Abstract:
A rotating heat regenerator is used to recover heat from the syngas at it exits the reactor vessel of a waste or biomass gasifier. In some embodiments, three or more streams are passed through the heat exchanger. One stream is the dirty syngas, which heats the rotating material. A second stream is a cold stream that is heated as it passes through the material. A third stream is a cleaning stream, which serves to remove particulates that are collected on the rotating material as the dirty syngas passes through it. This apparatus can also be used as an auto-heat exchanger, or it can exchange heat between separate flows in the gasifier process. The apparatus can also be used to reduce the heating requirement for the thermal residence chamber (TRC) used downstream from the gasification system.
Abstract:
A rotating heat regenerator is used to recover heat from the syngas at it exits the reactor vessel of a waste or biomass gasifier. In some embodiments, three or more streams are passed through the heat exchanger. One stream is the dirty syngas, which heats the rotating material. A second stream is a cold stream that is heated as it passes through the material. A third stream is a cleaning stream, which serves to remove particulates that are collected on the rotating material as the dirty syngas passes through it. This apparatus can also be used as an auto-heat exchanger, or it can exchange heat between separate flows in the gasifier process. The apparatus can also be used to reduce the heating requirement for the thermal residence chamber (TRC) used downstream from the gasification system.
Abstract:
A target material having pores is disposed on a substrate. A high energy beam is irradiated to the inner walls of the pores of the target material in a slanting direction. Constituent atoms or molecules of the target material are detached from it to obtain a single or plurality of ultrafine particles separated as a unit substance. The superfine particles are formed at desired positions corresponding to the pores of the target material. Besides, by using an amorphous carbon substrate as the substrate, fullerenes such as an onion-like graphite are formed with the ultrafine particles as nucleation points. When the high energy beam is irradiated to at least two neighboring metal ultrafine particles, these metal ultrafine particles are bonded mutually. When the obtained metal ultrafine particle bonded body has a corresponding grain boundary, the high energy beam is further irradiated to lower value Σ of the corresponding grain boundary of the bonded interface. Besides, the metal ultrafine particle bonded body can also be made into a monocrystal grain or a polycrystal grain. Such a metal ultrafine particle bonded body is stable.
Abstract:
The present application relates to a graphene quantum dot manufacturing method using thermal plasma which forms a carbon atomic beam by injecting a carbon source into a thermal plasma jet and pyrolyzing the carbon source and manufactures a graphene quantum dot by making the carbon atomic beam flow inside a tube connected to an anode.
Abstract:
PURPOSE: A complex structure for artificial photosynthesis, an integrated reactor for the artificial photosynthesis including the same, a complex structure for hydrolysis, and an integrated reactor for hydrolysis including the same are provided to increase the energy efficiency of an artificial photosynthesis reaction and a hydrolysis reaction. CONSTITUTION: A complex structure for artificial photosynthesis includes a first structure for the oxidation of water under light, a second structure, a third structure for the reduction of carbon dioxide, and a photon transferring membrane. The second structure is combined with the first structure and transfers electrons generated from oxidation of water in the first structure. The third structure is combined with the second structure. The structures are arranged in the photon transferring membrane. Parts of the first structure and the third structure are exposed to the external side of the photon transferring membrane. The electrons and photons generated in the first structure are transferred to the third structure through the second structure and the photon transferring membrane. The electrons and the photons are reacted with carbon dioxide supplied in the third structure to generate fuel materials containing a hydrocarbon. [Reference numerals] (AA) Proton transferring membrane; (BB) First structure; (CC) Second structure; (DD) Third structure; (EE) H_2O oxidation; (FF) Electron transfer; (GG) CO_2 reduction