Abstract:
Handheld electronic devices are provided that contain wireless communications circuitry. The wireless communications circuitry may include antenna structures. An antenna may be located in an upper right corner of the handheld device as the handheld device is operated in a portrait mode. When the handheld device is rotated counterclockwise and operated in a landscape mode, the antenna is located in an unobstructed upper left corner of the device. The antenna may be formed from a strip of conductor. A proximal end of the strip of conductor may be connected to a transmission line. A distal end of the strip of conductor may be routed away from housing surfaces by bends formed in the strip. A printed circuit board in the handheld electronic device may have a hole. The distal end of the strip of conductor may be located adjacent to the hole.
Abstract:
A cavity-backed antenna 26, or an electronic device, comprises a cavity-backed resonant antenna element 70 where the cavity 72 is formed from a dielectric support structure 112 covered with a layer of conductive material 74, 76. The dielectric material may be a moulded plastic support structure 112 with surfaces covered by a conductive metal such as copper or aluminium via any suitable deposition technique. The resonant antenna element 70 may take any form including one or more open and/or closed slot arrangements in a conductive plate or conductive layer formed on a printed circuit board, planar inverted-F antenna arrangements, patch antennas or various monopole and/or dipole printed antenna arrangements. The antenna may be arranged to operate in one or more different frequency bands. The cavity backed antenna 26 may be used in a housing associated with an electronic device such as a computer or a mobile phone. An antenna window may be provided in the said housing where the window may be formed by a region of dielectric material or from antenna window slots formed in a conductive member such as a conductive wall of the electronic device housing.
Abstract:
An apparatus 10 comprises an antenna with a resonant element 76 and a metal electronic device housing 12 that forms an antenna ground element for the antenna. The antenna resonant element 76 is attached by a layer of adhesive 76 to the planar surface of a planar dielectric member 52. The planar dielectric member 52 may be a rectangular transparent display cover glass member with an opaque masking layer of black ink located along a peripheral portion of the said glass member where the antenna resonant element 76 may be adhered. A radio-frequency transceiver and transmission line may be coupled to the antenna. The antenna resonant member 76 and/or the transmission line may be formed by a flexible printed circuit using a polymer sheet substrate. The antenna resonating element 76, possibly backed by a conductive cavity, may be held in position by a biasing structure 78, such as foam, which presses the antenna resonant member 46 towards the inner surface of the display glass 52. The biasing structure may extend between the metal housing and the antenna resonant element. The antenna may be inverted-F antenna.
Abstract:
A handheld electronic device may be provided that contains wireless communications circuitry. The handheld electronic device may have a housing and a display. The display may be attached to the housing using a conductive bezel. The handheld electronic device may have one or more antennas for supporting wireless communications. A ground plane in the handheld electronic device may serve as ground for one or more of the antennas. The ground plane and bezel may define an opening. A rectangular slot antenna or other suitable slot antenna may be formed from or within the opening. One or more antenna resonating elements may be formed above the slot. An electrical switch that bridges the slot may be used to modify the perimeter of the slot so as to tune the communications bands of the handheld electronic device.
Abstract:
Handheld electronic devices are provided that contain wireless communications circuitry having at least one antenna. The antenna may have a planar ground element and a planar resonating element. The planar ground element may have a rectangular shape that matches a rectangular housing shape for a handheld electronic device. A dielectric-filled slot may be formed in one end of the planar ground element. The planar resonating element may be located above the slot. The antenna may be a hybrid antenna that contains both a slot antenna structure formed from the slot and a planar inverted-F structure formed from the planar resonating element and the planar ground element. The antenna may be fed using a single transmission line or two transmission lines. With two transmission lines, one transmission line may be associated with the slot antenna structure and one transmission line may be associated with the planar inverted-F antenna structure.
Abstract:
Handheld electronic devices are provided that contain wireless communications circuitry having at least first and second antennas. An antenna isolation element reduces signal interference between the antennas, so that the antennas may be used in close proximity to each other. A planar ground element may be used as a ground by the first and second antennas. The first antenna may be formed using a hybrid planar-inverted-F and slot arrangement in which a planar resonating element is located above a rectangular slot in the planar ground element. The second antenna may be formed from an L- shaped strip. The planar resonating element of the first antenna may have first and second arms. The first arm may resonate at a common frequency with the second antenna and may serve as the isolation element. The second arm may resonate at approximately the same frequency as the slot portion of the hybrid antenna.
Abstract:
A handheld device may include one or more antennas and a connector both disposed at a base of the handheld device. The connector may have a shell comprising a conductive material. The connector shell may include at least one opening in a portion of the conductive material to reduce electromagnetic interference between the connector shell and the one or more antennas.
Abstract:
An electronic device may include wireless circuitry that is configured to transmit wireless signals during operation. A maximum transmit power level may be established that serves as a cap on how much power is transmitted from the electronic device. Adjustments may be made to the maximum transmit power level in real time based on sensor signals and other information on the operating state of the electronic device. The sensor signals may include motion signals from an accelerometer. The sensor signals may also include ultrasonic sound detected by a microphone. Device orientation data may be used by the device to select whether to measure the ultrasonic sound using a front facing or rear facing microphone. Maximum transmit power level may also be adjusted based on whether or not sound is playing through an ear speaker in the device.