公开(公告)号：GB616223A

公开(公告)日：1949-01-18

申请号：GB2612846

申请日：1946-10-30

Applicant: EWART RAY HERBERT JONES ,  REED KENNETH J ,  ICI LTD

IPC: C09B23/08

Abstract: Compounds of the formula H-C­C-CR= CH-CHO are prepared by reacting acetylene with a ketone of the formula R-CO-CH= CHCl, and treating with dilute acid. 2-Methylpent-2-en-4-yn-1-al is prepared by reacting acetylene with methyl chlorovinyl-ketone, and treating with dilute acid.ALSO:Heptamethine dyes are prepared by reacting a compound of the formula H-C=C-CR= CH-CHO, wherein R is H or an alkyl group, or an aldehydic functional derivative thereof (e.g. an acetal or anil) with a heterocyclic nitrogen compound containing a reactive methyl group or with the corresponding base containing a methylene group. Bis - (1 - ethyl - 2 - benzthiazole) - d - methyl - heptamethinecyanine iodide is prepared by reacting together 2-methylbenzthiazole ethiodide and 2-methylpent-2-en-4-yn-1-al in ethanol in presence of triethylamine at 0 DEG C. Bis - (1 - ethyl - 3 : 3 - dimethyl - 2 - indolenine)-d -methylheptamethinecyanine iodide is similarly prepared.

公开(公告)号：WO2008030813A1

公开(公告)日：2008-03-13

申请号：PCT/US2007/077543

申请日：2007-09-04

Applicant: CERION TECHNOLOGIES, INC. ,  REED, Kenneth, J.

Inventor： REED, Kenneth, J.

IPC: C10L1/32

CPC classification number: B01J23/10 ,  B01F3/0807 ,  B01F7/164 ,  B01J13/0047 ,  B01J13/0086 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01F17/0043 ,  C01P2002/72 ,  C01P2004/04 ,  C01P2004/52 ,  C01P2004/64 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/103 ,  C10L1/1233 ,  C10L1/125 ,  C10L1/1258 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/1811 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/1883 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/1985 ,  C10L1/2222 ,  C10L1/2437 ,  C10L10/02 ,  C10L10/08 ,  C10L10/12 ,  C10M2201/062 ,  C10N2230/06 ,  C10N2240/10 ,  Y02T50/678 ,  C10N2210/03 ,  C10N2220/082

Abstract: A method of Improving the efficiency of a diesel engine provided with a source of diesel fuel includes the steps of: a) adding to the diesel fuel a reverse-micellar composition having an aqueous first disperse phase that includes a free radical initiator and a first continuous phase that includes a first hydrocarbon liquid, a first surfactant, and optionally a co-surfactant, thereby producing a modified diesel fuel; and b) operating the engine, thereby combusting the modified diesel fuel. The efficiency of a diesel engine provided with a source of diesel fuel and a source of lubricating oil can also be improved by modifying the lubricating oil by the addition of a stabilized nanoparticulate composition of cerium dioxide. The efficiency of a diesel engine can also be improved by adding to the diesel fuel a reverse-micellar composition that includes an aqueous disperse phase containing boric acid or a borate salt.

Abstract translation: 提供具有柴油燃料源的柴油机的效率的方法包括以下步骤：a）向柴油燃料中加入具有含水的第一分散相的反胶束组合物，其包含自由基引发剂和第一连续 其包括第一烃液体，第一表面活性剂和任选的辅助表面活性剂，由此生产改性柴油燃料; 和b）操作发动机，由此燃烧改性柴油。 设置有柴油燃料源和润滑油源的柴油发动机的效率也可以通过添加稳定的二氧化铈纳米颗粒组合物改性润滑油来改善。 柴油发动机的效率也可以通过向柴油燃料中添加包含含有硼酸或硼酸盐的水性分散相的反胶束组合物来提高。

