Abstract:
Изобретение относится к контрольно-измерительной технике и используется при измерении деформаций (напряжений) в различных конструкциях. Фотоупругий элемент имеет в плане крестообразную форму. Фронтальные поверхности элемента параллельны направлению прилагаемых усилий и являются оптически плоскими. Боковые поверхности имеют постоянный или переменный радиус кривизны. При приложении измеряемой нагрузки вдоль одной из его осей возникают дополнительные напряжения в центральной части элемента и как следствие дополнительная разность фаз между взаимно перпендикулярными компонентами поляризации луча, прошедшего сквозь фотоупругий элемент, что приводит к повышению чувствительности фотоупругого элемента к нагрузкам.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for measuring strain on a surface of a substrate (140) utilizes a substrate surface coated with at least one coating layer (145). The coating layer (145) provides both luminescence and photoelasticity. The coating layer (145) is illuminated with excitation light (110), wherein longer wavelength light is emitted having a polarization dependent upon stress or strain in the coating. At least one characteristic of the emitted light is measured, and strain (if present) on the substrate (140) is determined from the measured characteristic.
Abstract:
A cladded birefringent pressure sensor for use in a pressure-sensing system. The sensor is a single composite plate consisting of two plates (122, 124) each with different indices of refraction. One surface of the sensor is exposed to the environmental pressure under measurement. A collimated broad band light source is transmitted via a fiber optic cable, a polarizer and a birefringent bias element which transmits a wavelength/polarization component of light through the sensor. An external force applied to the sensor adds a stress-induced component to the polarized lightwave. The lightwave exits the sensor and is captured by a second polarizer producing a modulated light spectrum. A focusing element collects the light and transmits it down another fiber optic cable. The cable transmits the light to an opto-electronic interface where the fringe pattern is extracted and a computer compatible signal is generated for a CPU. The CPU performs a Fourier transform on the fringe pattern, where the phase term for a selected frequency is the measure of the externally applied pressure on the sensor.
Abstract:
The invention provides a load measuring apparatus for weighing vehicles. The cell is in the form of a plate structure which is of such small thickness that the vehicle wheel can be driven onto the plate structure without the use of a ramp. The plate structure comprises or embodies light transmitting material, a polarised light source which sends a beam of polarised light through the light transmitter material in a direction in the plane of the plate structure, and a polarizer and photodetector are located to detect the light beam emerging from the plate, the intensity of the emerging beam being an indication of the compressive weight or load on the plate. A plurality of the plate structures are used for the respective wheels of the vehicle and an electronic processor is used to provide indications of the loads on the cells to give total vehicle weight.
Abstract in simplified Chinese:本发明系关于一种用于借由如下来决定在将压力施加至一第一压力体(5)与一第二压力体(6)之间之至少一量测层(3)期间之一压力分布的量测设备:至少一发射器(7),其位于该量测层(3)之一周边边缘(3u)上,以沿贯穿该量测层(3)之一第一信号路由及贯穿该量测层(3)之至少一其他信号路由来发射电磁波形式之信号,至少一接收器(8),其位于该周边边缘(3u)上,以接收该(该等)第一信号路由及其他信号路由之信号(9),该等信号穿过该量测层(3)由该发射器发送,且可在施加压力时改变。 此外,本发明系关于一种相应的方法。
Abstract:
광원 장치(7)로부터의 광에 편광기(8)에 의해 편광을 주어 피검사체 W에 대해 비스듬한 방향으로 입사시키고, 그 산란광을 암시야에 배치되고 편광 분리 소자(12)를 가지는 CCD 촬상 장치(10)로 촬상하고, 얻어진 P편광 성분 화상과 S편광 성분 화상에 대해 편광 성분 광강도와 이들의 비로서의 편광 방향을 구한다. 피검사체에 응력을 인가하고 있지 않은 상태와 피검사체에 정하중을 부가하여 피검사체의 광조사측의 면에 있어서 인장 응력으로 되는 정응력을 인가한 상태에서의 촬상에 의해 얻어진 화상으로부터 편광 성분 광강도, 편광 방향을 구하고, 소정의 문턱값과 대비함으로써 결함의 검출, 분류를 행한다. 피검사체에 있어서의 내부 석출물, 공동 결함, 표면의 이물질 내지 스크래치, 표층의 크랙의 결함을 정밀도 좋게 검출하고, 결함의 종류를 특정하여 결함을 분류할 수가 있다. 반도체 소자 제작용 웨이퍼에 대해 결함을 검사하고, 품질관리를 행함으로써 불량품을 현격하게 감소시키게 된다.
Abstract:
PURPOSE: A bridge construction method using an IPC(Incrementally Prestressed Concrete) girder embedded with an FBG(Fiber Bragg Grating) optical stress measuring sensor is provided to implement post-tensioning of an IPC girder by measuring the stress applied to a structure after installation of the IPC girder and enable continuous repair and reinforcement through periodic measurement of the stress. CONSTITUTION: A bridge construction method using an IPC girder embedded with an FBG optical stress measuring sensor is as follows. One or more FBG optical stress measuring sensors(10) are installed in a girder. A strand(59) installed inside the girder is tensed first to complete a precast concrete girder. The stress measuring sensors are adjusted to make the measured stress zero. The precast concrete girder is installed in a pier and a slab and other structures are constructed on the top of the girder. The stress of the precast concrete girder is measured and the strand is tensed secondly. The stress measuring sensors are adjusted to make the measured stress zero.
Abstract:
It is possible to reduce the time required for calculating a force vector by using a force vector reconstruction method using an optical tactile sensor. The method includes: a step for imaging behavior of a colored marker when an object is brought into contact with a contact surface of an elastic body; a step for acquiring, from the marker image, information on behavior of a number of markers greater than the number of force vectors to be obtained; and a step for inputting the information on the behavior of the acquired markers to a transmission function and outputting a force vector. The force vector is calculated by using only the information on the behavior of markers of an area A1 in the vicinity of the position P at which the force vector is to be obtained.