公开(公告)号：WO2005089399A3

公开(公告)日：2006-01-26

申请号：PCT/US2005008803

申请日：2005-03-16

Applicant: BAKER HUGHES INC

Inventor： DIFOGGIO ROCCO

IPC: E21B43/00 ,  E21B49/08 ,  E21B47/08

CPC classification number: E21B49/08 ,  G01N33/2823 ,  H01J49/0422

Abstract: A formation fluid sample is exposed to a rigidly-supported semi-permeable membrane (309) such as silicone rubber to permit diffusion of gases and vapors from the formation fluid into a vacuum chamber (311), while at the same time, blocking the passage of any liquids. The membrane-transmitted gas is analyzed in the vacuum chamber by a residual gas analyze (317)r. An ion pump (319) or sorbent is associated with the evacuated chamber to maintain the vacuum. The ion pump or sorbent removes gases and vapors from the chamber that diffuse into the chamber from the reservoir sample that is on the opposite side of the semi-permeable membrane.

Abstract translation: 地层流体样品暴露于刚性支撑的半透膜（309）如硅橡胶以允许气体和蒸气从地层流体扩散到真空室（311）中，同时阻挡通道 的任何液体。 通过残留气体分析（317）r在真空室中分析膜透过气体。 离子泵（319）或吸附剂与真空室相关联以维持真空。 离子泵或吸附剂从腔室中吸收气体和蒸汽，这些气体和蒸汽从半渗透膜相反侧的储层样品扩散到室内。

公开(公告)号：WO03087788B1

公开(公告)日：2004-04-15

申请号：PCT/US0311095

申请日：2003-04-10

Applicant: BAKER HUGHES INC

Inventor： DIFOGGIO ROCCO ,  WALKOW ARNOLD M ,  BERGREN PAUL A

IPC: G01N1/00 ,  E21B47/10 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/41 ,  G01N21/55 ,  G01N21/43 ,  E21B49/10

CPC classification number: E21B47/102 ,  G01N21/03 ,  G01N21/3577 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G01N21/41 ,  G01N21/552

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus to distinguish between gas and liquid based on the much lower index of refraction of gas. It can also be used to monitor fluid sample clean up over time. The refractive index of a wellbore fluid is determined from the fraction, R, of light reflected off the interface between a transparent window that has a known refractive index and this fluid. Preferably, the refractive index is measured at some wavelength of light for which the fluid is not highly attenuating. However, the adjacent transmission spectrometer can be used to correct the refractive index measurement for attenuation at those wavelengths, which it monitors. Also, this reflection-based refractometer design can be used as an attenuated reflectance spectrometer at highly attenuating wavelengths.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了基于气体的低得多的折射率来区分气体和液体的方法和设备。 它也可以用来监测流体样本随时间的清理。 井眼流体的折射率由具有已知折射率的透明窗口与该流体之间的界面反射的光的分数R确定。 优选地，折射率是在流体不高度衰减的某个波长的光下测量的。 然而，相邻的透射光谱仪可以用来校正折射率测量，以测量它监测的那些波长的衰减。 而且，这种基于反射的折射计设计可以在高度衰减的波长下用作衰减反射光谱仪。

公开(公告)号：WO2016014796A3

公开(公告)日：2016-04-28

申请号：PCT/US2015041733

申请日：2015-07-23

Applicant: BAKER HUGHES INC

Inventor： DUCHENE AURELIE ,  DE BARROS ALESSANDRO ,  DOWNS HARTLEY ,  MOTTA EDUARDO ,  MACIEL POTIANI ,  CHANDRAN ASHWIN ,  SCOTT THOMAS ,  DIFOGGIO ROCCO ,  IONESCU TUDOR ,  DONZIER ERIC

IPC: E21B49/08 ,  E21B37/00 ,  E21B47/00

CPC classification number: E21B49/088 ,  E21B37/06 ,  E21B47/06 ,  E21B47/065 ,  E21B49/081 ,  E21B2049/085

