公开(公告)号：WO1993003946A1

公开(公告)日：1993-03-04

申请号：PCT/DK1992000216

申请日：1992-07-06

Applicant: DANFOSS A/S ,  THOMSEN, Svend, Erik

Inventor： DANFOSS A/S

IPC: B62D05/09

CPC classification number: B62D5/093 ,  Y10T137/2562

Abstract: A flow amplifier (1) with an inlet (4) and an outlet (5) is provided, between which a first branch (6), through which a flow of a fluid to be amplified is flowing, with a first throttling device (8), the throttle resistance of which is adjusted in dependence on the pressure across and by the flow rate through the first throttling device, and a second branch (7) with a second throttling device (11), the throttle resistance of which is adjusted in dependence on the throttle resistance of the first throttling device. In a flow amplifier of that kind, the amplification factor is intended to be made independently of pressure losses in the generation of the flow to be amplified. For that purpose, at least one pressure-divider (14, 15; 17, 18) with a central take-off point (16; 19) is provided, which is supplied by a pressure difference between inlet (4) and outlet (5), the pressure at the central take-off point (15, 19) controlling the flow rate through the second throttling device (11).

公开(公告)号：WO1992022763A1

公开(公告)日：1992-12-23

申请号：PCT/DK1992000188

申请日：1992-06-17

Applicant: DANFOSS A/S ,  GRAVESEN, Peter ,  BRANEBJERG, Jens, Anders

Inventor： DANFOSS A/S

IPC: F16K11/02

CPC classification number: F16K99/0001 ,  F15C5/00 ,  F16K99/0015 ,  F16K99/0034 ,  F16K99/0051 ,  F16K99/0059 ,  F16K2099/0074 ,  H01H59/00 ,  H01H59/0009

Abstract: A miniature actuating device (1), is disclosed, with a carrier (13), a diaphragm (11), a hollow space (15) being formed between the carrier (13) and the diaphragm (11) and an insulating layer (12) being arranged between them, and with two electrode terminals (16, 17) for producing an electrostatic field between the diaphragm and the carrier for an activated state. With an actuating device of this kind, it is desired that the throw that can be achieved under the influence of the electrostatic field be rendered as large as possible. To that end, the hollow space is present only in the state of rest and in the activated state virtually disappears.

公开(公告)号：WO1998015790A1

公开(公告)日：1998-04-16

申请号：PCT/DK1997000434

申请日：1997-10-08

Applicant: DANFOSS A/S ,  HARVEST, Nils-Ole ,  AARESTRUP, Jan

Inventor： DANFOSS A/S

IPC: F25B49/02

CPC classification number: F25B49/025 ,  F24F11/83 ,  F24F11/85 ,  F25B2600/021 ,  G05D13/62 ,  Y02B30/741

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for speed control of a compressor, particularly a refrigeration compressor, and a control arrangement using this method. The speed control is effected in that a control arrangement varies the speed of an electric motor in dependence of simple ON/OFF signals from a thermostat placed in the surroundings to be cooled. The method according to the invention is characterised in that the starting speed of the compressor in a following ON period is reduced in relation to the final speed in the previous ON period. A continuous reduction of the starting speed of each ON period results in a self-regulating control giving long compressor operation times and an averagely low speed resulting in energy savings. A control arrangement using this method is also described.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种压缩机，特别是制冷压缩机的速度控制方法和使用该方法的控制装置。 速度控制的实现是，控制装置根据放置在待冷却的周围环境中的恒温器的简单的ON / OFF信号来改变电动机的速度。 根据本发明的方法的特征在于，在接下来的接通时间段内的压缩机的启动速度相对于先前接通时间段的最终速度减小。 每个接通时间段的启动速度的持续降低导致自动调节控制，给出长的压缩机操作时间和平均低的速度，从而节省能量。 还描述了使用该方法的控制装置。

公开(公告)号：WO1998009006A1

公开(公告)日：1998-03-05

申请号：PCT/DK1997000344

申请日：1997-08-26

Applicant: DANFOSS A/S ,  BJERRUM, Niels, Janniksen ,  CHRISTENSEN, Erik ,  STEENBERG, Thomas

