公开(公告)号：US20090242758A1

公开(公告)日：2009-10-01

申请号：US12059850

申请日：2008-03-31

Applicant: MAREK UNCOVSKY ,  MILOS TOTH ,  WILLIAM RALPH KNOWLES

Inventor： MAREK UNCOVSKY ,  MILOS TOTH ,  WILLIAM RALPH KNOWLES

IPC: G01J1/00 ,  G01N23/00

CPC classification number: H01J37/244 ,  H01J37/28 ,  H01J47/06 ,  H01J2237/24445 ,  H01J2237/2448 ,  H01J2237/2605

Abstract: A novel detector for a charged particle beam system which includes multiple gas amplification stages. The stages are typically defined by conductors to which voltage are applied relative to the sample or to a previous stage. By creating cascades of secondary electrons in multiple stages, the gain can be increased without causing dielectric breakdown of the gas.

Abstract translation: 一种用于带电粒子束系统的新型检测器，其包括多个气体放大级。 这些级通常由相对于样品施加电压的导体或前一级定义。 通过在多级中产生二级电子级联，可以增加增益，而不会导致气体的介质击穿。

公开(公告)号：US20090159809A1

公开(公告)日：2009-06-25

申请号：US12403801

申请日：2009-03-13

Applicant: NORIYUKI HIKIDA ,  Kazuya Ishizawa ,  Eiji Seki

Inventor： NORIYUKI HIKIDA ,  Kazuya Ishizawa ,  Eiji Seki

IPC: G01T1/185 ,  G01T1/18

CPC classification number: G01T1/18 ,  H01J47/06

Abstract: The gas filled in an envelope contains nitrogen and hydrogen. The nitrogen used as a supplementary gas is not polymerized even when radiation is applied to it, and serves to achieve higher resolution than in the case where carbon dioxide is used as the supplementary gas. The hydrogen can reduce the change of gas gain.

Abstract translation: 填充在信封中的气体含有氮和氢。 作为补充气体使用的氮气即使在施加辐射的情况下也不会聚合，并且与使用二氧化碳作为补充气体的情况相比，能够实现更高的分辨率。 氢气可以减少气体增益的变化。

公开(公告)号：US20080272307A1

公开(公告)日：2008-11-06

申请号：US11885653

申请日：2006-03-24

Applicant: William I. Helsby ,  Nicholas J. Glague ,  Robert A. Lewis ,  Christopher J. Hall ,  Brian T. Parker

Inventor： William I. Helsby ,  Nicholas J. Glague ,  Robert A. Lewis ,  Christopher J. Hall ,  Brian T. Parker

IPC: G01T1/185

CPC classification number: G01T1/2935 ,  G01T1/185 ,  H01J47/06

Abstract: Devices and methods for detecting radiation are described. A detector for detecting radiation comprises a housing containing an ionisable gas, an array of anode wires extending substantially in a first plane, and arranged to be held at a first potential for attracting electrons, and at least one cathode wire spaced in a predetermined relationship from the anode wires, arranged to be held at a second, lower potential. The detector further comprises at least one additional electrode positioned adjacent a periphery of the array of anode wires, and arranged to be held at a third potential, greater than the second potential. A window for a radiation detector is described and comprising a housing containing an ionisable gas is also described. The window comprises a layer formed of an electrically conductive material forming an electrode, a layer formed of a plastic, arranged to support the layer formed of electrically conductive material, and a layer of gas impermeable material.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于检测辐射的装置和方法。 用于检测辐射的检测器包括：壳体，其包含可离子化气体，基本上在第一平面中延伸的阳极线阵列，并且被布置成保持在用于吸引电子的第一电位;以及至少一个与预定关系间隔开的阴极线 阳极线布置成保持在第二较低电位。 检测器还包括邻近阳极线阵列的周边定位的至少一个附加电极，并被布置成保持在比第二电位大的第三电位。 还描述了用于辐射检测器的窗口，并且包括含有可离子化气体的壳体。 窗口包括由形成电极的导电材料形成的层，由塑料形成的层，布置成支撑由导电材料形成的层，以及不透气材料层。

公开(公告)号：US20030138075A1

公开(公告)日：2003-07-24

申请号：US10308303

申请日：2002-12-03

Applicant: Metorex International Oy

Inventor： Heikki Johannes Sipila ,  Erkki Sakari Kiuru

IPC: G21K001/12

CPC classification number: H01J47/06 ,  G01T1/18 ,  G01T1/2935

Abstract: The invention relates to a radiation detector, an arrangement and a method for an energy-dispersive detection of X-ray photons. X-ray photons are allowed to collide (701) in the radiation detector (201, 601), whereby there are produced (702, 703, 704, 705, 706, 707, 708) observations of the X-ray photons that collided in the detector. According to the invention, there are separately produced observations of X-ray photons (702, 703, 704) that collided in the first detector space (205, 501) of the radiation detector and X-ray photons (705, 706, 707, 708) that collided in the second detector space (206, 502) of the radiation detector. The (712) observations of X-ray photons that collided in the first detector space (205, 501) are ignored, when there is received a simultaneous observation of an X-ray photon that collided in the second detector space.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于X射线光子的能量色散检测的放射线检测器，装置和方法。 允许X射线光子在辐射检测器（201,601）中碰撞（701），由此产生（702,703,704,705,706,707,708）观察到的相互碰撞的X射线光子 检测器。 根据本发明，分别产生在辐射检测器的第一检测器空间（205,501）和X射线光子（705,706,707）中碰撞的X射线光子（702,703,704）的观测值， 708），其在辐射检测器的第二检测器空间（206,502）中相撞。 当接收到在第二检测器空间中碰撞的X射线光子的同时观察时，忽略在第一检测器空间（205,501）中相撞的X射线光子的（712）观察结果。