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating an ambient environment at which inorganic scale will form in a downhole fluid includes a stress chamber disposed in a borehole in a production zone at a location within a specified range of maximum pressure and configured to receive a sample of the fluid from the production zone and to apply an ambient condition to the sample that causes the formation of inorganic scale. An inorganic scale sensor is configured to sense formation of inorganic scale within the chamber and an ambient environment sensor is configured to sense an ambient environment within the chamber at which the formation of inorganic scale occurs. The apparatus further includes a processor configured to receive measurement data from the inorganic scale sensor and the ambient environment sensor and to identify the ambient environment at which the formation of inorganic scale occurs.

Abstract translation: 一种用于估计在井下流体中将形成无机垢的周围环境的装置包括：应力室，其设置在生产区的钻孔中，位于指定的最大压力范围内的位置，并且构造成用于接收来自 生产区域，并对造成无机垢形成的样品施加环境条件。 无机垢传感器被配置为感测室内的无机垢的形成，并且环境环境传感器被配置为感测在室内形成无机垢的周围环境。 该装置还包括处理器，其被配置为从无机标尺传感器和周围环境传感器接收测量数据，并且识别发生无机垢的形成的周围环境。

公开(公告)号：WO2013074346A4

公开(公告)日：2013-07-11

申请号：PCT/US2012063850

申请日：2012-11-07

Applicant: BAKER HUGHES INC ,  DIFOGGIO ROCCO

Inventor： DIFOGGIO ROCCO

IPC: E21B10/46 ,  C22C19/00 ,  E21B43/11

CPC classification number: B22F5/10 ,  B22F7/08 ,  B22F2005/002 ,  C22C18/00 ,  C22C19/00 ,  C22C32/00 ,  E21B10/54 ,  Y10T29/49

Abstract: Downhole tools for use in wellbores in subterranean formations comprise a body comprising at least one anomalous strengthening material. Methods of forming downhole tools for use in wellbores in subterranean formations comprise forming a body comprising at least one anomalous strengthening material. Methods of using downhole tools in wellbores in subterranean formations comprise disposing a body comprising at least one anomalous strengthening material in a wellbore in a subterranean formation. The at least one anomalous strengthening material may be exposed to a temperature within the wellbore higher than a temperature at a surface of the subterranean formation and a yield strength of the at least one anomalous strengthening material may increase.

Abstract translation: 用于地下地层中的井筒中的井下工具包括一个至少一个异常强化材料的主体。 形成用于地下地层中的井筒中的井下工具的方法包括形成包括至少一种异常强化材料的主体。 在地层中的井眼中使用井下工具的方法包括将包括至少一种异常强化材料的主体设置在地层中的井眼中。 至少一个异常强化材料可能暴露于井筒内的温度高于地层表面的温度，并且至少一种异常强化材料的屈服强度可能增加。

公开(公告)号：WO2013003109A3

公开(公告)日：2013-07-11

申请号：PCT/US2012043065

申请日：2012-06-19

Applicant: BAKER HUGHES INC ,  DIFOGGIO ROCCO

Inventor： DIFOGGIO ROCCO

IPC: E21B47/10 ,  E21B43/12 ,  E21B47/00 ,  G01F1/56

CPC classification number: E21B47/1005 ,  G01F1/688 ,  G01F1/6888 ,  G01F1/7044 ,  G01F1/7084

Abstract: A method of measuring multiphase flow of components in a wellbore fluid mixture by selectively heating components (e.g. oil and water) in the flow with electromagnetic energy, and detecting the heated components at a known distance downstream. The flow and velocity of components in the flow stream can be estimated with the present method. Example types of electromagnetic waves include infrared, microwaves, and radio waves. The different components can be heated simultaneously or at different times. The heated components can be detected with one or more temperature probes, and oil wet or water wet probes can be used to improve thermal contact to the corresponding components in the fluid stream.