Inventor： DANFOSS A/S

IPC: C25D11/36

CPC classification number: F16L5/02 ,  C25D9/10 ,  C25D11/36

Abstract: A method for electrochemical phosphating of metal surfaces, particularly stainless steel, in connection with cold forming of metal workpieces, which method provides the cold formed work-piece with a lubricant after phosphating, involves an electrochemical phosphating through a cathodic process applying an aqueous phosphating solution containing: 0.5 to 100 g Ca /1, 0.5 to 100 g Zn /1, 5 to 100 g PO4 /1, 0 to 100 g NO3 /1, 0 to 100 g ClO3 /1 and 0 to 50 g F or Cl /1, by which the temperature of the solution is between 0 and 95 DEG C, the pH-value of the solution is between 0.5 and 5, and the current density is between 0.1 and 250 mA/cm . This gives a good lubrication effect, a good adhesion to the metal surface, particularly stainless steel, and a more expedient texture than ordinary phosphating.

Abstract translation: 金属表面，特别是不锈钢的电化学磷酸化方法与金属工件的冷成型相结合，该方法在磷化之后提供具有润滑剂的冷成型工件，涉及通过施加磷酸盐水溶液的阴极工艺的电化学磷化 含有0.5〜100g Ca 2+，0.5〜100g Zn 2+，1〜5g / l PO 4 3 / 1,0〜100g NO 3 - / 1,0 至100克ClO 3 - / 1和0至50克F -1或Cl - / 1，溶液的温度在0至95℃之间，溶液的pH值介于 0.5和5，电流密度在0.1和250mA / cm 2之间。 这提供了良好的润滑效果，与金属表面，特别是不锈钢的良好粘附性，以及比普通磷化更方便的质地。

公开(公告)号：WO1998002959A1

公开(公告)日：1998-01-22

申请号：PCT/DK1997000309

申请日：1997-07-14

Applicant: DANFOSS A/S ,  BIRK, Jens

Inventor： DANFOSS A/S

IPC: H02P06/08

CPC classification number: H02P6/14 ,  H02P29/40 ,  H02P2201/07

Abstract: Method for commutation of a brushless motor (3) being supplied with electrical energy from a DC intermediary circuit via a multi-phase inverter, by which a first current and a second current value are determined and the length of a commutation interval is set in dependence of these current values. With motors being exposed to heavily varying load torques during one rotation, e.g. motors driving a compressor, a stable operation must be reached. For this purpose a correction value is added to the pre-set commutation interval determined by the speed of the motor (3), said correction value being the result of the difference of the actual value of the intermediary circuit current and a filtered and delayed value of the intermediary circuit current, multiplied by a weighting factor.

Abstract translation: 通过多相逆变器从直流中介电路向无刷电动机（3）进行换向的方法，由此确定第一电流和第二电流值，依次设定换向间隔的长度 的这些当前值。 由于电动机在一个旋转期间暴露于大大变化的负载转矩，例如 驱动压缩机的电机，必须达到稳定的运行。 为此，将校正值添加到由电动机（3）的速度确定的预设换向间隔中，所述校正值是中间电路电流的实际值和滤波和延迟值的差值的结果 的中间电路电流乘以加权因子。

公开(公告)号：WO1997047511A1

公开(公告)日：1997-12-18

申请号：PCT/DK1997000247

申请日：1997-06-04

Applicant: DANFOSS A/S ,  SORENSEN, Soren, Nygaard

Inventor： DANFOSS A/S

IPC: B62D05/30

CPC classification number: B62D5/32 ,  B62D5/097

Abstract: A hydrostatic steering device has two steering systems (1, 2), each having a pump (5, 13), a steering unit (3, 11) and a steering motor (10, 16). A steering wheel (20) is common for both steering units (3, 11). The device comprises a change-over valve (24) which, in an operation position (A), creates a hydraulic connection of the motor hoses (14, 15) of the second steering system (2), and in an emergency position (B), the motor hoses (8, 9) of the first steering system, and a switching device (25) reacting on the occurrence of a fault in the first steering system (1) and switching the change-over valve (24) from the operation position (A) to the emergency position (B). This enables a steering operation, also on failure of the first steering system, for the operation of the steering wheel, however, only a relatively small torque is required.

Abstract translation: 静液压转向装置具有两个转向系统（1,2），每个转向系统具有泵（5,13），转向单元（3,11）和转向马达（10,16）。 方向盘（20）对于两个转向单元（3,11）是共同的。 该装置包括转换阀（24），其在操作位置（A）中产生第二转向系统（2）的电动机软管（14,15）的液压连接，并在紧急位置（B ），第一转向系统的电动机软管（8,9）以及在第一转向系统（1）中发生故障而起作用的开关装置（25），并将转换阀（24）从 操作位置（A）到紧急位置（B）。 这样，也可以在第一转向系统的故障时进行方向盘的操作的转向操作，但是仅需要较小的转矩。

公开(公告)号：WO1997025559A1

公开(公告)日：1997-07-17

申请号：PCT/DK1996000540

申请日：1996-12-18

Applicant: DANFOSS A/S ,  FRIEDRICHSEN, Welm ,  MABIT, Xavier

Inventor： DANFOSS A/S

IPC: F16K01/44

CPC classification number: F16K17/0466 ,  F16K17/196 ,  F16K25/005

Abstract: A valve (10) is specified, having a closing member (2), co-operating with a valve seat (11), said closing member (2) and said valve seat (11) each having in their contact area a closing surface (16, 17), which bear against each other in the closed state. With such a valve the improvement of the tightness must also be possible, even with a simple construction. For this purpose one of the closing surfaces (16, 17) is coated with a coating material (18), which is softer than the material of the other closing surface.

Abstract translation: 具有闭合部件（2）的阀（10）与阀座（11）配合，所述关闭部件（2）和所述阀座（11）各自具有接触区域的闭合表面（ 16,17），在封闭状态下相互抵触。 使用这种阀门，即使采用简单的结构，也可以提高密封性。 为此目的，一个闭合表面（16,17）涂覆有比另一个封闭表面的材料软的涂层材料（18）。

公开(公告)号：WO1997020145A1

公开(公告)日：1997-06-05

申请号：PCT/DK1996000493

申请日：1996-11-26

Applicant: DANFOSS A/S ,  KLAUSEN, Jorn, Holger ,  JORGENSEN, Tage ,  MADSEN, Ingvard, Mosby ,  FROSLEV, Peter

Inventor： DANFOSS A/S

IPC: F04C02/10

CPC classification number: F04C15/0026 ,  F16J15/3208

Abstract: The invention concerns an axial sealing for pumps or motors, in which a medium is pumped into a chamber (7), limited by a first side wall (5) and a second side wall (6). The medium is pumped by a rotating element (9), preferably a pump wheel driven by a rotatable shaft (2). Due to the use of new pump media having a lower viscosity than previously used pump media, and due to the detrimental corrosive effect of these pump media, among others on the rotatable shaft, it is necessary to provide new sealings. The axial sealing according to the invention comprises a sealing element (19) extending around the rotatable shaft (2). In the radial direction the sealing element (19) is arranged between the rotatable shaft (2) and an inlet (12) and/or an outlet (13). The axial sealing according to the invention is able to maintain sufficient pressures in the chamber at high speeds of the rotating element, under which pumps and motors for the new pump media are working. The axial sealing according to the invention is also able to maintain the sealing in case of a leak of pump medium between the side walls (5, 6) and the rotating element (9), and is also able to maintain the sealing during a standstill of the pump.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于泵或电动机的轴向密封，其中介质被泵入由第一侧壁（5）和第二侧壁（6）限定的室（7）中。 介质由旋转元件（9）泵送，优选地由可旋转轴（2）驱动的泵轮泵送。 由于使用具有比先前使用的泵介质更低的粘度的新型泵介质，并且由于这些泵介质在旋转轴上的不利腐蚀作用，因此需要提供新的密封。 根据本发明的轴向密封包括围绕可旋转轴（2）延伸的密封元件（19）。 在径向方向上，密封元件（19）设置在可旋转轴（2）和入口（12）和/或出口（13）之间。 根据本发明的轴向密封能够在旋转元件的高速度下在腔室中保持足够的压力，在该泵上和新的泵介质的马达上工作。 根据本发明的轴向密封还能够在侧壁（5,6）和旋转元件（9）之间的泵介质泄漏的情况下保持密封，并且还能够在静止期间保持密封 的泵。

公开(公告)号：WO1997017579A1

公开(公告)日：1997-05-15

申请号：PCT/DK1996000462

申请日：1996-11-07

Applicant: DANFOSS A/S ,  STEFANSSON, Thorvardur, Skuli ,  LOH, Uwe ,  ESPENSEN, Jorgen

Inventor： DANFOSS A/S

IPC: F25B41/04

CPC classification number: F25B41/067 ,  F25B41/04

Abstract: A compressor operated refrigeration plant is equipped with a self-acting diaphragm valve (7), which blocks the condenser (5) in the standstill periods of the compressor. The valve (7) has a temperature sensor (23) in thermal contact with the suction pipe of the compressor. During the operation of the compressor the temperature sensor (23) is cooled, as the suction pipe is cooled by the cold refrigerant gas from the evaporator flowing through said suction pipe. During standstill of the compressor the temperature sensor is heated by radiated heat from the compressor and by the heat led back into the suction pipe from the compressor. The valve (7) is actuated by the pressure difference arising between the temperature sensor and the condenser due to the alternating cooling and heating of the temperature sensor. The valve is a diaphragm valve in which the diaphragm serves as valve plate. The valve seat is a lilp of elastic material on a valve seat element. The valve seat element has a second lip of elastic material, which surrounds a through-hole in the body and lies sealingly against the valve housing around an outlet opening. The lifting height of the valve plate can be adjusted by displacing the valve seat element, whereby the second lip is compressed more or less strongly.

Abstract translation: 压缩机运行的制冷设备配备有自动隔膜阀（7），其在压缩机的停滞时段内阻塞冷凝器（5）。 阀（7）具有与压缩机的吸入管热接触的温度传感器（23）。 在压缩机的操作期间，由于吸入管被来自蒸发器的冷制冷剂气体冷却，所以温度传感器（23）被冷却。 在压缩机停止期间，温度传感器通过来自压缩机的辐射热量加热，并将热量从压缩机引回到吸入管中。 由于温度传感器的交替冷却和加热，阀（7）由温度传感器和冷凝器之间产生的压差驱动。 阀是隔膜阀，隔膜用作阀板。 阀座是阀座上的弹性材料。 阀座元件具有弹性材料的第二唇缘，其围绕主体中的通孔并围绕出口开口密封地靠在阀壳体上。 可以通过使阀座元件移位来调节阀板的提升高度，由此第二唇缘或多或少地被压缩。

公开(公告)号：WO1997014205A1

公开(公告)日：1997-04-17

申请号：PCT/DK1996000418

申请日：1996-10-03

Applicant: DANFOSS A/S ,  BLÅBJERG, Frede

Inventor： DANFOSS A/S

IPC: H02H07/122

CPC classification number: G01R31/42 ,  G01R31/282 ,  H02H7/1227 ,  H02P29/0241

Abstract: When measuring fault currents in an inverter, in which controlled semiconductor switches are pulse width modulated, PWM-VSI, to convert a DC voltage from an intermediary circuit to a 3-phase AC voltage, DC currents are measured in the positive and the negative rail of the inverter, so that it is possible to detect faults originating from both short-circuits and earthing faults, maintaining a high sensitivity when reconstructing phase currents, which can be made by a so-called vector modulation, called (SFAVM), in which the states of the individual transistor switches are defined in a vector room (SFAVM) having six active states in which current flows in the inverter and two active states in which no current flows in the inverter. On the basis of the DC current measurements the phase currents can be reconstructed, and all faults can be detected. As mentioned, the measurement takes place as a measurement of DC currents, and for this purpose two transducers are used, which are constructed in a way that at the same current they give two different physical values, so that if there is no fault on the inverter, the phase current can still be reconstructed. The invention is especially expedient in connection with motor controls, active inverters, active filters, compensators, etc.

Abstract translation: 当测量逆变器中的受限半导体开关进行脉宽调制的故障电流时，PWM-VSI将直流电压从中间电路转换为三相交流电压，直流电流在正极和负极轨道 使得可以检测由短路和接地故障引起的故障，在重构相电流时保持高灵敏度，这可以通过所谓的（SFAVM）所谓的矢量调制进行，其中 单个晶体管开关的状态被定义在具有六个有效状态的向量室（SFAVM）中，其中电流在逆变器中流动，并且在逆变器中没有电流流动的两个活动状态。 在直流电流测量的基础上，可以重建相电流，并且可以检测所有的故障。 如上所述，测量是作为直流电流的测量而进行的，为此，使用两个换能器，它们的构造方式是在相同的电流下给出两个不同的物理值，以便如果没有故障 逆变器，相电流仍然可以重构。 本发明特别适用于电动机控制，有源逆变器，有源滤波器，补偿器等。