公开(公告)号：DE69836686D1

公开(公告)日：2007-02-01

申请号：DE69836686

申请日：1998-09-08

Applicant: BOREALIS TECH LTD

Inventor： TAVKHELIDZE AVTO ,  EDELSON JONATHAN SIDNEY

IPC: H02N2/00 ,  F25B21/00 ,  H01J21/08 ,  H01J45/00 ,  H02N2/06 ,  H02N3/00

Abstract: Diode devices are disclosed in which the separation of the electrodes is set and controlled using piezo-electric, electrostrictive or magnetostrictive actuators. This avoids problems associated with electrode spacing changing or distorting as a result of heat stress. In addition it allows the operation of these devices at electrode separations which permit quantum electron tunneling between them. Pairs of electrodes whose surfaces replicate each other are also disclosed. These may be used in constructing devices with very close electrode spacings.

公开(公告)号：FR1497992A

公开(公告)日：1967-10-13

申请号：FR81939

申请日：1966-10-28

Applicant: PHILIPS NV

Inventor： JANSEN CONSTANT GYBERTUS JOHAN ,  VENEMA ALBERTUS ,  WEEKERS THEODORUS HUBERTUS

IPC: H01J1/28 ,  H01J19/74 ,  H01J21/08

公开(公告)号：DE1217504B

公开(公告)日：1966-05-26

申请号：DEN0020964

申请日：1961-12-16

Applicant: PHILIPS NV

Inventor： LINGERS FRANCISCUS

IPC: H01J21/08 ,  H01J23/05

公开(公告)号：DE1061449B

公开(公告)日：1959-07-16

申请号：DEP0021073

申请日：1958-07-25

Applicant: IAPATELHOLDIA PATENTVERWERTUNG

Inventor： EKKERS DR PHIL GYSBERT JACOB

IPC: H01J21/08

公开(公告)号：DE1021504B

公开(公告)日：1957-12-27

申请号：DEN0013522

申请日：1957-04-10

Applicant: PHILIPS NV

Inventor： COETERIER FREDERIK

IPC: H01J21/08

公开(公告)号：DE1016301B

公开(公告)日：1957-09-26

申请号：DEC0006037

申请日：1952-06-28

Applicant: CHROMATIC TELEVISION LAB INC

Inventor： LAWRENCE ERNEST ORLANDO

IPC: H01J21/08 ,  H04N9/24

Abstract: 718,652. Colour television. CHROMATIC TELEVISION LABORATORIES, Inc. June 24, 1952 [June 29, 1951], No. 15833/52. [Also in Group XXXV] In a colour television receiver wherein a scanning cathode-ray beam is arranged to impinge a phosphor target so as successively to develop light in the component colours, a first signal is generated indicative of the rate of repetition of a single selected component colour and compared in phase with a second signal indication of an optimum rate of colour repetition in the selected colour to develop a control signal representation of any difference therebetween, the control signal being applied substantially to eliminate the difference. In one arrangement the control signal is applied to modify the beam scanning velocity. In other arrangements the control signal is applied to modify both the beam scanning velocity and the rate at which the colour signals are applied to modulate the beam. In a first detailed embodiment, Fig. 6, the target of cathoderay tube 11 comprises phosphor strips in the sequence red, green, blue, green &c. which are scanned in a raster with the line direction transverse the strips. Located behind each blue strip is an electrode 33 which intercepts a small portion of the scanning beam and provides a pulse signal on a common connection 36. As the beam scans the target, a pulse series appears on connection 36 indicating the actual rate of scanning. Incoming red, blue and green colour signals appear in separate channels 43, 44, and 45 and are applied to the cathode-ray tube grid 18 through gate stages 75, 75', 75" which are opened in the sequence of scanning the colour phosphors by an oscillator 80 operating at a frequency determined by the optimum rate at which the colours are to be reproduced. Diodes 93 and 93' comprise a phase discriminator circuit to one input of which is applied the oscillator output and to the other input of which is applied the output of an amplifier 98 receiving the pulse series from connection 36. Any difference in phase between the two inputs results in a change of potential at point 100, the potential controlling a reactance tube stage 107 connected across the tuned circuit 85, 86 of the oscillator. Any difference between the actual and optimum rates of colour reproduction therefrom resu'ts in a change in the rate in which the colour signals are gated through to the cathoderay. tube in order to eliminate the difference and a velocity correction is also applied to the line scanning circuit (not shown), a potential to effect this correction being derived from across resistor 90 in the anode circuit of the oscillator. In another detailed embodiment, Fig. 7 (not shown), the oscillator tuned circuit is formed with a saturable reactor and the output of the phase discriminator is applied to control the frequency by means of an additional winding on this reactor. In a third embodiment, Fig. 5 (not shown), the reactance stage controls the line scanning circuit directly. In a fourth embodiment, Fig. 4 (not shown), the output of the phase discriminator circuit controls only the line scanning circuit. As an alternative to using a cathode-ray tube having internal electrodes to detect the passage of the beam over the blue phosphor strips, an external photo-electric cell may be employed in conjunction with an appropriately coloured filter, Fig. 8 (not shown). The electrodes 33 may be more widely spaced than shown in Fig. 6. In Fig. 6 the sequence of colour reproductoin is such that green repeats at twice the rate of either of the other colours and in order to gate the colour signals through in the same sequence it is necessary to open gate 75 11 attwice the rate of the others. This is effected by applying the output of oscil'ator circuit 80 to gate 75 and 75' directly and to gate 75" through a frequency doubling stage 125. To avoid colour contamination when the scanning beam momentarily impinges two phosphors whilst traversing from one to the other, the beam may be keyed at a high frequqency so as to be effective only when the beam impinges the centre of each strip. By this means, it is also possible to maintain a low intensity beam in the absence of signals in order to preserve a pulse output signal in electrodes 33 or the photo-tube in the arrangement of Fig. 8.

