Abstract:
The current embodiment describes a process of flowing an oxidant species over the reducing side of an oxygen transport membrane. O 2- anions are then continuously transported from the reducing side through the oxygen transport membrane to the oxidizing side where an organic compound is converted to a partially oxidized organic compound on the oxidizing side.
Abstract:
A horizontal sulfur condenser may include an exterior casing with a plurality of condenser tubes arranged longitudinally within the casing, a liquid sulfur reservoir at a longitudinal end within the exterior casing, and an internal baffle that protrudes into the liquid sulfur reservoir from the surface. The lowest of the plurality of condenser tubes is parallel to a wall of the exterior casing. A Claus process gas inlet is proximate a first end of the plurality of condenser tubes, which are arranged horizontally but are positioned vertically above the sulfur reservoir. A liquid sulfur outlet is located at the liquid sulfur surface. The baffle creates multiple chambers above the sulfur reservoir, such as a first chamber defined by the exterior casing and the baffle to receive condensed Claus sulfur in the liquid reservoir, and a second chamber defined by the exterior casing and the baffle to receive degassed liquid sulfur.
Abstract:
A process of producing a feed from a solid oxide electrolysis cell. A first portion of the flue gas produced from a combustion process is directed to the anode side of the solid oxide electrolysis cell. The feed and a second portion of the flue gas are then mixed to produce an enhanced feed. The enhanced feed is then mixed with fuel and combusted in the combustion process to produce flue gas. The flue gas comprises greater than 50 wt% CO 2 and less than 1 wt% N 2 .
Abstract:
The present disclosure relates generally to a biomass pyrolysis process wherein entrainment of char and other contaminants with the pyrolysis vapors is decreased as a direct consequence of the biomass feedstock comprising particles that are larger than a defined minimum diameter (>300 microns) and preferably less than 1250 microns. The biomass feedstock may optionally be compressed to form feedstock pellets that are larger than this defined minimum diameter.
Abstract:
Systems and methods relate to measuring ammonium bisulfide concentration in a fluid sample. The system includes an electrolytic conductivity cell, a temperature sensor and an analyzer. Logic of the analyzer determines the ammonium bisulfide concentration based on signals received from the conductivity cell and the temperature sensor that are coupled to monitor the fluid.
Abstract:
Methods and systems relate to upgrading light olefins, such as ethylene, propylene and butylenes, diluted in a gas mixture, such as refinery fuel gas. The upgrading yields products in a gasoline, distillate, lube oil or wax range without requiring purification or compression of the gas mixture prior to feeding the gas mixture to a reactor. In operation, the mixture contacts a solid oligimerization catalyst, such as silica supported chromium, within the reactor. This contact occurs at a first temperature suitable to produce oligomers that are formed of the olefins and adsorb on the catalyst in liquid or solid phases. Next, heating the catalyst to a second temperature higher the first temperature desorbs the oligomers that are recovered and separated into the products.
Abstract:
Methods for removing acid gases and recovering water from flue gas. A flue gas is introduced into a water spray tower and is cooled by direct contact with a sprayed aqueous stream to condense a portion of the water vapor in the flue gas. Acid gases present in the flue gas are absorbed into the aqueous mixture, and a chemical added to the stream facilitates conversion of absorbed acid gases. The aqueous stream leaving the spray tower is next treated to remove contaminants, such as carbonates and bicarbonates, thereby producing a cleaned aqueous stream that may be split into a stream that is cooled prior to reuse in the spray tower, as well as a stream that is fed back to the boiler.
Abstract:
Materials and processes for the conversion of carbohydrates and polyols to gasoline boiling range hydrocarbons. Carbohydrates and polyols are reacted in the presence of modified zeolite catalysts to form a reaction product containing non-aromatic and aromatic gasoline boiling range hydrocarbons.
Abstract:
A method of reacting (I) with (II) to produce (III). In this method Y1 and Y2 are independently selected from the group consisting of: H, Cl, Br, I, and combinations thereof. Additionally in this method M is selected from the group consisting of H, trialkylstannane, boronate, or ZnX, wherein X is Cl, Br, or I. Furthermore in this method Z is a divalent linking group selected from the group consisting of: (IV), (V), (VI), (VII), or (VIII). Lastly, in this method R1 is selected from: H, unsubstituted or substituted branched alkyls with 1 to 60 carbon atoms or unsubstituted or substituted linear alkyls with 1 to 60 carbon atoms.