Abstract:
The present invention provides a method for the destruction of hazardous carbonaceous wastes comprising solids which comprises the steps of (a) gasifying said wastes and producing an intimate admixture of the gaseous products of said gasification with air, said admixture containing at least a stoichiometric amount of air, (b) passing said admixture to a plug flow combustion zone, and (c) effecting sustained and essentially complete combustion of said admixture under essentially adiabatic conditions to destroy said gaseous products and to form a combustion effluent of high thermal energy; said combustion being characterized by said admixture having an adiabatic flame temperature such that that actual flame temperature in the combustion zone is greater than about 1350 K.
Abstract:
A catalytic reactor for oxidation of carbonaceous fuels comprising an assembly of minilith catalytic elements having flow channels no longer than about three mm in length and spaced apart by monolith elements of greater channel diameter.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a method for the destruction of hazardous carbonaceous wastes comprising solids which comprises the steps of (a) gasifying said wastes and producing an intimate admixture of the gaseous products of said gasification with air, said admixture containing at least a stoichiometric amount of air, (b) passing said admixture to a plug flow combustion zone, and (c) effecting sustained and essentially complete combustion of said admixture under essentially adiabatic conditions to destroy said gaseous products and to form a combustion effluent of high thermal energy; said combustion being characterized by said admixture having an adiabatic flame temperature such that that actual flame temperature in the combustion zone is greater than about 1350 K.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method of operating a catalytic ignition internal combustion engine wherein the fuel is injected into a combustion chamber at a time near maximum compression such that at least part of the fuel impinges upon an oxidation catalyst surface comprising a portion of the wall of said combustion chamber, said catalytic surface being insulated from the surroundings external to the combustion chamber by a low thermal conductivity material, said catalytic surface preferably comprising platinum. Also disclosed are combustion chambers constructed specially for the use of this method and the methods of constructing them.
Abstract:
Naphtha containing from 40 to 60 percent naphthenes, 5 to 25 percent aromatics, 25 to 55 percent paraffins is reformed in a system including five serially arranged reactors having catalyst containing platinum and rhenium supported on a porous, solid base such as alumina. A defined manner of operation regarding reactor inlet temperatures and space velocities is disclosed.
Abstract:
A PROCESS FOR REFORMING NAPHTHENE AND PARAFFIN-CONTAINING HYDROCARBON FEEDS TO INCREASE THEIR AROMATIC CONTENT IS DISCLOSED WHICH INVOLVES THE USE OF A SERIES OF CATALYTIC REACTION ZONES OF WHICH ONE OF THE FIRST CONTAINS AN ALUMINA-SUPPORTED, PLATINUM GROUP METAL-CONTAINING CATALYST WHICH IS SUBSTANTIALLY DEVOID OF RHENIUM AND WHICH SERVES TO DEHYDROGENATE NAPHTHENES, AND ONE OF THE LAST OF WHICH ZONES CONTAINS AN ALUMINA-SUPPORTED, PLATINUM GROUP METAL AND RHENIUM-CONTAINING CATALYST WHICH SERVES TO DEHYDROCYCLIZE PARAFFINS.