公开(公告)号：WO2011142834A8

公开(公告)日：2012-07-12

申请号：PCT/US2011000858

申请日：2011-05-13

Applicant: CERION TECHNOLOGY INC ,  REED KENNETH J ,  DIFRANCISCO ALBERT GARY ,  PROK GARY R ,  HAILSTONE RICHARD K

Inventor： REED KENNETH J ,  DIFRANCISCO ALBERT GARY ,  PROK GARY R ,  HAILSTONE RICHARD K

IPC: C01F17/00 ,  C01G25/00 ,  C01G49/00 ,  C10L1/12 ,  C10L10/00

CPC classification number: C10L1/1233 ,  B01J13/0034 ,  B01J13/0047 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01F17/00 ,  C01F17/0043 ,  C01G25/00 ,  C01G25/02 ,  C01G49/0054 ,  C01G49/009 ,  C01G49/02 ,  C01G55/00 ,  C01P2002/30 ,  C01P2002/52 ,  C01P2002/72 ,  C01P2004/04 ,  C01P2004/51 ,  C01P2004/52 ,  C01P2004/64 ,  C01P2006/90 ,  C10G25/02 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L10/02 ,  C10L10/06 ,  C10L2200/0222 ,  C10L2200/024 ,  C10L2200/0245 ,  C10L2200/0254 ,  C10L2230/22 ,  C10L2250/06 ,  C10L2270/026 ,  Y10T428/2982

Abstract: A process for making cerium-containing oxide nanoparticles includes providing an aqueous reaction mixture containing a source of cerous ion, optionally a source of one or more metal ions (M) other than cerium, a source of hydroxide ion, at least one monoether carboxylic acid nanoparticle stabilizer wherein the molar ratio of said monoether carboxylic acid nanoparticle stabilizers to total metal ions is greater than 0.2, and an oxidant at an initial temperature in the range of about 20°C to about 95°C. Temperature conditions are provided effective to enable oxidation of cerous ion to ceric ion, thereby forming a product dispersion of cerium-containing oxide nanoparticles, optionally containing one or more metal ions (M), Ce1-xMxO2-d, wherein "x" has a value from about 0.0 to about 0.95. The nanoparticles may have a mean hydrodynamic diameter from about 1 nm to about 50 nm, and a geometric diameter of less than about 45 nm.

Abstract translation: 制备含铈氧化物纳米颗粒的方法包括提供含有铈离子源的水性反应混合物，任选地除了铈以外的一种或多种金属离子（M）的源，氢氧根离子源，至少一种单醚羧酸 纳米粒子稳定剂，其中所述单醚羧酸纳米粒子稳定剂与总金属离子的摩尔比大于0.2，氧化剂在约20℃至约95℃范围内的初始温度。 提供温度条件有效地使铈离子氧化成铈离子，从而形成含铈氧化物纳米颗粒的产品分散体，任选地含有一种或多种金属离子（M），Ce1-xMxO2-d，其中“x”具有 值为约0.0至约0.95。 纳米颗粒可以具有约1nm至约50nm的平均流体动力学直径和小于约45nm的几何直径。

公开(公告)号：WO2012065158A1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-18

申请号：PCT/US2011/060562

申请日：2011-11-14

Applicant: CERION TECHNOLOGY, INC. ,  COWDERY-CORVAN, Peter Jerome ,  IRVING, Lyn Marie ,  HAILSTONE, Richard Kenneth ,  REED, Kenneth J. ,  ALLSTON, Thomas D. ,  AUGUSTYN, Carly L.

Inventor： COWDERY-CORVAN, Peter Jerome ,  IRVING, Lyn Marie ,  HAILSTONE, Richard Kenneth ,  REED, Kenneth J. ,  ALLSTON, Thomas D. ,  AUGUSTYN, Carly L.

