Abstract:
Ethylene copolymers with octene and/or ethylene terpolymers with alpha-olefins from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, optionally in the presence of other comonomers containing more than one unsaturation, usable as additives to increase the gas oil properties at low temperatures, obtainable by polymerization of the monomers in the presence of catalysts comprising: a bis-cyclopentadienyl derivative having the general formula: (Cp1Cp2)—M—(L2L3) containing groups with oxygen bound to the transition metal, wherein M is a metal from the IIIb group to the Vb group or of the lanthanide series of the Element Periodic Table; Cp1 and Cp2, equal to or different from each other, represent cyclopentadienyls bound to M with delocalized &pgr; bonds.
Abstract:
The lubricity of low sulphur fuels is enhanced by incorporation of a lubricity enhancing additive in combination with an ethylene-unsaturated ester copolymer.
Abstract:
Additives of improving the low temperature flow properties and oxidative stability of hydrocarbon oils are disclosed, which comprise the alkylation of a phenol in the presence of a polar aprotic cosolvent to produce an essentially linear alkylated phenol which is condensed with an aldehyde to produce the low temperature flow improver wherein:(a) the polymer composition has a number average molecular weight of at least about 3,000 and a molecular weight distribution of at least about 1.5;(b) in the alkylated phenol reactant the alkyl groups (i) are essentially linear; (ii) have between 6 and 50 carbon atoms; and (iii) have an average number of carbon atoms between about 12 and 26; and(c) not more than about 10 mole percent of the alkyl groups on the alkylated phenol have less than 12 carbon atoms and not more than about 10 mole percent of the alkyl groups on the alkylated phenol have more than 26 carbon atoms. The additives may also be produced in a branched backbone form in which monomer reactants are copolymerized with certain tri- or tetrafunctional comonomers. Blends of these additives with various hydrocarbon oils, and particularly various middle distillates and lubricating oil compositions, whose low temperature flow properties and oxidative stability are significantly improved thereby, are also disclosed.
Abstract:
AN AMORPHOUS CRACKED ETHYLENE-PROPYLENE-TERPOLYMER POUR DEPRESSANT COMPOSITION CONSISTING OF 10 TO 90 PERCENT ETHYLENE, 5 TO 70 PERCENT PROPYLENE AND 0.1 TO 20 PERCENT OF A NON-CONJUGATED DIENE HAVING FROM 5 TO 30 CARBON ATOMS, AND A METHOD OF PREPARING SAME.
Abstract:
MIDDLE DISTILLATE FUEL OIL COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING AN EFFECTIVE AMOUNT OF A POUR IMPROVER CONSISTING OF A SOLUBLE, SUBSTANTIALLY LINEAR, ETHYLENE COPOLYMER CONSISTING OF, ON A WEIGHT BASIS, 58 TO 68% POLUMERIZED ETHYLENE UNITS, 32 TO 42% POLYMERIZED PROPYLENE UNITS, AND UP TO 10% POLYMERIZED 1,4-HEXADIENE UNITS, SAID COPOLYMER HAVING AN INHERENT VISCOSITY IN TETRACHLOROETHYLENE AT 30*C. OF ABOUT 0.1 TO 0.45, A NUMBER AVERAGE MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF ABOUT 1,000 TO 10,000 AND A MOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION OF LESS THAN ABOUT 8.