滤波校正检测的光脉冲，并使用经滤波的信号在瞬态条件下提供的氧饱和度的准确估计补偿所检测到的光信号。

公开(公告)号：EP0102816A3

公开(公告)日：1985-08-28

申请号：EP83304939

申请日：1983-08-25

Applicant: NELLCOR INCORPORATED

Inventor： New, William, Jr. ,  Corenman, James E.

IPC: A61B05/02 ,  A61B05/00 ,  G01N21/25

CPC classification number: A61B5/14551 ,  A61B5/02416 ,  G01N21/3151

Abstract: @ A pulse oximeter is disclosed of the type wherein light of two different wavelengths is passed through human or animal body tissue, such as a finger, an ear, the nasal septum or the scalp, so as to be modulated by the pulsatile component of arterial blood therein, and thereby allowing indication of oxygen saturation. The level of incident light is continually adjusted for optimal detection of the pulsatile component, while permitting accommodation to variable attenuations due to skin color, flesh thickness and other invariants. At significant slope reversal of the pulsatile component to negative (indicating a wave maximum), wave form analysis of blood flow occurs. A quotient of the pulsatile component of light transmission over the constant component of light transmission is measured for each of two wave lengths by direct digital tracking. The respective quotients are thereafter converted to a ratio, which ratio may be thereafter fitted to a curve of independently derived of oxygen saturation. Calibration is disclosed by solving four unknowns at at least four differing saturations. An output of pulse rate, pulse flow and oxygen saturation is given. An incident light source duty cycle is chosen to be at least 1 in 4 so that noise, inevitably present in the signal, may be substantially eliminated and filtered. Provision is made for a local battery-driven low power consumption instrument capable of being substantially independent of ambient light noise.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种脉冲血氧计，其中两种不同波长的光通过诸如手指，耳朵，鼻中隔或头皮的人或动物体组织，以便被动脉血的脉动成分调制 从而允许氧饱和度的指示。 连续调整入射光的水平，以最佳地检测脉动分量，同时允许由于皮肤颜色，肉体厚度和其他不变量而调节可变衰减。 在显着斜率将脉动分量反转为负（表示波最大值）时，发生血流波形分析。 通过直接数字跟踪测量光传输的恒定分量上的光透射的脉动分量的商为两个波长中的每一个。 然后将各商商转换成一个比例，该比率之后可以适应于独立地衍生氧饱和度的曲线。 通过在至少四个不同饱和度下解决四个未知数来公开校准。 给出了脉搏率，脉冲流量和氧饱和度的输出。 选择入射光源占空比至少为1/4，使得不可避免地存在于信号中的噪声基本上可以被消除和滤波。 规定了本地电池驱动的低功耗仪器，其能够基本上独立于环境光噪声。

公开(公告)号：EP0665727A1

公开(公告)日：1995-08-09

申请号：EP93922730.0

申请日：1993-09-24

Applicant: NELLCOR INCORPORATED

Inventor： RICHARDSON, Charles, A. ,  BERNSTEIN, Michael ,  OKIKAWA, Jerry, K. ,  BENNETT, Terrence, R.

IPC: A61B5

CPC classification number: A61B5/14551 ,  A61B5/02416 ,  A61B5/7203

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for adapting to noise sources affecting a pulse oximeter. Various available frequencies are evaluated to determine their respective noise levels and one is selected to act as the operating demultiplexer frequency. During normal operation of the pulse oximeter, the various available demultiplexer frequencies are periodically scanned to determine which has the lowest associated noise. The noise level associated with the operating frequency is used to determine the signal-to-noise ratio of the pulse oximeter signals and thereby qualify certain signals from the pulse oximeter. Those pulses associated with a signal-to-noise ratio below a predetermined threshold are rejected and excluded from use in calculating blood oxygen saturation.

公开(公告)号：EP0619980A1

公开(公告)日：1994-10-19

申请号：EP93900415.6

申请日：1992-12-28

Applicant: NELLCOR INCORPORATED ,  CENTURY MEDICAL KABUSHIKI KAISHA ,  KABUSHIKIKAISHA MORITA SEISAKUSHO

Inventor： SAKAGUCHI, Yoshihiro, K.K. Morita Seisakusho ,  KAMISHIMA, Yoshio, K.K. Morita Seisakusho ,  NAKAMURA, Kenji, Century Medical K.K.

IPC: A61B5/02 ,  A61B5/044

CPC classification number: G09G3/14 ,  A61B5/00

Abstract: An object of the invention is to display target data in modes different from one another. Such an arrangement is adopted that a multi-color display section (1) capable of displaying in at least two colors is provided, and a color and a state (on/off) of a light are selected in accordance with examination and treatment data to be displayed. According to the present invention, by use of the combinations of a color and a state of the light, various data can be displayed in modes different from one another, so that displayed meanings and details can be identified at a glance.

