Abstract:
The invention concerns an underwater water treatment unit which has specific cleaning means which are suitable for cleaning filtration membranes in the unconventional conditions associated with use at great or very great depths, as well as a method for cleaning the membrane of the underwater water treatment unit.
Abstract:
Process for liquefying natural gas in a cryogenic heat exchanger by flowing in indirect contact with refrigerant fluid entering heat exchanger at a first inlet at temperature T0 and pressure P1, and flowing through the exchanger as co-current with the natural gas stream, leaving the heat exchanger in the liquid state, then being expanded at the cold end of the exchanger to return to gaseous state at a pressure P′1 P1 and temperature T1 T0, before leaving the hot end of exchanger by outlet orifice in gaseous state T0. The fluid is then reliquefied to the inlet of the exchanger via compression followed by partial condensation and phase separation, a first liquid phase taken to the first inlet, a first gaseous portion compressed by a second compressor and cooled in desuperheater by contact with portion of the first liquid phase, prior to condensing in a second condenser.
Abstract:
A method for liquefying a natural gas primarily including methane, preferably at least 85% of methane, the other components essentially including nitrogen and C2-C4 alkanes, in which the natural gas to be liquefied is liquefied by circulating at a pressure P0 no lower than the atmospheric pressure (Patm), P0 preferably being higher than the atmospheric pressure, in at least one cryogenic heat-exchanger (EC1, EC2, EC3) by a counter-current closed-circuit circulation in indirect contact with at least one stream of coolant gas remaining in the compressed gaseous state at a pressure P1 that is entering the cryogenic heat-exchanger at a temperature T3′ that is lower than T3, T3 being the liquefaction temperature of the liquefied natural gas at the pressure P0 at the output of said cryogenic exchanger, characterised in that the coolant gas includes a mixture of nitrogen and at least one other component selected from among neon and hydrogen.
Abstract:
A method for producing a steel underwater pipe for carrying a corrosive fluid, includes the successive steps: applying a layer of corrosion-resistant steel alloy on a terminal part of the internal wall of each pipe element from its end to be welded; the application of a plastic coating, on the internal wall of each pipe element; covering only a first part of the layer of metal alloy, a terminal part of the layer of metal ally on the side of the end to be welded of each pipe element not being covered by the plastic coating; the coaxial insertion and the crimping of a compression ring against the terminal part of the plastic coating; and the assembly by welding directly together the ends of two pipe elements by a corrosion-resistant steel alloy weld.
Abstract:
A subsea installation for heating a multiphase effluent circulating inside a subsea shell, includes at least one pipeline section disposed along a vertical direction and has an inner tube, an outer tube disposed around the inner tube while being coaxial therewith, a thermal insulation layer, and a system for heating by induction the outer tube. The outer tube has at a lower end an intake aperture to allow circulation of the multiphase effluent from bottom to top in an annular space delimited between the outer tube and the inner tube. The inner tube opening is at an upper end inside the outer tube and emerges at a lower end towards a discharge outlet for the multiphase effluent to allow counter-current circulation of the multiphase effluent from top to bottom inside the inner tube.
Abstract:
A process and a device for determining the volume of liquid remaining inside a flexible pouch provided with means for dispensing the liquid to be consumed comprises placing the pouch inside a rigid envelope filled with a known volume V1 of a first measuring liquid having an electrical conductivity C1, during the dispensing of a volume VA of liquid to be consumed, admitting inside the rigid envelope the same volume of a second measuring liquid present outside the rigid envelope and having an electrical conductivity C2 different from the electrical conductivity C1, measuring the electrical conductivity CM of the mixture of the measuring liquids present inside the rigid envelope, determining the volume VA of liquid to be consumed which has been dispensed from the measurement of the electrical conductivity C3, and calculating the volume Vr of liquid to be consumed remaining inside the pouch from the volumes Vi and VA.
Abstract:
A method for determining the linear electrical resistance in AC mode of a steel pipeline, including the steps of generating in a portion of the pipeline an induced current by means of an induction coil centered on a longitudinal axis of the pipeline and traversed by an AC current. The coil is housed in a yoke made of ferromagnetic material in order to confine the magnetic field to a predefined surface of the pipeline portion, measuring the active power dissipated by the pipeline portion subjected to the magnetic field, measuring the amplitude of the produced magnetic field, and determining the linear electrical resistance in AC mode of the pipeline portion from the measurements of the dissipated active power and the amplitude of the induced magnetic field. A device is provided for implementing such a method.
Abstract:
A floating support structure for an offshore wind turbine, comprises a float intended to be partly immersed and on which a wind turbine mast is intended to be assembled, and a counterweight connected to the float and intended to be immersed under the float. The float comprises a toroid or polygon-shaped main structure with at least five sides, a central tubular structure having a diameter adapted to receive the mast of the wind turbine and comprising a section able to be ballasted in order to adjust the waterline of the float, a first series of horizontal struts distributed about a vertical axis and connecting the main structure to the central structure, and a second series of oblique struts distributed about a vertical axis and connecting the main structure to the central structure at an angle comprised between 15° and 60° with the horizontal struts.
Abstract:
A method for assembling two tubes (1, 2) made from thermoplastic materials, that involves welding by heating two applied rotational contact surfaces of two parts of two tubes (1, 2), respectively, arranged end to end or overlapping coaxially (XX′). The method involves induction heating of at least one conductive welding element (4), arranged at the interface (3) between the two contact surfaces, by generating a magnetic field at said conductive welding element or elements, such that the melting of the thermoplastic materials constituting said contact surfaces produces a continuous and sealed weld at said interface on at least one closed loop along the entire perimeter of said interface.
Abstract:
A device for jointing elements of a pipeline for the transport of fluids includes a support structure on which a pipeline section to be jointed is intended to be mounted, two parallel fixed rails, four plates each comprising a first element capable of cooperating with a rail and a second element fixed on the support structure. The first and the second elements of each plate is linked by a first cylinder aligned along a first adjustment axis and a second cylinder aligned along a second adjustment axis, and a system for controlling the cylinders of the plates to achieve movements along the first and second adjustment axes and capable of cooperating with a system for guiding in translation the support structure along the longitudinal axis of the pipeline section to allow jointing of the pipeline section and the pipeline element.