Abstract:
A nonlinear optical loop mirror device (10) having a distributed directional asymmetry. A dispersion decreasing optical fiber (20) is formed into a loop by an optical coupler (30) which divides input pulses into two component pulses that propagate around the loop in opposite directions, and which transmits and/or reflects returning component pulses in accordance with their relative phases. The parameters of the loop, such as its length, effective area, rate of change of dispersion, etc. are selected so that input pulses may be switched or transmitted in accordance with whether their widths or amplitudes are above or below predetermined threshold values.
Abstract:
The fiber-coating concentricity of a coated optical fiber is controlled by non-axisymmetrically heating the coating material in the sizing die with respect to the z-axis along which the fiber is drawn. By controlling the temperature profile and thus the viscosity profile of the coating material, the amount of coating material applied to each azimuthal position of the fiber is controlled as it exits the sizing die. The apparatus that provides the desired temperature profile can also be employed to control the coating diameter.
Abstract:
Methods for producing thin colloidal silica films on substrates, such as corona treated polystyrene, are provided. The dried films are characterized as 50 nm thick, high silanol, homogenous, high surface area, porous, uncracked, adherent, wetting, negatively charged, and gamma radiation stable. Several differential advantages of the colloidal silica films were demonstrated in epithelial cell culture, especially regarding primary cultures in serum free media. Cell responses to the films were increased explant adhesion, increased cell growth rate, and increased expression of differentiated function before and after subculture as compared to tissue culture polystyrene.
Abstract:
The invention concerns photochromic compounds having formula (I), where R is a polycyclic group formed by at least one alicyclic group linked to, bridged or condensed, with at least one other aliphatic and/or aromatic ring, which rings contain, optionally, at least one heteroatom and/or at least one unsaturation, R -R can have different meanings, A represents a (hetero)aromatic ring which can be substituted and n is a whole number. Preferably, R is an asymmetric bicyclic group such as a norbornyl group. Application to the production of photochromic articles of organic polymers, notably lenses.
Abstract:
A method of improving adherence of a metal film deposited directly on a silicate glass substrate for a display panel. The method comprises chemically treating the surface of the glass to alter its surface characteristics and thereby improve adhesion robustness of the metal film to the glass surface.
Abstract:
High precision image forming surfaces for printing applications such as, for example, gravure or typographic printing applications are formed by selectively growing or depositing metal or other materials onto a suitable substrate. In a preferred method, nickel metal is deposited by electroless deposition onto a low CTE substrate.
Abstract:
A laminated sheet includes a surface layer having an optical surface that is of fire-polished quality and a core layer having a higher modulus than the surface layer to increase an overall stiffness or fracture toughness of the laminated sheet.
Abstract:
An optical fiber (32) is drawn from a preform (22). As the fiber is being drawn, a permanent spin is imparted to it by moving one roller surface (64) relative to other surfaces (76, 78).
Abstract:
A coupling for an optical device that disperses wavelengths along a focal line includes reflective surfaces that fold light out of a plane propagation and into alignment with an array of inputs or outputs. Some of the reflective surfaces are offset from the focal line so that the inputs or outputs can be spaced closer together in a dimension along the focal line.