公开(公告)号：GB718652A

公开(公告)日：1954-11-17

申请号：GB1583352

申请日：1952-06-24

Applicant: CHROMATIC TELEVISION LAB INC

IPC: H01J21/08 ,  H04N9/24

Abstract: 718,652. Colour television. CHROMATIC TELEVISION LABORATORIES, Inc. June 24, 1952 [June 29, 1951], No. 15833/52. [Also in Group XXXV] In a colour television receiver wherein a scanning cathode-ray beam is arranged to impinge a phosphor target so as successively to develop light in the component colours, a first signal is generated indicative of the rate of repetition of a single selected component colour and compared in phase with a second signal indication of an optimum rate of colour repetition in the selected colour to develop a control signal representation of any difference therebetween, the control signal being applied substantially to eliminate the difference. In one arrangement the control signal is applied to modify the beam scanning velocity. In other arrangements the control signal is applied to modify both the beam scanning velocity and the rate at which the colour signals are applied to modulate the beam. In a first detailed embodiment, Fig. 6, the target of cathoderay tube 11 comprises phosphor strips in the sequence red, green, blue, green &c. which are scanned in a raster with the line direction transverse the strips. Located behind each blue strip is an electrode 33 which intercepts a small portion of the scanning beam and provides a pulse signal on a common connection 36. As the beam scans the target, a pulse series appears on connection 36 indicating the actual rate of scanning. Incoming red, blue and green colour signals appear in separate channels 43, 44, and 45 and are applied to the cathode-ray tube grid 18 through gate stages 75, 75', 75" which are opened in the sequence of scanning the colour phosphors by an oscillator 80 operating at a frequency determined by the optimum rate at which the colours are to be reproduced. Diodes 93 and 93' comprise a phase discriminator circuit to one input of which is applied the oscillator output and to the other input of which is applied the output of an amplifier 98 receiving the pulse series from connection 36. Any difference in phase between the two inputs results in a change of potential at point 100, the potential controlling a reactance tube stage 107 connected across the tuned circuit 85, 86 of the oscillator. Any difference between the actual and optimum rates of colour reproduction therefrom resu'ts in a change in the rate in which the colour signals are gated through to the cathoderay. tube in order to eliminate the difference and a velocity correction is also applied to the line scanning circuit (not shown), a potential to effect this correction being derived from across resistor 90 in the anode circuit of the oscillator. In another detailed embodiment, Fig. 7 (not shown), the oscillator tuned circuit is formed with a saturable reactor and the output of the phase discriminator is applied to control the frequency by means of an additional winding on this reactor. In a third embodiment, Fig. 5 (not shown), the reactance stage controls the line scanning circuit directly. In a fourth embodiment, Fig. 4 (not shown), the output of