公开(公告)号：WO1988004286A1

公开(公告)日：1988-06-16

申请号：PCT/US1987003051

申请日：1987-11-20

Applicant: SEPRACOR, INC.

Inventor： SEPRACOR, INC. ,  MATSON, Stephen, L. ,  STANLEY, Thomas, J.

IPC: C07C17/20

CPC classification number: B01J31/0268 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J14/005 ,  B01J19/2475 ,  B01J31/0204 ,  B01J31/0229 ,  B01J31/0239 ,  B01J31/40 ,  B01J31/4061 ,  B01J35/065 ,  B01J2231/40 ,  B01J2231/4205 ,  B01J2231/70 ,  B01J2531/985 ,  C07C17/208 ,  Y02P20/584 ,  C07C19/07

Abstract: Novel method for conducting phase transfer catalysis in a multiphase reaction system wherein the different phases are separated by a membrane permeable to the phase transfer catalyst and its various reaction complexes. The invention also relates to membranes and a membrane-containing apparatus useful in carrying out phase transfer catalysis.

Abstract translation: 用于在多相反应体系中进行相转移催化的新方法，其中通过相转移催化剂及其各种反应络合物可渗透的膜分离不同相。 本发明还涉及可用于进行相转移催化的膜和含膜装置。

公开(公告)号：US20080067074A1

公开(公告)日：2008-03-20

申请号：US11981300

申请日：2007-10-30

Applicant: Qunwei Wu ,  Craig Brodeur ,  John Pillion ,  Jieh Shyu

Inventor： Qunwei Wu ,  Craig Brodeur ,  John Pillion ,  Jieh Shyu

IPC: C25D5/08

CPC classification number: H01M8/04201 ,  B01D61/00 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J19/2475 ,  C01B3/503 ,  C01B2203/0405 ,  C01B2203/041 ,  C25B15/08 ,  C25D5/08 ,  C25D17/008 ,  C25D17/10 ,  C25F7/00 ,  F28F13/003 ,  F28F13/02 ,  H01M2/1673 ,  H01M8/04197 ,  H01M8/1004

Abstract: A device and method for increasing the mass transport rate of a chemical or electrochemical process at the solid and fluid interface in a fluid cell. The device includes a membrane in close contact with surface of the work piece, to separate the process cell into two chambers, so that fluid velocity at the work piece is controlled separately from the main cell flow. Thus the diffusion boundary layer is controlled and minimized by the rate that fluid is withdrawn from the work piece chamber.

Abstract translation: 一种用于增加流体池中的固体和流体界面处的化学或电化学过程的质量传输速率的装置和方法。 该装置包括与工件的表面紧密接触的膜，以将处理室分离成两个室，使得工件上的流体速度与主池流动分离地被控制。 因此，扩散边界层通过流体从工件腔室中取出的速度被控制和最小化。

公开(公告)号：US20050074643A1

公开(公告)日：2005-04-07

申请号：US10679756

申请日：2003-10-06

Applicant: Paul Adams ,  Andrew Curello ,  Floyd Fairbanks ,  Guy Lefebvre ,  Yann Lefebvre ,  Rene Frigiere ,  Michel Doucet

Inventor： Paul Adams ,  Andrew Curello ,  Floyd Fairbanks ,  Guy Lefebvre ,  Yann Lefebvre ,  Rene Frigiere ,  Michel Doucet

IPC: B01J4/00 ,  B01J4/04 ,  C01B3/06 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/06 ,  B01J8/00

CPC classification number: H01M8/04208 ,  B01J4/008 ,  B01J4/04 ,  C01B3/065 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  H01M8/04201 ,  H01M8/065 ,  H01M8/1011 ,  H01M2008/1095 ,  H01M2250/30 ,  Y02B90/18 ,  Y02E60/362 ,  Y02E60/523 ,  Y02P70/56

Abstract: Fuel supplies for fuel cells are disclosed. The fuel supplies can be a pressurized or non-pressurized cartridge that can be used with any fuel cells, including but not limited to, direct methanol fuel cell or reformer fuel cell. In one aspect, a fuel supply may contain a reaction chamber to convert fuel to hydrogen. The fuel supplies may also contain a pump. The fuel supply may have a valve connecting the fuel to the fuel cell, and a vent to vent gas from the fuel supply. Methods for forming various fuel supplies are also disclosed.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于燃料电池的燃料供应。 燃料供应可以是可与任何燃料电池（包括但不限于直接甲醇燃料电池或重整器燃料电池）一起使用的加压或非加压筒。 在一个方面，燃料供应可以包含将燃料转化为氢的反应室。 燃料供应还可以包含泵。 燃料供应可以具有将燃料连接到燃料电池的阀和用于从燃料供应排出气体的排气口。 还公开了形成各种燃料供应的方法。