IPC: C01F17/00 ,  C01G49/00

CPC classification number: C01F17/0043 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01F17/0018 ,  C01G25/00 ,  C01G49/0054 ,  C01P2002/54 ,  C01P2002/72 ,  C01P2004/04 ,  C01P2004/64

Abstract: A method of making cerium-containing metal oxide nanoparticles in non-polar solvent eliminates the need for solvent shifting steps. The direct synthesis method involves: (a) forming a reaction mixture of a source of cerous ion and a carboxylic acid, and optionally, a hydrocarbon solvent; and optionally further comprises a non-cerous metal ion; (b) heating the reaction mixture to oxidize cerous ion to ceric ion; and (c) recovering a nanoparticle of either cerium oxide or a mixed metal oxide comprising cerium. The cerium-containing oxide nanoparticles thus obtained have cubic fluorite crystal structure and a geometric diameter in the range of about 1 nanometer to about 20 nanometers. Dispersions of cerium-containing oxide nanoparticles prepared by this method can be used as a component of a fuel or lubricant additive.

Abstract translation: 在非极性溶剂中制造含铈金属氧化物纳米颗粒的方法消除了对溶剂转移步骤的需要。 直接合成方法包括：（a）形成铈离子源和羧酸的反应混合物，以及任选的烃溶剂; 并且任选地还包含非铈金属离子; （b）加热反应混合物以将铈离子氧化成铈离子; 和（c）回收氧化铈或包含铈的混合金属氧化物的纳米颗粒。 由此获得的含铈氧化物纳米颗粒具有立方萤石晶体结构，并且几何直径在约1纳米至约20纳米的范围内。 通过该方法制备的含铈氧化物纳米颗粒的分散体可用作燃料或润滑剂添加剂的组分。

公开(公告)号：WO2010071641A1

公开(公告)日：2010-06-24

申请号：PCT/US2008/087133

申请日：2008-12-17

Applicant: CERION TECHNOLOGY, INC. ,  DIFRANCESCO, Albert, Gary ,  ALLSTON, Thomas, D. ,  HAILSTONE, Richard, K. ,  LANGNER, Andreas ,  REED, Kenneth, J.

Inventor： DIFRANCESCO, Albert, Gary ,  ALLSTON, Thomas, D. ,  HAILSTONE, Richard, K. ,  LANGNER, Andreas ,  REED, Kenneth, J.

IPC: B01J23/10 ,  B01J23/00

CPC classification number: B01J35/0013 ,  B01J23/002 ,  B01J23/10 ,  B01J23/22 ,  B01J23/24 ,  B01J23/34 ,  B01J23/72 ,  B01J23/74 ,  B01J23/745 ,  B01J37/03 ,  B01J2523/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01F17/0018 ,  C01F17/0043 ,  C01G3/00 ,  C01G25/00 ,  C01G49/0054 ,  C01G49/009 ,  C01P2002/30 ,  C01P2002/52 ,  C01P2002/70 ,  C01P2002/72 ,  C01P2004/04 ,  C01P2004/51 ,  C01P2004/64 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/1233 ,  C10L1/125 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1852 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/1883 ,  C10L1/2222 ,  C10L10/00 ,  C10L10/08 ,  C10M125/10 ,  C10N2210/03 ,  C10N2220/082 ,  C10N2230/06 ,  C10N2240/10 ,  C10N2240/102 ,  B01J2523/3712 ,  B01J2523/48 ,  B01J2523/17 ,  B01J2523/842

Abstract: A process for making cerium dioxide nanoparticles containing at least one transition metal (M) utilizing a suspension of cerium hydroxide nanoparticles prepared by mechanical shearing of an aqueous mixture containing an oxidant in an amount effective to enable oxidation of cerous ion to eerie ion, thereby forming a product stream that contains transition metal-containing cerium dioxide nanoparticles, Cel-xMxO2, wherein "x" has a value from about 0.3 to about 0.8. The nanoparticles thus obtained have a cubic fluorite structure, a mean hydrodynamic diameter in the range of about 1 nm to about 10 nm, and a geometric diameter of less than about 4 run. The transition metal-containing crystalline cerium dioxide nanoparticles can be used to prepare a dispersion of the particles in a nonpolar medium.

