Abstract:
Una membrana de separación polimérica de resina de flúor que comprende: una capa que tiene una estructura reticular tridimensional; y una capa que tiene una estructura esférica, en la que la capa que tiene una estructura reticular tridimensional esencialmente no contiene macro-huecos con un diámetro de hueco de 5 μm o superior, y la membrana de separación polimérica de resina de flúor tiene un rendimiento de filtración representado por una tasa de eliminación del 80 % o superior de dextrano que tiene un peso molecular de 75.000 en la que la capa que tiene la estructura reticular tridimensional comprende una composición polimérica de resina de flúor que contiene éster de celulosa, y la relación de mezcla del éster de celulosa al polímero de resina de flúor es del 20 a 75 % en peso.
Abstract:
Provided is a method for producing a concentrated aqueous sugar solution using cellulose-containing biomass as a raw material, the method comprising (1) a step for hydrolyzing cellulose-containing biomass to produce an aqueous sugar solution, (2) a step for filtering the aqueous sugar solution obtained in (1) through a microfiltration membrane and/or an ultrafiltration membrane and recovering the aqueous sugar solution from the permeated side, and (3) a step for filtering the aqueous sugar solution obtained in (2) through a nanofiltration membrane and/or a reverse osmosis membrane and collecting the permeated water from the permeated side and an aqueous concentrated sugar solution from the non-permeated side, wherein at least a part of the permeated water of the nanofiltration membrane and/or the reverse osmosis membrane is used as wash water in steps (1) and/or (2), thereby conserving water.
Abstract:
The invention provides a polymer separation membrane that is excellent in separating characteristics, a permeating ability, a chemical strength (particularly chemical resistance) and a physical strength, and also excellent in a stain resistance, and a producing method therefor. The fluorinated resin-type polymer separation membrane includes a layer having a three-dimensional network structure, and a layer having a spherical structure, wherein the layer of three-dimensional network structure is formed by a fluorinated resin-type polymer composition containing a hydrophilic polymer, and the hydrophilic polymer is a substantially water-insoluble hydrophilic polymer containing at least one of a cellulose ester, an aliphatic vinyl ester, vinylpyrrolidone, ethylene oxide and propylene oxide as a polymerization component. The polymer separation membrane is applicable as a filtration membrane for water treatment, a battery separator, a charged membrane, a fuel cell membrane or a blood cleaning filtration membrane.
Abstract:
A fermentation inhibitor, which serves as an obstacle in at least one of the following steps, i.e., a step for producing a monosaccharide and/or an oligosaccharide of a pentose and/or a hexose by using a polysaccharide-based biomass as a starting material and a step for converting the monosaccharide and/or oligosaccharide thus obtained into a chemical via fermentation, is efficiently removed. A treatment for removing a fermentation inhibitor with the use of a separation membrane is performed in the step prior to the saccharification step and/or in the step prior to the fermentation step in at least one of the following steps, i.e., a step for producing a monosaccharide and/or an oligosaccharide of a pentose and/or a hexose by using a polysaccharide-based biomass as a starting material and a step for converting the monosaccharide and/or oligosaccharide thus obtained into a chemical via fermentation.
Abstract:
A fluororesin polymer separation membrane that excels in not only virus r emoval performance but also water permeation performance, chemical strength (especially chemical resistance), physical strength and contamination resist ance, especially being suitable for use as a filtration membrane for virus r emoval; and a process for producing the same. There is provided a fluororesi n polymer separation membrane comprising a layer of three-dimensional networ k structure and a layer of spherical structure, wherein the layer of three-d imensional network structure substantially does not contain macrovoids of 5 .mu.m or greater, the fluororesin polymer separation membrane exhibiting a f iltration performance such that the efficiency of removing of dextran of 7.5 x104 molecular weight is 80% or higher. The layer of three-dimensional netwo rk structure is produced by coagulation of a polymer solution containing a f luororesin polymer and a cellulose ester.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fluororesin based polymeric separation membrane excellent in separation characteristic, permeability, chemical strength(chemical resistance), physical strength and stain resistance, a membrane module having a polymeric separation membrane, an apparatus for water separation, a separator for electric batteries, a charged membrane, a fuel cell and a membrane for blood purification. SOLUTION: A polymeric separation membrane is comprised of a fluororesin based polymer having a spherical structure and a three-dimensional mesh structure coextensively including a hydrophilic polymer having at least one kind of these selected from a cellulose ester, a fatty acid vinyl ester, vinylpyrolidone, ethylene oxide and propylene glycol. The polymeric separation membrane of this invention is suitably used for a membrane for water treatment, a separator for electric batteries, a charged membrane, a fuel cell and a porous membrane for blood purification. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI