Abstract:
PURPOSE:To eliminate the residual displacement of a displacement generating element by a method wherein a drive signal which is applied to the element is contrived. CONSTITUTION:A drive signal like an a-c drive signal in the diagram (a) is given to a bimorph 7 and it is assumed that the drive signal is periodically driven and is stopped at a point c. At this time, the bimorph 7 is displaced as shown by the diagram (b). In order to dissolve the residual displacement of this bimorph, one cycle of a voltage waveform, whose voltage and period are identical with the voltage and period of a drive signal waveform 1 shown between b-the c and whose phase is opposite to that of the waveform 1, is applied to the bimorph after the stop of the drive signal. This is assumed to be an initial position recovery signal 2. By the application of this signal 2, the bimorph 7 is displaced as shown by the diagram (b) and at the time of the stop of the signal 2 at a point e, the residual displacement of the bimorph is eliminated.
Abstract:
PURPOSE:To produce a large force through high speed operation by arranging first and second displacing means in parallel, with one ends thereof being fixed, and arranging a third displacing means perpendicularly to the first and second displacing means through a fixing member. CONSTITUTION:Each electrode and resilient board of bimorph piezoelectric displacement elements constituting first and second displacement means are connected through lead wires 191 with a horizontal drive voltage source 201, while each electrode and resilient board of bimorph piezoelectric elements constituting a third displacement means are connected through lead wires 192 with a vertical drive voltage source 202. Upon application of voltage, each piezoelectric bimorph deforms as shown by wave lines and an adapter translates in horizontal and vertical directions. The displacement can be controlled independently based on Vh, Vv. By such arrangement, large force can be produced and resonance frequency can be increased resulting in high speed and highly accurate inch worming.
Abstract:
PURPOSE:To obtain a two-dimensional micromotion stage which can be moved in the directions of (x), (y) and theta at a high speed, by a constitution wherein a plurality of bimorph type piezoelectric displacement elements are fixed at four points, rigidity is high, therefore a body to be driven, large in weight, can be mounted, the resonant frequency is high, and therefore the effect of external vibration is hard to exert. CONSTITUTION:A base table 6 is provided. First linking members 11 to 14 are fixed to four points which are positioned on the base table 6 at an equal interval. Second linking members 21 to 24 which are free from the base table 6 are arranged at intermediate points between the first linking members 11 to 14. A third linking member 3 is arranged at the central position of the arrangement of the first and second linking members 11 to 14 and 21 to 24. The linking member 3 is free from the base table 6 and serves the role of a stage on which a body to be driven is mounted. Bimorph type piezoelectric displacement elements 51 to 512 are arranged in the reverse directions one another with the intermediate points as boundaries between the first and third linking members 11 to 14, 21 to 24 and 3, respectively. Both ends of the elements 51 to 512 are linked to the linking members 11 to 14, 21 to 24 and 3 in a fixed pattern. The polarizing directions of the elements 51 to 512 are in parallel with the surface of the base table 6.
Abstract:
PURPOSE:To inhibit the lowering of the displacement of each bimorph element, and to extract a large quantity of displacement efficiently by connecting a plurality of the bimorph elements without constraining the displacement of the bimorph elements. CONSTITUTION:A first layer rectangular type bimorph element 11 is fixed by a fixture 21 at a central section, and coupled with a second iayer bimorph element 12, the direction of displacement of which is opposed and which is arranged oppositely, by U-shaped leaf springs 31, 32 functioning as electrodes combining shim materials. Each central section is combined by a fixture 22 in the element 12 and a third layer bimorph element 13. Consequently, a member in which the central sections of two bimorph elements are connected and unified mutually by the fixture is used as a fundamental element, the members are laminated at multistages, and maximum displacement sections in the adjacent fundamental elements are coupled mutually by the leaf springs for both-end support sections, thus inhibiting the lowering of the quantities of each element displaced at a time when the bimorph elements are formed in multistage structure. Accordingly, a laminated type piezoelectric displacement element having a large quantity of displacement can be realized.
Abstract:
PURPOSE:To obtain a deflecting device simplified at its mechanism, and reduced at its size, weight and power consumption to utilize the device for laser beams or the like by connecting a light deflecting mirror with plural piezoelectric deformation elements utilizing thickness share vibration through a flexible coupling means. CONSTITUTION:Two lamination type piezoelectric elements 51, 52 are connected to a power supply 4, and at the time of impressing voltage, the elements 51, 52 are displaced respectively in the X and -X directions. The mirror 7 is coupled with the elements 51, 52 through hinges 81, 82, and at the time of deforming the elements 51, 52, the mirror 7 is rotated around the Z axis and incident light is deflected by theta. Since the deflecting mirror is rotated and deflection is executed by utilizing the deformation of the lamination type piezoelectric deforming elements utilizing thickness share vibration and the elements are small and light-weight, the deflecting device can be easily miniaturized and light-weighted and deflection can be attained with low power consumption.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an organic electroluminescent element having high visibility of a transmission image, and to provide an illumination device and an illumination system.SOLUTION: An organic electroluminescent element including a first substrate, a second substrate, and a laminate is provided. The first substrate is light-transmissive. The second substrate is light-transmissive. The laminate is provided between the first substrate and the second substrate. The laminate includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic light-emitting layer. The first electrode is light-transmissive. The second electrode includes an aperture, and a light-reflective conductive part. The second electrode is laminated on the first electrode in the lamination direction of first and second substrates. The organic light-emitting layer is provided between the first and second electrodes. When projected onto a plane perpendicular to the lamination direction, the second substrate includes a light scattering part overlapping the conductive part.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an organic electroluminescent element, a luminaire, and an illumination system capable of easily wiring a plurality of elements together.SOLUTION: According to an embodiment, an organic electroluminescent element equipped with a first substrate, a first electrode, an organic luminescent layer, a second electrode, a second substrate, a first terminal part, and a second terminal part is provided. The first substrate has a polygonal-shaped top face including an element area and an outer circumferential area surrounding the element area. The first electrode is provided on the element area. The organic luminescent layer is provided on the first electrode. The second electrode is provided on the organic luminescent layer. The second substrate is provided on the second electrode, and covers the organic luminescent layer and the second electrode. The first terminal part is provided on the outer circumferential area, and is electrically connected with the first electrode. The second terminal part is provided on the outer circumferential area apart from the first terminal part, and is electrically connected with the second electrode. At least one of the first terminal part and the second terminal part runs along each of a plurality of sides on the top face.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an organic electroluminescent element which can be improved in light extraction efficiency, and a light-emitting device.SOLUTION: The organic electroluminescent element according to an embodiment includes: a first electrode; a reflection layer provided facing the first electrode; an organic light-emitting layer provided between the first electrode and the reflection layer; a second electrode provided between the organic light-emitting layer and the reflection layer; and an optical buffer layer provided between the second electrode and the reflection layer. The refractive index of the optical buffer layer is lower than that of the organic light-emitting layer.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an organic electroluminescent element having high light extraction efficiency.SOLUTION: The organic electroluminescent element of an embodiment includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a first organic layer, and a second organic layer. The second electrode contains a metal. The first organic layer is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode and emits light. The second organic layer is provided between the first organic layer and the second electrode. A refractive index for the light in the thickness direction of the second organic layer is lower than a refractive index for the light of the first organic layer.