Abstract:
A self-validating output module in a control system includes a current detector (240) and an operating component having at least two states. When the operating component is in the first state, current is directed away from a current detector and toward a load (230). When it is in its second state, current is directed toward the current detector and away from the load. The presence or absence of current on the current detector is thus a status signal (260) indicative of whether or not current is being supplied to the load. This status signal is then made available to a controller.
Abstract:
In a distillation control system, a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) sensor identifies the composition of petroleum distillates from a distillation tower, and preferably also identifies the composition of the input feed method. This information is processed to obtain estimates of values of selected properties of the distillates and the feed. These values are provided to a multivariate controller, together with a setpoint of desired quality factors selected on the basis of competitive market forces, environmental regulations and economic factors including feed and product prices and operating cost. On the basis of the NMR measured values of selected quality properties, the multivariate controller generates values of manipulated operating variables that, when applied to the distillation system, adjust the distillation operation to reduce differences between the controlled variables and their respective setpoints. The ultimate values of the operating variables are determined, preferably in conjunction with an optimizer so that product qualities are maintained and the tower is operated in an economically optimum manner subject to specific characteristics of the refinery.
Abstract:
A solid state transducer (310) for a Coriolis flowmeter having a flow tube (15) adapted to vibrate at a predetermined resonance frequency to determine mass flow rate of a fluid passing therethrough. The transducer includes a driver having a strain element, such as an elongated piezoelectric or magnetostrictive element (318) fastened axially along the wall of the tube. The strain element oscillates in the axial direction along the tube wall to selectively generate and sense vibration of the tube. The transducer is utilized as a driver and as a sensor and outputs a signal responsive to the vibration of the tube.
Abstract:
A self-validating output module in a control system includes a current detector (240) and an operating component having at least two states. When the operating component is in the first state, current is directed away from a current detector and toward a load (230). When it is in its second state, current is directed toward the current detector and away from the load. The presence or absence of current on the current detector is thus a status signal (260) indicative of whether or not current is being supplied to the load. This status signal is then made available to a controller.
Abstract:
A field controller for use in a distributed control system including an area controller and at least one field controller. The field controller manages at least one controlled device in an industrial process operation. The field controller comprises a processor module segment through which it can control a selected number of devices, and it may also include one or more expansion module segments to enable it to control a larger number of controlled devices. The processor module segment includes a processor module and at least one local interface module for interfacing to a controlled device, and the expansion module segment includes interface modules for interfacing to other controlled devices. In the processor module segment, the processor module and said local interface module are interconnected by a bus segment, which is also connected to an upstream off-module connector. Each expansion module segment includes at least one interface module, and also includes a downstream off-module connector and an upstream off-module connector, which are interconnected by a bus segment. The downstream off-module connector of each expansion module segment is adapted to mate with the upstream off-module connector of the processor module segment and of other expansion module segment, so as to facilitate the interconnection of the processor module segment and a sequence of expansion module segments by establishing a unitary multi-drop bus comprising the processor module's bus segment and the bus segments of expansion module in the sequence. The processor module controls each controlled device through the respective local interface module or expansion interface module connected thereto. The processor module segment and each expansion module segment are each mounted in a housing segment which is configured to form a unitary housing when they are interconnected.
Abstract:
A computer is connected to redundant network switches by primary and secondary connections, respectively. Test messages are sent across each connection to the attached switches. A break in a connection, or a faulty connection, is detected upon a failed response to one of the test messages. In response to this failure, traffic is routed across the remaining good connection. To facilitate fast protocol rerouting, a test message is sent across the now active connection bound for the switch connected to the failed connection. This message therefore traverses both switches causing each to learn the new routing. Rerouting is therefore accomplished quickly.
Abstract:
A digital device interface for transferring information between a processor and a control device includes a first serial peripheral interface (SPI), e.g., with "data in," "data out" and "clock" ports, in serial communication with a second SPI. The first SPI can be coupled to, and associated with, the processor; the second SPI, with the control device. A first transfer logic section, e.g., a shift register engine, transfers bytes, word, longwords or other multi-bit datum between the processor and the control device. A second transfer logic section effects a transfer transaction between the processor and the control device -- that is, the transfer of plural multi-bit datum relating to a common data access operation or a common data generation operation. For sensor-type control devices, such a transaction may include, for example, the "continuous" transfer of data sensed by the device. For a servo, actuator, or the like, the transaction may include, for example, a stream of set points or other control data generated by the processor (and/or its related data stores) for application to the control device.
Abstract:
A digital flowmeter includes a vibratable conduit, a driver connected to the conduit and operable to impart motion to the conduit, and a sensor connected to the conduit and operable to sense the motion of the conduit. A control and measurement system is connected between the driver and the sensor. The control and measurement system includes circuitry to receive a sensor signal from the sensor, generate a drive signal based on the sensor signal using digital signal processing, supply the drive signal to the driver, and generate a measurement of a property of material flowing through the conduit based on the signal from the sensor.