the phase discriminator circuit controls only the line scanning circuit. As an alternative to using a cathode-ray tube having internal electrodes to detect the passage of the beam over the blue phosphor strips, an external photo-electric cell may be employed in conjunction with an appropriately coloured filter, Fig. 8 (not shown). The electrodes 33 may be more widely spaced than shown in Fig. 6. In Fig. 6 the sequence of colour reproductoin is such that green repeats at twice the rate of either of the other colours and in order to gate the colour signals through in the same sequence it is necessary to open gate 75 11 attwice the rate of the others. This is effected by applying the output of oscil'ator circuit 80 to gate 75 and 75' directly and to gate 75" through a frequency doubling stage 125. To avoid colour contamination when the scanning beam momentarily impinges two phosphors whilst traversing from one to the other, the beam may be keyed at a high frequqency so as to be effective only when the beam impinges the centre of each strip. By this means, it is also possible to maintain a low intensity beam in the absence of signals in order to preserve a pulse output signal in electrodes 33 or the photo-tube in the arrangement of Fig. 8.

公开(公告)号：GB716731A

公开(公告)日：1954-10-13

申请号：GB141552

申请日：1952-01-17

Applicant: MINI OF SUPPLY

Inventor： ALDER NORMAN LLEWELLYN

IPC: G10K1/34 ,  H01J21/08

Abstract: 716,731. Thermionic-cathode tubes. MINISTER OF SUPPLY. Jan. 15, 1953 [Jan. 17, 1952], No. 1415/52. Class 39(1) [Also in Group XXXVIII] A transducer producing electrical variations corresponding to variations in external pressure comprises a thermionic diode valve whose cathode is fixed, and whose anode is attached to a flexible membrane, whereby variations in pressure alter the distance between the electrodes to vary the impedance of the valve, which may be measured by means of a phantastron circuit. Construction. A glass valve envelope 1 (Fig. 1) closed by a flexible copper, aneroid diaphragm 2, contains a heater 10 and cathode 9, surrounded by a ring member 12 which prevents the diaphragm from touching the cathode. The diaphragm 2 is biased upwardly by a spring strip 15, located by a threaded stem 16 attached at the centre of the diaphragm and held in tension by a nut and collar 19, the diaphragm being normally a short distance from ring 12. Reduction of the external atmospheric pressure causes the diaphragm 2 to move away from the cathode 9, thereby changing the impedance of the valve. Measuring atmospheric pressure. The transducer 21 (Fig. 4) forms part of a potentiometer 22 controlling the anode voltage of a pentode valve 25 arranged as a phantastron, so that a pulse applied at the SYNCH terminal 26 initiates a phantastron cycle, producing an output pulse at terminal 27 whose length is proportional to the anode voltage, and may be measured. The apparatus may be attached to a radiosonde balloon.

公开(公告)号：FR60011E

公开(公告)日：1954-09-22

申请号：FR60011D

申请日：1949-03-31

IPC: H01J21/08

公开(公告)号：DE905290C

公开(公告)日：1954-03-01

申请号：DES0013746

申请日：1943-02-19

Applicant: SIEMENS AG

Inventor： SABLATNIG ING ALBIN ,  ZELENKA ING JOHANN

IPC: H01J21/08