Abstract translation: 一种制备含有至少一种过渡金属（M）的二氧化铈纳米颗粒的方法，利用通过机械剪切含有氧化剂的含水混合物制备的氢氧化铈纳米颗粒的悬浮液，所述含水混合物的量可有效地使铈离子氧化成令人惊奇的离子，由此形成 含有过渡金属的二氧化铈纳米颗粒Cel-xM x O 2的产物流，其中“x”具有约0.3至约0.8的值。 由此获得的纳米颗粒具有立方萤石结构，在约1nm至约10nm的范围内的平均流体动力学直径和小于约4nm的几何直径。 可以使用含过渡金属的结晶二氧化铈纳米颗粒来制备颗粒在非极性介质中的分散体。

公开(公告)号：WO2008030815A4

公开(公告)日：2009-03-05

申请号：PCT/US2007077545

申请日：2007-09-04

Applicant: CERION TECHNOLOGIES INC ,  DIFRANCESCO ALBERT GARY ,  HAILSTONE RICHARD K ,  LANGNER ANDREAS ,  REED KENNETH J

Inventor： DIFRANCESCO ALBERT GARY ,  HAILSTONE RICHARD K ,  LANGNER ANDREAS ,  REED KENNETH J

IPC: C01F17/00

CPC classification number: B01J23/10 ,  B01F3/0807 ,  B01F7/164 ,  B01J13/0047 ,  B01J13/0086 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/103 ,  C10L1/1233 ,  C10L1/125 ,  C10L1/1258 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/1811 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/1883 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/1985 ,  C10L1/2222 ,  C10L1/2437 ,  C10L10/02 ,  C10L10/08 ,  C10L10/12 ,  C10M2201/062 ,  C10N2230/06 ,  C10N2240/10 ,  Y02T50/678 ,  C10N2210/03 ,  C10N2220/082

Abstract: A method of making cerium dioxide nanoparticles includes: a) providing an aqueous reaction mixture having a source of cerous ion, a source of hydroxide ion, a nanoparticle stabilizer, and an oxidant at an initial temperature no higher than about 2O°C; b) mechanically shearing the mixture and causing it to pass through a perforated screen, thereby forming a suspension of cerium hydroxide nanoparticles; and c) raising the initial temperature to achieve oxidation of cerous ion to eerie ion and thereby form cerium dioxide nanoparticles having a mean diameter in the range of about 1 nm to about 15 nm. The cerium dioxide nanoparticles may be formed in a continuous process.

Abstract translation: 制备二氧化铈纳米颗粒的方法包括：a）在不高于约20℃的初始温度下，提供具有铈离子源，氢氧根离子源，纳米颗粒稳定剂和氧化剂的水性反应混合物; b）机械剪切混合物并使其通过穿孔筛网，从而形成氢氧化铈纳米颗粒的悬浮液; 和c）提高初始温度以实现铈离子氧化为奇异离子，从而形成平均直径在约1nm至约15nm范围内的二氧化铈纳米颗粒。 二氧化铈纳米颗粒可以以连续的方法形成。

公开(公告)号：WO2008030810A3

公开(公告)日：2008-12-24

申请号：PCT/US2007077540

申请日：2007-09-04

Applicant: CERION TECHNOLOGIES INC ,  REED KENNETH J

Inventor： REED KENNETH J

IPC: F01N3/00

CPC classification number: B01J23/10 ,  B01F3/0807 ,  B01F7/164 ,  B01J13/0047 ,  B01J13/0086 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/103 ,  C10L1/1233 ,  C10L1/125 ,  C10L1/1258 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/1811 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/1883 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/1985 ,  C10L1/2222 ,  C10L1/2437 ,  C10L10/02 ,  C10L10/08 ,  C10L10/12 ,  C10M2201/062 ,  C10N2230/06 ,  C10N2240/10 ,  Y02T50/678 ,  C10N2210/03 ,  C10N2220/082

Abstract: A lubricity additive composition includes a lubricating medium and, dispersed therein, cerium dioxide nanoparticles having a mean hydrodynamic diameter of about 1 nm to about 15 nm. In a method for reducing friction between, or scarring, abrasion, or pitting of metal surfaces in relative motion with one another, at least one of the metal surfaces has been contacted with a lubricity additive composition that includes a lubricating medium and, dispersed therein, cerium dioxide nanoparticles whose mean hydrodynamic diameter is about 1 nm to about 15 nm.