Abstract translation: 一种通过利用电磁能选择性地加热流中的成分（例如油和水）并且在下游已知距离处检测加热成分来测量井眼流体混合物中的成分的多相流的方法。 用本方法可以估计流动流中组分的流速和速度。 电磁波的示例类型包括红外线，微波和无线电波。 不同的部件可以同时加热或在不同的时间加热。 可以用一个或多个温度探针检测加热的组分，并且可以使用油湿或水湿探针来改善与流体流中的相应组分的热接触。

公开(公告)号：WO2012051190A3

公开(公告)日：2012-06-21

申请号：PCT/US2011055785

申请日：2011-10-11

Applicant: BAKER HUGHES INC ,  KUMAR SUNIL ,  CSUTAK SEBASTIAN ,  BERGREN PAUL A ,  DIFOGGIO ROCCO

Inventor： KUMAR SUNIL ,  CSUTAK SEBASTIAN ,  BERGREN PAUL A ,  DIFOGGIO ROCCO

IPC: G01V9/00 ,  E21B47/00 ,  G01N33/22 ,  G01N33/24

CPC classification number: E21B49/081 ,  E21B2049/085

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for estimating a hydrocarbon fluid parameter using a hydrocarbon fluid testing module. The method may include estimating a hydrocarbon fluid parameter value where a precipitate begins to form in a hydrocarbon fluid sample. The method may also include extracting a hydrocarbon fluid sample under pre-precipitate conditions; changing at least one hydrocarbon fluid parameter, generating information indicative of precipitate formation; and communicating the estimated value of the hydrocarbon fluid parameter at the precipitate formation point. The method may also include producing hydrocarbon fluid sample from a formation using the estimated value and a bubble point. The disclosure also includes an apparatus for implementing the method.

Abstract translation: 使用烃流体测试模块来估计烃流体参数的方法和设备。 该方法可以包括估计烃流体样本中开始形成沉淀的烃流体参数值。 该方法还可以包括在预沉淀条件下提取烃流体样品; 改变至少一种烃流体参数，产生指示沉淀物形成的信息; 以及在沉淀物形成点传送碳氢化合物流体参数的估计值。 该方法还可以包括使用估计值和泡点来从地层生产烃流体样品。 本公开还包括用于实现该方法的装置。

公开(公告)号：WO2012031216A3

公开(公告)日：2012-04-19

申请号：PCT/US2011050351

申请日：2011-09-02

Applicant: BAKER HUGHES INC ,  DIFOGGIO ROCCO ,  BERGREN PAUL A

Inventor： DIFOGGIO ROCCO ,  BERGREN PAUL A

IPC: G01V1/40 ,  G01V1/16 ,  H04R1/44

CPC classification number: G01V1/52 ,  G01V2001/526 ,  Y10T29/49826

Abstract: In one aspect, the disclosure provides an apparatus for use downhole that includes at least one acoustic sensor. In one aspect, the acoustic sensor includes a chamber and an active element comprised of a quantum tunneling composite in the chamber. In another aspect, the acoustic sensor may further include a pair of conductive layers on a pair of sides of the active element. The chamber is filled with an electrically non-conductive fluid. The active element may be placed in the chamber in a manner that causes the active element to be responsive to acoustic waves along a selected direction or in a manner that enables the active element to be non-directional.

Abstract translation: 在一个方面中，本公开提供了一种用于井下使用的装置，其包括至少一个声学传感器。 在一个方面，声学传感器包括腔室和由腔室中的量子隧穿复合物构成的有源元件。 另一方面，声传感器还可以包括在有源元件的一对侧面上的一对导电层。 该腔室填充有不导电流体。 有源元件可以以使得有源元件沿选定方向响应于声波的方式或以使得有源元件能够是非定向的方式放置在腔室中。