Abstract translation: 本发明的目的是以不同的模式显示目标数据。 采用这样的结构，可以提供能够以至少两种颜色显示的多色显示部（1），并且根据检查和处理数据选择光的颜色和状态（开/关） 被显示。 根据本发明，通过使用光的颜色和状态的组合，可以以不同的模式显示各种数据，从而可以一目了然地识别显示的含义和细节。

公开(公告)号：EP0509310A3

公开(公告)日：1993-12-15

申请号：EP92105535.6

申请日：1992-03-31

Applicant: NELLCOR INCORPORATED

Inventor： Chung, Christopher ,  Johansson, Eric ,  Ritson, Carl ,  Mannheimer, Paul D. ,  McNamara, Helen M.

IPC: A61B5/00

CPC classification number: A61B5/1464 ,  A61B5/14542 ,  A61B5/6853 ,  A61B5/6885

Abstract: A sensor placement and retention mechanism for use with fetal sensor sites beyond the user's reach are disclosed. The preferred embodiment of this invention is a fetal pulse oximetry sensor (2,200) having an active face (4) through which a light source (6) and a light detector (8) operate. The sensor includes a handle (15) that facilitates placement of the active face at a sensor site in a preferred region beyond the transcervical region and beyond the reach of the user. A pair of electrodes (210,212)--one disposed against the fetus' skin (211) and one exposed to the amniotic fluid--are used to confirm that the sensor is firmly in place on the fetus. In an optional sensor retention feature, a self-inflating bladder (40) presses the active face of the sensor against the fetus' skin to optically couple the sensor with the tissue at the sensor site.

公开(公告)号：EP0512535A2

公开(公告)日：1992-11-11

申请号：EP92107695.6

申请日：1992-05-07

Applicant: NELLCOR INCORPORATED

Inventor： Culver, John A. ,  Flewelling, Ross F. ,  Farbarik, John M. ,  Stuart, Charles E. ,  Davenport, James M.

IPC: A61B5/083 ,  G01N21/35 ,  A61B5/00

CPC classification number: A61B5/0836 ,  G01N21/3504

Abstract: A CO₂ monitor which has a reusable portion and a disposable portion is disclosed. The disposable portion includes an airway sensor (4) for connecting between a ventilator output and an endotracheal tube. The airway sensor has ports (16,18) on opposite sides. In one port (16) a disposable infrared light source (20) is inserted with wire contacts extending to the exterior of the airway sensor body. The reusable portion is a detector module (6) which includes a detector (24) and an amplifier. The detector module attaches to the airway sensor so that the detector is disposed in the second port (18) and so that contacts in the detector module communicate with the wire contacts of the light source. The detector module may be removed from the airway sensor without removing the light source from the airway sensor.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种具有可重复使用部分和一次性部分的二氧化碳监视器。 一次性部分包括用于连接通气机输出和气管内管之间的气道传感器。 气道传感器在相对侧有端口。 在一个端口中，一次性红外光源被插入，电线触头延伸到气道传感器主体的外部。 可再利用部分是包括检测器和放大器的检测器模块。 检测器模块连接到气道传感器，使得检测器设置在第二端口中，使得检测器模块中的触点与光源的电线触点通信。 可以从气道传感器去除检测器模块，而不从气道传感器移除光源。

公开(公告)号：EP0509310A2

公开(公告)日：1992-10-21

申请号：EP92105535.6

申请日：1992-03-31

Applicant: NELLCOR INCORPORATED

Inventor： Chung, Christopher ,  Johansson, Eric ,  Ritson, Carl ,  Mannheimer, Paul D. ,  McNamara, Helen M.

IPC: A61B5/00

CPC classification number: A61B5/1464 ,  A61B5/14542 ,  A61B5/6853 ,  A61B5/6885

Abstract: A sensor placement and retention mechanism for use with fetal sensor sites beyond the user's reach are disclosed. The preferred embodiment of this invention is a fetal pulse oximetry sensor (2,200) having an active face (4) through which a light source (6) and a light detector (8) operate. The sensor includes a handle (15) that facilitates placement of the active face at a sensor site in a preferred region beyond the transcervical region and beyond the reach of the user. A pair of electrodes (210,212)--one disposed against the fetus' skin (211) and one exposed to the amniotic fluid--are used to confirm that the sensor is firmly in place on the fetus. In an optional sensor retention feature, a self-inflating bladder (40) presses the active face of the sensor against the fetus' skin to optically couple the sensor with the tissue at the sensor site.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于超出用户范围的胎儿传感器位置的传感器放置和保持机构。 本发明的优选实施方案是具有活性面的胎儿脉搏血氧饱和度传感器，光源和光检测器通过该活性面进行操作。 传感器包括手柄，其有助于将活动面放置在超过子宫颈区域并超出使用者可触及范围的优选区域中的传感器位置处。 一对电极 - 一个针对胎儿皮肤设置的电极和一个暴露于羊水的电极 - 用于确认传感器牢固地固定在胎儿上。 在可选的传感器保持特征中，自充气囊将传感器的活动面压在胎儿的皮肤上，以将传感器与传感器部位的组织光学耦合。

公开(公告)号：EP0466334A1

公开(公告)日：1992-01-15

申请号：EP91305279.1

申请日：1991-06-12

Applicant: NELLCOR INCORPORATED

Inventor： Etter, Jeffrey W.