Abstract translation: 润滑性添加剂组合物包含润滑介质和分散于其中的平均流体动力学直径为约1nm至约15nm的二氧化铈纳米颗粒。 在减少相互之间的相对运动中的金属表面之间的摩擦或疤痕，磨损或点蚀的方法中，至少一个金属表面已经与润滑添加剂组合物接触，润滑添加剂组合物包含润滑介质， 其平均流体力学直径为约1nm至约15nm的二氧化铈纳米颗粒。

公开(公告)号：WO2008030815A2

公开(公告)日：2008-03-13

申请号：PCT/US2007/077545

申请日：2007-09-04

Applicant: CERION TECHNOLOGIES, INC. ,  DIFRANCESCO, Albert, Gary ,  HAILSTONE, Richard, K. ,  LANGNER, Andreas ,  REED, Kenneth, J.

Inventor： DIFRANCESCO, Albert, Gary ,  HAILSTONE, Richard, K. ,  LANGNER, Andreas ,  REED, Kenneth, J.

IPC: C10M125/10

CPC classification number: B01J23/10 ,  B01F3/0807 ,  B01F7/164 ,  B01J13/0047 ,  B01J13/0086 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01F17/0043 ,  C01P2002/72 ,  C01P2004/04 ,  C01P2004/52 ,  C01P2004/64 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/103 ,  C10L1/1233 ,  C10L1/125 ,  C10L1/1258 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/1811 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/1883 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/1985 ,  C10L1/2222 ,  C10L1/2437 ,  C10L10/02 ,  C10L10/08 ,  C10L10/12 ,  C10M2201/062 ,  C10N2230/06 ,  C10N2240/10 ,  Y02T50/678 ,  C10N2210/03 ,  C10N2220/082

Abstract: A method of making cerium dioxide nanoparticles includes: a) providing an aqueous reaction mixture having a source of cerous ion, a source of hydroxide ion, a nanoparticle stabilizer, and an oxidant at an initial temperature no higher than about 2O°C; b) mechanically shearing the mixture and causing it to pass through a perforated screen, thereby forming a suspension of cerium hydroxide nanoparticles; and c) raising the initial temperature to achieve oxidation of cerous ion to eerie ion and thereby form cerium dioxide nanoparticles having a mean diameter in the range of about 1 nm to about 15 nm. The cerium dioxide nanoparticles may be formed in a continuous process.

Abstract translation: 制备二氧化铈纳米颗粒的方法包括：a）在不高于约20℃的初始温度下，提供具有铈离子源，氢氧根离子源，纳米颗粒稳定剂和氧化剂的水性反应混合物; b）机械剪切混合物并使其通过穿孔筛网，从而形成氢氧化铈纳米颗粒的悬浮液; 和c）提高初始温度以实现铈离子氧化为奇异离子，从而形成平均直径在约1nm至约15nm范围内的二氧化铈纳米颗粒。 二氧化铈纳米颗粒可以以连续的方法形成。

公开(公告)号：WO2008030809A1

公开(公告)日：2008-03-13

申请号：PCT/US2007/077539

申请日：2007-09-04

Applicant: CERION TECHNOLOGIES, INC. ,  LANGNER, Andreas ,  REED, Kenneth, J.

Inventor： LANGNER, Andreas ,  REED, Kenneth, J.

