Abstract:
An integrated circuit including a comparator having two output states and being responsive to a voltage developed across a shunt in the circuit so that the comparator assumes one of its two output states when the voltage developed across the shunt is greater than a threshold switching voltage and the other of its two output states when the voltage developed across the shunt is less than the threshold switching voltage. The integrated circuit additionally includes a threshold switching voltage sensitivity control circuit, coupled to and controlling the comparator, for controlling a sensitivity of the threshold switching voltage to changes in a supply voltage of the lamp circuit and for controlling a sensitivity of the threshold switching voltage to changes in temperature of the integrated circuit.
Abstract:
A voltage-controlled delay (418) is connected in series with a phase-locked loop (430). The voltage-controlled delay is controlled by the control voltage developed by the phase-locked loop amplifier and filter (410). With this arrangement, the amplifier and filter can be designed to have a transfer function that does not include an explicit zero. Consequently, the jitter transfer function of the overall structure can be designed to remain equal to or less than unity over all frequencies and jitter peaking is eliminated.
Abstract:
A delta modulator includes an integrator (12), a comparator (14) for sensing the output of the integrator and a flip flop (16) for synchronizing the comparator output to a clock signal and providing an error signal to the input of the integrator. The output (20) of the delta modulator is a data stream having a time-averaged duty cycle that represents the input signal amplitude. The integrator includes an amplifier (38) that is provided with positive feedback. Error caused by the finite open loop gain of the amplifier is cancelled by the positive feedback. As a result, high accuracy is achieved. The integrator amplifier is stabilised by the overall negative feedback of the delta modulator loop.
Abstract:
A circuit which employs a pair of MOS transistors operating at equal gate and sources voltages, and nearly equal drain voltages, to produce an accurately ratioed current mirror. The gate voltage of the transistor pair is controlled by a simple current mirror operating at a small fraction of the total output. The latter current mirror also functions as a wideband negative impedance converter. A comparable bipolar circuit is also discussed.
Abstract:
A MOS sense amplifier having a differential input and a single-ended output, and formed of only six MOS transistors. The amplifier's non-inverting input is connected to the gates of first and second MOSFETs. The drains of the first and second MOSFETs are connected to each other and to the gates of third and fourth MOSFETs. The drain of the third MOSFET is connected to the sources of the second and sixth MOSFETs; and the source of the third MOSFET is connected to the positive supply voltage. The drain of the fourth MOSFET is connected to the sources of the first and fifth MOSFETs. The source of the fourth MOSFET is connected to ground. The inverting input of the sense amplifier is connected to the gates of the fifth and sixth MOSFETs. The drains of the fifth and sixth MOSFETs are connected to each other and provide the output terminus of the amplifier. The first, fourth and fifth MOSFETs are n-channel devices, while the second, third and sixth MOSFETs are p-channel devices.
Abstract:
A microprogrammed controller (10) wherein the conventional pipeline register is replaced by a pair of coupled latches: a so-called ''transparent'' latch (30) is placed between the output of the microprogram memory (12) and the input of one or more system resources including at least the sequencer (16) or address generator (20), and another latch (32, 34) is placed between the output of each such resource and the element(s) to be supplied with its output. The appropriate bits of a microinstruction are supplied from the microinstruction memory (12) to the associated resource via the transparent latch (30). The clock signal for the sequencer or other resource serves as the enable signal for the output latch (32, 34) (which can be either a transparent latch or an edge-triggered latch responsive to the rising edge of the clock signal), while the inverted sense of the clock signal provides the enable signal for the transparent latch (30). This allows data to propagate through the resource to internal destinations therein even before the results of the previous instruction are cleared from the resource's output latch. Set-up conditions for an instruction thus can occur within a resource while the results of the previous instruction are still sitting in the resource's output latch. Therefore those set-up conditions can already have been completed (or at least partially completed) before the results of the prior instruction are cleared out of the output latch and the new microinstruction is latched into the input latch.
Abstract:
Operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) (10, 12) are combined at their outputs, yielding a single frequency compensation connection point (16). In a preferred embodiment, the output of each OTA is asymmetric, i.e., they can only source current and the OTA outputs are tied together to a constant current sink (14). Consequently, the OTA that sources more current controls the voltage of the merged output. This merged output point provides a voltage output that may be used as a frequency compensation point.
Abstract:
A voltage-to-frequency converter having an analog-to-digital converter (22), based on analog components, for converting samples of an analog signal (Vin) into corresponding digital words and a digital-to-frequency (26), based on digital components (28, 30, 34), for converting the digital words into a train of pulses having a pulse repetition frequency related to the analog voltage (Vin). An interpolator (24) is provided between the analog-to-digital converter and the digital-to-frequency converter for providing digital words for the digital-to-frequency converter at a rate greater than the operating rate of the analog-to-digital converter.
Abstract:
A discrete multi-tone, asymmetrical transceiver (10') and method wherein a modem at a central office (12') transmits information to a modem at a remote terminal (14') on a down-stream signal and the modem at the remote terminal (14') transmits information to the modem at the central office (12') on an up-stream signal. The up-stream signal comprises data carried by a lower portion of a predetermined band of frequencies and the down-stream signal comprises data carried by an upper portion of the predetermined band of frequencies.
Abstract:
A switch architecture for a digital-to-analog converter provides improved linearity. A first switch for one leg of the R/2R resistance ladder includes a unit resistor coupled between the MOSFET devices of the switch and the respective leg of the R/2R ladder. The on resistances of the MOSFET devices of the first switch are controlled in response to a reference value, such as the resistance of a reference resistor, which may have a resistance and other characteristics similar to the unit resistor. Other switches for other legs of the R/2R ladder also have a unit resistor, or other MOSFET devices having an on resistance controlled in relation to the reference value. Additional switches for other legs of the R/2R ladder may also have MOSFET devices of varying width to channel (W/L) ratios. Each of these approaches may be combined to achieve a binary weighting or an alternate weighting between legs of the R/2R ladder, in order to provide low linearity error.
Abstract translation:用于数模转换器的开关架构提供了改进的线性度。 R / 2R电阻梯的一条支脚的第一开关包括耦合在开关的MOSFET器件和R / 2R梯的相应支路之间的单元电阻器。 第一开关的MOSFET器件的导通电阻响应于诸如参考电阻器的电阻的参考值来控制,其可以具有与单元电阻器类似的电阻和其它特性。 R / 2R梯子的其他支路的其他开关也具有单位电阻器或具有相对于参考值控制的导通电阻的其它MOSFET器件。 R / 2R梯形图的其他支脚的附加开关也可以具有宽度与沟道(W / L)比率变化的MOSFET器件。 这些方法中的每一种可以组合以实现R / 2R梯级的支路之间的二进制加权或者交替加权,以便提供低线性误差。