IPC: A61M16/08 ,  G01N1/24

CPC classification number: A61M16/08 ,  A61M16/0463 ,  A61M16/0833 ,  A61M16/085 ,  A61M16/1065 ,  A61M25/0111 ,  A61M2205/7536 ,  G01N33/497 ,  Y10S128/26 ,  Y10S128/912

Abstract: A gas analyzer airway adapter (12) that permits insertion of a suction tube (22) into the patient without removal of the airway adapter (12) from the patient. The adapter body has three ports. A patient port (30) is formed in the main section of the adapter body and has a fitting that attaches to the endotracheal tube (10). A sample port (34) is formed in a smaller diameter passage extending from the main body and attaches to the sample intake of a gas analyzer (14). The central axis of the smaller diameter passage is preferably parallel to the central axis of the main body of the adapter (12). Finally, a ventilator port (32) is formed in a passage whose central axis extends at approximately a 31 degree angle from the central axis of the main body. A hub/filter (36) assembly is disposed in the smaller diameter passage of the airway adapter (12), and a longitudinal filter (36) extends into the main body of the adapter (12). A tube guide (42) is disposed below the filter (36) within the main body of the adapter (12). The purpose of the guide (42) is to protect the longitudinal filter (36) and to direct the movement of the suction tube (22) as discussed below.

Abstract translation: 一种气体分析器气道适配器（12），其允许将吸管（22）插入患者体内而不从患者移除气道适配器（12）。 适配器主体有三个端口。 患者口（30）形成在适配器主体的主要部分中并且具有附接到气管内管（10）的配件。 样品口（34）形成在从主体延伸的较小直径的通道中并附着到气体分析器（14）的样品进样口。 较小直径通道的中心轴线优选地平行于适配器（12）的主体的中心轴线。 最后，通风口（32）形成在中心轴线与主体的中心轴线大致成31度角的通道中。 轮毂/过滤器（36）组件设置在气道适配器（12）的较小直径通道中，并且纵向过滤器（36）延伸到适配器（12）的主体中。 管引导件（42）设置在适配器（12）的主体内的过滤器（36）的下方。 引导件（42）的目的是保护纵向过滤器（36）并引导吸管（22）的移动，如下所述。

公开(公告)号：EP0440741A1

公开(公告)日：1991-08-14

申请号：EP89912721.0

申请日：1989-10-27

Applicant: NELLCOR INCORPORATED

Inventor： GOODMAN, David, E. ,  WARRING, Jessica, A. ,  MANNHEIMER, Paul, D.

IPC: A61B5

CPC classification number: A61B5/1464 ,  A61B5/04485 ,  A61B5/14542 ,  A61B5/4362 ,  A61B5/6834

Abstract: Un appareil de mesure des caractéristiques de la circulation sanguine de foetus comprend une sonde oxymétrique non invasive (100; 700; 800; 900) de détection du pouls qui est insérée dans l'utérus, entre le foetus et la paroi utérine. La sonde est déformable et positivement fixée à la surface du tissu foetal au moyen d'une pompe à vide qui déforme la sonde, modifiant sa courbure initiale de façon à l'adapter à la courbure de la surface du tissu foetal et à former une liaison étanche (122; 712; 826; 922) avec la surface du tissu foetal. On insère manuellement la sonde dans l'utérus au moyen d'un outil d'insertion courbe (400). La forme de la sonde est telle que la sonde passe à travers un col légèrement dilaté. Dans un mode préférentiel de réalisation, la sonde comprend des capteurs électrocardiographiques (702, 720; 806, 802) de la mère et du foetus et des dispositifs additionnels de détection (704, 706, 818, 820). La sonde est également pourvue d'appareils (902, 904) qui améliorent l'efficacité des éléments optiques de détection oxymétrique du pouls.

公开(公告)号：EP0104771A3

公开(公告)日：1985-08-28

申请号：EP83304938

申请日：1983-08-25

Applicant: NELLCOR INCORPORATED

Inventor： New, William, Jr. ,  Corenman, James E.

IPC: A61B05/02 ,  A61B05/00 ,  G01N21/25

CPC classification number: A61B5/14551

Abstract: A pulse oximeter wherein light of two different wavelengths is passed through body tissue, such as a finger, an ear or the scalp, so as to be modulated by the pulsatile component of arterial blood therein and thereby indicate oxygen saturation. A tonal signal is emitted having a pitch proportional to the ratio of oxygen saturation and a sequential repetition proportional to pulse. A visual cue consisting of an array of strobed light emitting diodes is flashed having a total light output proportional to the magnitude of the pulse and a sequential flashing rate proportional to pulse rate. A systematic rejection of extraneous or irregular detected data prevents undue sounding of alarms.