公开(公告)号：WO2011011512A3

公开(公告)日：2011-04-28

申请号：PCT/US2010042739

申请日：2010-07-21

Applicant: BAKER HUGHES INC ,  DIFOGGIO ROCCO

Inventor： DIFOGGIO ROCCO

IPC: G01V3/30 ,  E21B47/00 ,  G01V3/18

CPC classification number: G01N33/2823 ,  E21B49/10 ,  G01N21/1702 ,  G01N29/036 ,  G01N29/222 ,  G01N29/2418 ,  G01N2291/014 ,  G01N2291/0224 ,  G01N2291/0226

Abstract: An apparatus for characterizing a fluid property in a vessel may include a first member and a second member. The first member and the second member may be oriented at a non-zero angle. The second member may be responsive to the motion of the first member, and the first member may be acoustically coupled to the fluid by the vessel. Also, a method for characterizing the fluid includes using the response of the second member to estimate the fluid property.

Abstract translation: 用于表征容器中的流体特性的设备可以包括第一构件和第二构件。 第一构件和第二构件可以以非零角度取向。 第二构件可以响应于第一构件的运动，并且第一构件可以通过容器声学地耦合到流体。 而且，用于表征流体的方法包括使用第二构件的响应来估计流体性质。

公开(公告)号：WO2010102109A2

公开(公告)日：2010-09-10

申请号：PCT/US2010026212

申请日：2010-03-04

Applicant: BAKER HUGHES INC ,  DIFOGGIO ROCCO ,  PATTERSON DOUGLAS J ,  MOLZ ERIC B ,  KRUEGER VOLKER

Inventor： DIFOGGIO ROCCO ,  PATTERSON DOUGLAS J ,  MOLZ ERIC B ,  KRUEGER VOLKER

IPC: E21B47/10 ,  E21B47/12 ,  G01N29/024 ,  G01V1/44

CPC classification number: E21B47/101 ,  G01N29/024 ,  G01N29/028 ,  G01N29/4418 ,  G01N2291/02818 ,  G01N2291/02836 ,  G01N2291/045 ,  G01V1/44

Abstract: A stepped reflector on the outside of a bottomhole assembly produces two reflections in response to excitation of a transducer. The velocity of the fluid in the borehole is estimated using the two reflections. Alternatively, a change in the gas content of the borehole fluid is estimated from changes in the electrical impedance of a transducer in contact with the borehole fluid.

Abstract translation: 在井底组件的外侧的阶梯式反射器响应于换能器的激发而产生两次反射。 使用两次反射来估计钻孔中流体的速度。 或者，根据与井眼流体接触的换能器的电阻抗的变化来估计井眼流体的气体含量的变化。

公开(公告)号：WO2009117470A4

公开(公告)日：2010-02-18

申请号：PCT/US2009037480

申请日：2009-03-18

Applicant: BAKER HUGHES INC ,  DIFOGGIO ROCCO

Inventor： DIFOGGIO ROCCO

IPC: E21B47/06 ,  E21B49/08 ,  G01N1/14 ,  G01V1/40

CPC classification number: E21B49/10 ,  E21B49/081 ,  G01N1/14 ,  G01N9/002 ,  G01N9/24 ,  G01N29/024 ,  G01N29/227 ,  G01N2291/02818 ,  G01N2291/02872 ,  G01N2291/044

Abstract: Techniques for evaluating physical aspects of a formation fluid from within a wellbore include changing at least one of a pressure on and a temperature of a sample of the formation fluid and transmitting at least one acoustic pulse through the fluid sample and analyzing acoustic information collected. Apparatus and methods for the evaluating involve using at least one acoustic transducer. Analyzing typically involves use of formulae that relate equation(s) of state and other properties for the fluid to a change in the sound speed in the fluid.

Abstract translation: 用于从井筒内部评估地层流体的物理方面的技术包括改变地层流体样本的压力和温度中的至少一个，并且通过流体样本传送至少一个声脉冲并分析收集的声学信息。 用于评估的装置和方法包括使用至少一个声换能器。 分析通常涉及将流体的状态和其他性质的方程式与流体中的声速的变化相关联的公式的使用。