公开(公告)号：US06476185B1

公开(公告)日：2002-11-05

申请号：US09713167

申请日：2000-11-15

Applicant: Wridzer Jan Willem Bakker ,  Wilhelmus Louisa Petrus Maria Rutten ,  Johannes Theodorus Faustinus Keurentjes ,  Matthias Wessling

Inventor： Wridzer Jan Willem Bakker ,  Wilhelmus Louisa Petrus Maria Rutten ,  Johannes Theodorus Faustinus Keurentjes ,  Matthias Wessling

IPC: C08F600

CPC classification number: B01J19/2475 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J19/2465 ,  B01J2219/00103 ,  B01J2219/00105 ,  B01J2219/0011

Abstract: The invention pertains to a process for the preparation of an organic compound by a condensation reaction in which besides the organic compound other products are formed and one or more of the products formed during the preparation are extracted from the reaction mixture with the aid of a membrane. The reaction is carried out at a temperature above 80° C. and one or more of the products formed during the reaction are extracted from the reaction mixture by the aid of an inorganic membrane with an average pore size of the separating layer of less than 0.5 nm.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及通过缩合反应制备有机化合物的方法，其中除了有机化合物形成其它产物之外，还有一种或多种在制备过程中形成的产物借助于膜从反应混合物中提取出来 。 反应在高于80℃的温度下进行，并且在反应期间形成的一种或多种产物借助于分离层的平均孔径小于0.5的无机膜从反应混合物中提取 nm。

公开(公告)号：US06403041B1

公开(公告)日：2002-06-11

申请号：US09153693

申请日：1998-09-15

Applicant: Tomonori Takahashi ,  Manabu Yoshida

Inventor： Tomonori Takahashi ,  Manabu Yoshida

IPC: B01J1200

CPC classification number: B01J12/007 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J19/002 ,  B01J19/2475 ,  B01J2219/00263

Abstract: A reaction vessel including an oxygen-containing gas chamber separated from a source gas chamber by an oxygen-permeable membrane that allows oxygen selectively to pass therethrough to contact and react with source gas contained in the source gas chamber. The ratio of at least one of (i) the volume of the oxygen-containing gas chamber to the total volume of the vessel and (ii) the volume of the source gas chamber to the total volume of the vessel, is outside a range within which explosion would occur if the oxygen-containing gas and source gas were allowed to combine directly. Preferably, the ratio also is outside a range within which explosion would occur if the oxygen-containing gas and products resulting from reactions between oxygen supplied through the oxygen-permeable membrane and the source gas were allowed to combine directly. The vessel is safer to operate in that the risk of explosion, due to direct mixing of the gases when the oxygen-permeable membrane is damaged or cracked, is greatly reduced.

Abstract translation: 一种反应容器，其包括通过透氧膜与源气体室分离的含氧气体室，其允许氧气选择性地通过其与源气体室中包含的源气体接触并反应。 （i）含氧气体室的体积与容器总体积的比例和（ii）源气室相对容器总体积的至少之一的比例在 如果允许含氧气体和源气体直接组合，则会发生爆炸。 优选地，如果通过透氧膜供应的氧和源气体之间的反应产生的含氧气体和产物被允许直接组合，则该比例也在其内将发生爆炸的范围之外。 容器操作更安全，因为当透氧膜被破坏或破裂时由于气体的直接混合引起的爆炸危险大大降低。

公开(公告)号：US20020054845A1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-09

申请号：US09929870

申请日：2001-08-14

Inventor： Michael Schwartz ,  James H. White ,  Anthony F. Sammells

IPC: C01G057/00 ,  C01F017/00

CPC classification number: H01M8/1246 ,  B01D53/228 ,  B01D53/326 ,  B01D67/0041 ,  B01D67/0083 ,  B01D69/141 ,  B01D71/02 ,  B01D71/022 ,  B01D71/024 ,  B01D2323/08 ,  B01D2323/12 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J12/007 ,  B01J19/2475 ,  B01J23/002 ,  B01J23/83 ,  B01J35/0033 ,  B01J35/065 ,  B01J2219/00051 ,  B01J2219/00063 ,  B01J2219/0018 ,  B01J2219/00189 ,  B01J2523/00 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C01B3/386 ,  C01B13/0255 ,  C01B17/0465 ,  C01B2203/0261 ,  C01B2203/1035 ,  C01B2203/1041 ,  C01B2203/1052 ,  C01B2203/1082 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1258 ,  C01B2210/0046 ,  C01B2210/0051 ,  C01B2210/0062 ,  C01B2210/0071 ,  C01B2210/0075 ,  C01C3/0216 ,  H01M4/9033 ,  H01M4/9066 ,  H01M8/1231 ,  Y02E60/525 ,  Y02P20/52 ,  Y02P70/56 ,  Y10S505/701 ,  Y10S505/779 ,  Y10S505/785 ,  B01J2523/24 ,  B01J2523/31 ,  B01J2523/3706 ,  B01J2523/842 ,  B01J2523/845 ,  B01J2523/22 ,  B01J2523/32 ,  B01J2523/23