公开(公告)号：US4778346A

公开(公告)日：1988-10-18

申请号：US648751

申请日：1984-09-07

Applicant: Marja-Leena Jarvinen ,  Heikki J. Sipila

Inventor： Marja-Leena Jarvinen ,  Heikki J. Sipila

IPC: G01T1/18 ,  H01J41/16 ,  H01J47/06 ,  F04B37/02

CPC classification number: H01J47/06

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for heating a gas phase stabilizer (5) installed within a gas-filled proportional counter (1) in order to activate the stabilizer (5). According to the invention, the heat is conducted into the proportional counter (1) along a thermal inlet (3), which is in thermal exchange contact with the stabilizer (5). The thermal inlet (3) employed in forming the gas filling can advantageously be employed for heating the stabilizer up to the activating temperature.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于加热安装在充气比例计数器（1）内以便激活稳定器（5）的气相稳定器（5）的方法。 根据本发明，热量沿着与稳定器（5）热交换接触的热入口（3）传导到比例计数器（1）中。 用于形成气体填充物的热入口（3）可以有利地用于将稳定剂加热至活化温度。

公开(公告)号：US4382185A

公开(公告)日：1983-05-03

申请号：US196584

申请日：1980-10-14

Applicant: Johannes Baecklund

Inventor： Johannes Baecklund

IPC: G01T1/18 ,  H01J47/06

CPC classification number: H01J47/06

Abstract: There is provided a proportional detector which is intended for use together with an X-ray tube in fluorescence measuring apparatus. The detector comprises a circular-cylindrical body which is divided into a plurality of identical sectors forming the chamber (3) of said detector and which has a circular-cylindrical recess (1) for accommodating an X-ray tube (2).The inner surfaces of the chambers (3) comprise a metal or a metal coating (4) and are electrically conductive. Extending axially within the chambers (3) is a thin wire (5) which forms the positive electrode of the detector. The inner surfaces of the chambers form the negative electrode of the detector. The detector is intended to be placed on the sample to be examined.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种与荧光测量装置中的X射线管一起使用的比例检测器。 该检测器包括圆筒体，该圆筒体被分成形成所述检测器的腔室（3）的多个相同的扇形区域，并且具有容纳X射线管（2）的圆柱形凹部（1）。 室（3）的内表面包括金属或金属涂层（4）并且是导电的。 在腔室（3）内轴向延伸的是细线（5），其形成检测器的正电极。 室的内表面形成检测器的负电极。 检测器用于放置在被检样品上。

公开(公告)号：USRE30947E

公开(公告)日：1982-05-25

申请号：US118686

申请日：1980-02-05

Applicant: Douglas P. Boyd

Inventor： Douglas P. Boyd

IPC: A61B6/03 ,  G01T1/29 ,  H01J47/06

CPC classification number: G01T1/2935 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/466 ,  H01J47/06

Abstract: A fan-shaped beam of penetrating radiation, such as X-ray or .gamma.-ray radiation, is directed through a slice of the body to be analyzed to a position sensitive detector for deriving a shadowgraph of transmission or absorption of the penetrating radiation by the body. A number of such shadowgraphs are obtained for different angles of rotation of the fan-shaped beam relative to the center of the slice being analyzed. The detected fan beam shadowgraph data is reordered into shadowgraph data corresponding to sets of parallel paths of radiation through the body. The reordered parallel path shadowgraph data is then convoluted in accordance with a 3-D reconstruction method by convolution in a computer to derive a 3-D reconstructed tomograph of the body under analysis. In a preferred embodiment, the position sensitive detector comprises a multiwire detector wherein the wires are arrayed parallel to the direction of the divergent penetrating rays to be detected. A focussed grid collimator is interposed between the body and the position sensitive detector for collimating the penetrating rays to be detected. The source of penetrating radiation is preferably a monochromatic source.

公开(公告)号：US3743840A

公开(公告)日：1973-07-03

申请号：US3743840D

申请日：1972-07-18

Applicant: ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION

Inventor： THIESSEN H ,  SOBOTTKA S ,  LEE D

IPC: G01T1/18 ,  H01J47/06

CPC classification number: H01J47/06

Abstract: A helical multiwire proportional chamber for detection of minimum ionizing particles consisting of an array of anode wires surrounded by a cathode wound in the form of a bifilar flattened helix nearly orthogonal to the anode wires and this chamber having an active area rectangular in shape, a frame comprising two pieces of plexiglass with a central cutout which forms the said active area, the anode wires being fastened to one of the frame pieces and the second frame piece being fastened to the first and the anode wires being connected in parallel to a positive high voltage supply and the cathode wire being connected to ground through a resistor.

Abstract translation: 一种用于检测最小电离粒子的螺旋多线比例室，包括由阴极缠绕的阳极线阵列组成的阴极线，所述阴极以与阳极线近似正交的双极扁平螺旋形式，该腔室具有矩形的有源区域，框架 包括两片具有形成所述有源区域的中心切口的有机玻璃，阳极线被紧固到一个框架件，并且第二框架件紧固到第一阳极引线并且正极连接到正高压 电源和阴极线通过电阻器接地。

公开(公告)号：US3383538A

公开(公告)日：1968-05-14

申请号：US51851765

申请日：1965-12-30

Applicant: NAVY USA

Inventor： BOWYER CHARLES S

IPC: H01J47/06

CPC classification number: H01J47/06

公开(公告)号：US3226197A

公开(公告)日：1965-12-28

申请号：US20970862

申请日：1962-07-13

Applicant: MARTIN SWEETS COMPANY INC

Inventor： LEWIS JAMES E

IPC: G01N31/12 ,  H01J47/06

CPC classification number: G01N31/12 ,  H01J47/06 ,  Y10T436/22 ,  Y10T436/23