Abstract:
A paper machine drying apparatus is disclosed for drying a first and a second side of the web. The apparatus includes a first single tier drying section for drying only the first side of the web (12). The first drying section includes a first plurality of dryer cylinders (58, 63) for drying the first side of the web, and a first plurality of vacuum rolls disposed in close proximity between adjacent dryer cylinders of the first plurality of dryer cylinders. A second single tier drying section for drying only the second side of the web (12) in which the drying section includes a second plurality of dryer cylinders (94-99) for drying the second side of the web, such cylinders (94-99) being disposed immediately downstream relative to the first drying section. A second plurality of vacuum rolls are arranged such that each vacuum roll is disposed in close proximity between adjacent dryer cylinders of the second plurality of dryer cylinders (94-99). At least one of the vacuum rolls of the first and the second drying sections have a smaller diameter than the diameter of any of the dryer cylinders of the first and second drying sections, and the second drying section is a displaced downstream mirror image of the first drying section.
Abstract:
An apparatus (10) includes a forming section (12) for forming a web (W) from stock. The apparatus (10) also includes a press section (14) which is disposed downstream relative to the forming section (12) for removing a portion of water from the formed web (W). The press section (14) includes a suction pick-up roll (18) disposed downstream relative to the forming section (12) for picking up the formed web (W) from the forming section (12). A press felt (20) extends around the suction pick-up roll (18) such that in use of the apparatus (10), the formed web (W) is picked up from the forming section (12) and is supported by the press felt (20). An extended nip press (22) is disposed downstream relative to the pick-up means (16). The press (22) includes a rotatable backing roll (24) and a pressing shoe (26) which cooperates with the backing roll (24) for defining therebetween an elongate pressing section (28). A bearing blanket (30) movably extends through the pressing section (28) with the blanket (30) cooperating with the suction pick-up roll (18) such that the formed web (W) is transferred from the press felt (20) to the blanket (30). The apparatus (10) also includes a dryer section (32) which includes a rotatable dryer (34) having a heated surface (36) which cooperates with the blanket (30) such that the pressed web (W) is transferred from the blanket (30) to the heated surface (36) of the dryer (34). A dryer felt (38) extends around a portion (40) of the heated surface (36) which is disposed downstream relative to the blanket (30) such that the web (W) is sandwiched between the dryer felt (38) and the dryer (34).
Abstract:
A dryer section employs top-felted and bottom-felted dryer sections, each comprised of a single steam-heated drying cylinder with a diameter of about 12 feet. The web is transferred between drying cylinders by a two vacuum roll transfer without an open draw. The dryer fabric wrap on the large dryer cylinders is over 270 degrees resulting in large drying capability per dryer roll. Because each large dryer is followed by another large dryer roll which dries the opposite side of the web, uniformity of drying is maintained. Each dryer cylinder may have its own dryer fabric stretcher and guides. Alternatively, individual dryer fabrics service multiple top-felted dryers and bottom-felted dryers, respectively. The web is constrained approximately 96 percent of the time as it passes through the dryer section. The dryer section can achieve 2.9 inches of dryer surface in the machine direction for every inch of dryer section.
Abstract:
A bag breaking apparatus has an apron feeder type conveyor (21) with an apron constructed of overlapping pans (24). Thin upstanding triangular teeth (51) are mounted to each pan parallel to the direction of motion of the conveyor. Bags of trash (46) are supplied to the conveyor and progress to an outfeed end (52). A roll (54) is positioned over the conveyor near the outfeed end. The roll is driven about the axis (56) of the roll. Triangular teeth (60) mounted to the roll interdigitate with the teeth on the conveyor thus rending the bags which pass between the roll and the conveyor. The roll can be raised and lowered to accommodate bags of different sizes and is pivotable to swing upwardly when faced with oversized or excessive amounts of trash and thereby allow the material causing the jam to pass under the roll and off the outfeed end of the conveyor.
Abstract:
An improved high-consistency disc refiner employs a central ring or flinger nut (24). The radial vanes (44) mounted on the flinger nut are releasably mounted to the flinger nut base in which keyways (58) are milled. Matching keys (52) on the bottom of the flinger nut vanes (44) position the vanes in the keyways. The flinger nut vanes are held in position by bolts (64) which extend through bolt-holes (66) which are parallel to the axis or rotation of the rotor and which are threadedly engaged with the flinger nut base.