Abstract: This invention relates to gas-impermeable, solid state materials fabricated into membranes for use in catalytic membrane reactors. This invention particularly relates to solid state oxygen anion- and electron-mediating membranes for use in catalytic membrane reactors for promoting partial or full oxidation of different chemical species, for decomposition of oxygen-containing species, and for separation of oxygen from other gases. Solid state materials for use in the membranes of this invention include mixed metal oxide compounds having the brownmillerite crystal structure.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及制备在用于催化膜反应器的膜中的气体不可渗透的固态材料。 本发明特别涉及用于催化膜反应器中用于促进不同化学物质的部分或全部氧化，用于分解含氧物质以及从其它气体中分离氧的固态氧阴离子和电子介质膜。 用于本发明的膜的固态材料包括具有褐砂岩晶体结构的混合金属氧化物化合物。

公开(公告)号：US20010002990A1

公开(公告)日：2001-06-07

申请号：US09748344

申请日：2000-12-22

Inventor： Richard MacKay ,  Michael Schwartz ,  Anthony F. Sammells

IPC: C01F017/00 ,  C01F011/02

CPC classification number: H01M8/1246 ,  B01D53/228 ,  B01D53/326 ,  B01D67/0041 ,  B01D67/0083 ,  B01D69/141 ,  B01D71/02 ,  B01D71/022 ,  B01D71/024 ,  B01D2323/08 ,  B01D2323/12 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J12/007 ,  B01J19/2475 ,  B01J23/002 ,  B01J23/83 ,  B01J35/0033 ,  B01J35/065 ,  B01J2219/00051 ,  B01J2219/00063 ,  B01J2219/0018 ,  B01J2219/00189 ,  B01J2523/00 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C01B3/386 ,  C01B13/0255 ,  C01B17/0465 ,  C01B2203/0261 ,  C01B2203/1035 ,  C01B2203/1041 ,  C01B2203/1052 ,  C01B2203/1082 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1258 ,  C01B2210/0046 ,  C01B2210/0051 ,  C01B2210/0062 ,  C01B2210/0071 ,  C01B2210/0075 ,  C01C3/0216 ,  H01M4/9033 ,  H01M4/9066 ,  H01M8/1231 ,  Y02E60/525 ,  Y02P20/52 ,  Y02P70/56 ,  Y10S505/701 ,  Y10S505/779 ,  Y10S505/785 ,  B01J2523/24 ,  B01J2523/31 ,  B01J2523/3706 ,  B01J2523/842 ,  B01J2523/845 ,  B01J2523/22 ,  B01J2523/32 ,  B01J2523/23

Abstract: Metal oxides particularly useful for the manufacture of catalytic membranes for gas-phase oxygen separation processes having the formula: AxAnullxnullByFeynullBnull2-(ynullynull)O5nullzwhere: x and xnull are greater than 0; y and ynull are greater than 0; xnullxnull is equal to 2; ynullynull is less than or equal to 2; z is a number that makes the metal oxide charge neutral; A is an element selected from the lanthanide elements and yttrium; Anull is an element selected from Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and Ra; B is an element selected from the group consisting of Al, Ga, In or mixtures thereof and Bnull is Co or Mg, with the exception that when Bnull is Mg, Anull and Anull are not Mg. The metal oxides are useful for preparation of dense membranes which may be formed from dense thin films of the mixed metal oxide on a porous metal oxide element. The invention also provides methods and catalytic reactors for oxygen separation and oxygen enrichment of oxygen deficient gases which employ mixed conducting metal oxides of the above formula.