IPC: C10L10/00

CPC classification number: B01J23/10 ,  B01F3/0807 ,  B01F7/164 ,  B01J13/0047 ,  B01J13/0086 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01F17/0043 ,  C01P2002/72 ,  C01P2004/04 ,  C01P2004/52 ,  C01P2004/64 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/103 ,  C10L1/1233 ,  C10L1/125 ,  C10L1/1258 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/1811 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/1883 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/1985 ,  C10L1/2222 ,  C10L1/2437 ,  C10L10/02 ,  C10L10/08 ,  C10L10/12 ,  C10M2201/062 ,  C10N2230/06 ,  C10N2240/10 ,  Y02T50/678 ,  C10N2210/03 ,  C10N2220/082

Abstract: A reverse-micellar composition contains a first aqueous disperse phase that includes a free radical initiator, and a continuous phase that includes a hydrocarbon liquid and at least one surfactant.

Abstract translation: 反胶束组合物含有包含自由基引发剂的第一含水分散相和包含烃液体和至少一种表面活性剂的连续相。

公开(公告)号：WO2011112244A3

公开(公告)日：2011-11-10

申请号：PCT/US2011000429

申请日：2011-03-08

Applicant: CERION TECHNOLOGY INC ,  REED KENNETH J ,  DIFRANCISCO ALBERT GARY ,  HAILSTONE RICHARD K ,  PROK GARY R ,  ALLSTON THOMAS D

Inventor： REED KENNETH J ,  DIFRANCISCO ALBERT GARY ,  HAILSTONE RICHARD K ,  PROK GARY R ,  ALLSTON THOMAS D

IPC: B01J23/00 ,  B01J23/10

CPC classification number: B01J23/10 ,  B01J23/002 ,  B01J23/83 ,  B01J37/0221 ,  B01J37/031 ,  B01J37/035 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01F17/0018 ,  C01F17/0043 ,  C01G49/00 ,  C01G49/009 ,  C01P2002/52 ,  C01P2004/03 ,  C01P2004/04 ,  C01P2004/45 ,  C01P2004/64 ,  C01P2004/84 ,  C10L1/1233 ,  C10L10/02 ,  C10M125/10 ,  C10M2201/062 ,  C10N2220/082 ,  C10N2250/12 ,  Y10S977/775 ,  Y10S977/811 ,  Y10S977/89 ,  Y10S977/902

Abstract: A method for forming a structured doped cerium oxide nanoparticle including the steps of forming a first aqueous cerium(lll) reaction mixture, with optional metal/s other than cerium, a base, and a stabilizer; introducing an oxidant to singly oxidize cerium (III), followed by thermal formation of a doped cerium oxide nanoparticle core; then providing a second reaction mixture of one or more metal ions other than cerium, and optionally cerium (III) ions and sufficient cerium (III) oxidant, followed by thermally converting the mixture into a shell around the doped cerium oxide nanoparticle core, wherein the ratio of metal ions in the core differs from the ratio of metal ions in the shell. The disclosed structured doped cerium oxide nanoparticle may exhibit cubic fluorite crystal structure and possess a diameter in the range 1 nm-20 nm. A dispersion of the developed nanoparticle may be used as a fuel additive.

Abstract translation: 一种用于形成结构掺杂的氧化铈纳米颗粒的方法，包括以下步骤：用除铈以外的任选金属，碱和稳定剂形成第一含水铈（III）反应混合物; 引入氧化剂以单独氧化铈（III），然后热成型掺杂的氧化铈纳米颗粒核心; 然后提供除铈以外的一种或多种金属离子和任选的铈（III）离子和足够的铈（III）氧化剂的第二反应混合物，随后将混合物热转化成掺杂的氧化铈纳米颗粒核周围的壳，其中 核中金属离子的比例与壳中金属离子的比例不同。 所公开的结构掺杂的氧化铈纳米颗粒可呈现立方萤石晶体结构，其直径范围为1nm-20nm。 所开发的纳米颗粒的分散体可以用作燃料添加剂。