Abstract:
Two water jets cut a paper web (26) as it is led over a winder drive roll (36). The water jets are angled with respect to the cut so the water used in the cutting action is entirely directed onto the portion of the web which is severed. An adhesive material, for example an automatically applied tape (24), is introduced between the upper surface of the web (26) and a spool (28) for forming a new reel (32) of paper. The use of an adhesive causes the paper leader to engage with the spool (28), thus assuring a tight, uniform and consistent initiation of the web wrapped onto the new spool (28). An automatic tape applicator (22), similar to that used for taping cardboard boxes, may be used to insert a double-sided adhesive tape (24) onto the web (26) or into the nip (40) formed between the spool (28) and the winder drum (36).
Abstract:
In a cross cutting device for a winding machine having at least a first carrier roll (11) wrapped by the web (10) to be wound and a second carrier roll (12), both carrier rolls forming a winding bed for at least one roll (13) to be wound around a winding core (14), particularly for winding paper in form of one web (10) or several webs (10', 10", ...) in parallel, a cross cutting means to cut through the web (10, 10', 10", ...) after completion of a roll (13) is formed near the front end of a support beam (24) being conductible through a clearance gap (G) between a first and second carrier roll (11, 12) into a cutting position (51) of the cross cutting means which is located at or close to the surface of said first carrier roll (11). Said support beam (24) can be pressed by means of a finished wrapped roll (13) against said wrapped first carrier roll (11). The cross cutting device, further, comprises a clamping device (30) being conductible counter to the web running direction into the clamping position and there, overlapping the arriving web edge of the next roll to be wound, securely clamps said arriving web edge independently of the cross cutting means. Said cross cutting means being conductible back through the clearance gap (G) between said carrier rolls (11, 12) to its home position and after one or several new winding core or cores (14) has/have been loaded, said clamping device (30) being detachable from the web edge and being conductible back in the web running direction to its home position.
Abstract:
The invention describes a method of oxygen delignification of medium consistency pulp slurry, which includes the steps of providing a pulp slurry of from approximately ten percent to sixteen percent consistency, at a temperature of from approximately 170-240 DEG F, preferably from 190 to 220 DEG F, thoroughly impregnating the slurry with oxyen gas, and with alkali to bring the slurry to a pH of at least 11, more preferably 12, introducing the slurry to oxygen gas in a high shear mixer, for agitating mixing therein, reacting the slurry in a first pressurized reactor for between 5 to 10 minutes, returning the pH of the slurry to at least 11, more preferably 12, with a residual alkali concentration of at least 1.25 gpl, thoroughly impregnating the slurry with H2O2 and oxygen gas, and reacting the slurry in a second reactor for between 30 to 180 minutes. By only employing the hydrogen peroxide during the slower bleaching reaction, a lower Kappa number with higher % ISO is obtained in these beneficial characteristics being retained in subsequent processing steps.
Abstract translation:本发明描述了中等稠度浆浆的氧脱木质的方法,其包括在约170-240°F,优选190-220℃的温度下提供约10%至16%稠度的纸浆的步骤 DEG,用氧气充分浸渍浆料,并用碱使浆料达到至少11,更优选12的pH,在高剪切混合器中将浆料引入氧气中,搅拌混合,使浆料 在第一加压反应器中5至10分钟之间,将浆料的pH值返回至少11,更优选12,残余碱浓度至少为1.25gp1,用H 2 O 2和氧气彻底浸渍浆料,并使 该浆液在第二反应器中30至180分钟。 通过在较慢漂白反应期间仅使用过氧化氢,获得具有较高%ISO的较低卡伯值,这些有益特征在后续加工步骤中保留。
Abstract:
Air entrained within the pond of a coating applicator is influenced toward a designated region for removal. The region is formed by a recessed air collector which sets up a high-recirculation, low-pressure zone within the pond. Entrained air bubbles migrate to the collector. The collected air and excess coating is drawn out of the collector cavity by a plurality of perforations which discharge to a collection cavity at a lower pressure or partial vacuum. The collector structure may be employed in various coater/size press configurations.
Abstract:
A tissue dryer has a dryer roll which is externally heated by induction to raise the roll surface temperature to between 300-700 DEG F while allowing internal hydraulic crown support of the roll. The hydraulic support of the roll exerts pressures of between 1 000-10 000 pounds per linear inch. The drying performance of the dryer is enhanced by providing a prewarp of the web onto the hot roll just before the pressing nip. After the web transits the nip it is removed by a doctor blade which crepes the web. The web is fully restrained during the majority of the drying process thus requiring no adhesive sprays.