Abstract translation: 特别适用于制备气相氧分离方法的催化膜的金属氧化物，具有下列结构式：其中式（1）代入式中AxA'x'ByFey'B''2-（y + y'）O5 + z 其中：x和x'大于0; y和y'大于0; x + x'等于2; y + y'小于或等于2; z是使金属氧化物电荷中性的数字; A是选自镧系元素和钇的元素; A'是选自Be，Mg，Ca，Sr，Ba和Ra的元素; B是选自Al，Ga，In或其混合物中的元素，B“是Co或Mg，但是当B”是Mg时，A'和A“不是Mg。 金属氧化物可用于制备可由多孔金属氧化物元件上的混合金属氧化物的致密薄膜形成的致密膜。 本发明还提供了使用上述式的混合导电金属氧化物的氧气分离和缺氧气体的富氧的方法和催化反应器。

公开(公告)号：US5746985A

公开(公告)日：1998-05-05

申请号：US877513

申请日：1997-06-17

Applicant: Tomonori Takahashi

Inventor： Tomonori Takahashi

IPC: B01D53/22 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J10/00 ,  B01J12/00 ,  B01J19/00 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B3/50 ,  C01B3/56 ,  H01M8/06 ,  F01N3/10

CPC classification number: B01J4/04 ,  B01J10/007 ,  B01J12/007 ,  B01J19/0013 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B3/382 ,  C01B3/386 ,  H01M8/0631 ,  B01J2219/00135 ,  C01B2203/0205 ,  C01B2203/041 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/085 ,  C01B2203/1223 ,  C01B2203/1229 ,  C01B2203/1604

Abstract: A reforming reactor is provided with a catalyst and a heating resistor. The heating resistor is embedded in a catalyst. A reforming reactor can start rapidly with high thermal efficiency and which is excellent in recovery of hydrogen.

Abstract translation: 重整反应器设有催化剂和加热电阻。 加热电阻器嵌入催化剂中。 重整反应器可以以高热效率快速启动，并且氢回收率优异。

公开(公告)号：US5730875A

公开(公告)日：1998-03-24

申请号：US749742

申请日：1996-11-15

Applicant: Thomas L. Grisham ,  Janet K. Peters ,  Keith W. Sharp ,  Edward E. Ebel

Inventor： Thomas L. Grisham ,  Janet K. Peters ,  Keith W. Sharp ,  Edward E. Ebel

IPC: B01J4/04 ,  B01J10/00 ,  C01D7/18 ,  C02F1/38 ,  C01D7/00

CPC classification number: C01D7/18 ,  B01J10/00 ,  B01J4/04

Abstract: A method of optimizing and controlling gas-liquid phase chemical reactions includes the steps of introducing a liquid reactant to the hollow interior of a cylindrical porous tube in a thin film following a spiral flow pattern around and along the wall of the tube; controlling the physical characteristics of the liquid film and the flow pattern followed by the film through the tube; mixing a gas reactant and an inert gas in preselected proportion; sparging the mixture of gas reactant and inert gas through the wall of the tube and into the liquid film to form a multiplicity of gas bubbles in interfacial contact with the gas; allowing the gas reactant and the liquid reactant to chemically react; segregating the remaining gas from the liquid within the tube; and separating the cleaned liquid stream from the contaminant laden gas stream.

Abstract translation: 优化和控制气 - 液相化学反应的方法包括以下步骤：在围绕并沿着管壁的螺旋流动模式下将液体反应物引入薄膜中的圆柱形多孔管的中空内部; 通过管子控制液膜的物理特性和随后的膜流动模式; 以预选比例混合气体反应物和惰性气体; 将气体反应物和惰性气体的混合物通过管壁喷射到液体膜中以形成与气体界面接触的多个气泡; 使气体反应物和液体反应物发生化学反应; 将剩余气体与管内的液体分离; 以及将清洁的液体流与载有污染物的气流分离。

公开(公告)号：US5723045A

公开(公告)日：1998-03-03

申请号：US696222

申请日：1996-08-13

Applicant: Ernest Ludwig Daman

Inventor： Ernest Ludwig Daman

IPC: B01J3/00 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J19/24 ,  C02F11/08 ,  C02F1/72

CPC classification number: B01J19/24 ,  B01J19/2415 ,  B01J3/008 ,  B01J4/04 ,  C02F11/086 ,  B01J2219/00085 ,  B01J2219/00112 ,  B01J2219/00157 ,  B01J2219/00159 ,  B01J2219/00186 ,  Y02P20/544

Abstract: An improved process and apparatus are disclosed for the supercritical water oxidation of organic waste materials which avoids or at least substantially reduces the corrosion and solids deposition problems associated with prior art techniques. According to this invention, externally heated supercritical water is fed to a platelet tube reactor to both protectively coat its inner surface and heat the waste stream to oxidation reaction conditions. Higher reaction temperatures can be used as compared to prior art processes, which significantly improves the reaction rate and permits smaller reactors to be used. The protective film of water on the reactor inner surface, coupled with the elimination of preheating of the waste material, substantially reduces solids deposition and corrosion.