Abstract:
Wavenumber linear spectrometers ( 310 ) are provided including an input ( 312 ) configured to receive electromagnetic radiation from an external source; collimating optics ( 314 ) configured to collimate the received electromagnetic radiation; a dispersive assembly ( 330 ) including first and second diffractive gratings ( 320, 322 ), wherein the first diffraction grating is configured in a first dispersive stage to receive the collimated electromagnetic radiation and wherein the dispersive assembly includes at least two dispersive stages configured to disperse the collimated input; and an imaging lens assembly ( 318 ) configured to image the electromagnetic radiation dispersed by the at least two dispersive stages onto a linear detection array ( 320 ) such that the variation in frequency spacing along the linear detection array is no greater than about 10%.
Abstract:
A low-cost optics, broadband, astigmatism-corrected practical spectrometer. An off-the-shelf cylindrical lens is used to remove astigmatism over the full bandwidth, providing better than 0.1 nm spectral resolution and more than 50% throughput over a bandwidth of 400 nm centered at 800 nm. The spectrometer includes a first spherical mirror disposed along an optical path in an off-axis (tilted) orientation; a diffraction grating disposed along the optical axis in a location optically downstream from the first mirror; a second spherical mirror disposed along the optical path in an off-axis orientation in a location optically downstream from the diffraction grating; a cylindrical optic disposed in the optical path; and a detector disposed in the optical path in a location optically downstream from the second spherical mirror.
Abstract:
L' invention est relative à un spectrographe comportant des moyens de focalisation (3) d'un rayonnement émis par un échantillon éclairé par une source de rayonnement, et des moyens de diffraction (4) du rayonnement focalisé, dans lequel, selon l'invention, les moyens de diffraction comprennent un réseau de diffraction plan à pas variable, et les moyens de focalisation comprennent un miroir elliptique, l'échantillon étant placé à l'un des foyers (F1) d'une surface ellipsoïde définissant le miroir elliptique.
Abstract:
A spectrum analyzing device, for spectral analysis of a region of interest, comprises a light dispersion element for spectrally analyzing a light beam to produce a spectral image thereof, a reflection element for reflection the light beam without analysis to produce a non-analyzed reflection of the beam, and an alternating unit for alternately presenting the light dispersion element and the reflection element to a light path, thereby to provide a dual mode spectrum analyzing device able to alternate between a plain image and a spectral image of a region of interest.
Abstract:
The present invention provides systems and methods for quantifying, purifying and separating fullerenes, such as single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). The purification/separation combination provides nearly 100% carbonaceous impurity-free SWNT content from a given impure sample and provides a desired chirality and diameter from a given non-separated sample. Nanometrological validation of the success of purification and separation uses a pyroelectric detector and Raman spectroscopy in a single system, thus providing a critical aspect for the nanomanufacturing environment. The purification/separation and nanometrological validations may be performed in a feedback loop to provide a satisfactorily refined sample and optimized purification/separation settings.
Abstract:
An optical detector for spectroscopic analysis of a substance within a given spectrum has a first resolution at a first part of the spectrum (101,102) and a second resolution, different from the first resolution, at a second part of the spectrum, different from the first part of the spectrum. High resolution may be used at the important parts of the spectrum only, which thus results in less overall resolution. The detector may be used in a non-invasive glucose detection system having non-equally distributed spectral resolution.
Abstract:
An optical characterisation system is described for characterising optical material. The system typically comprises a diffractive element (104), a detector (106) and an optical element (102). The optical element (102) thereby typically is adapted for receiving an illumination beam, which may be an illumination response of the material. The optical element (102) typically has a refractive surface for refractively collimating the illumination beam on the diffractive element (104) and a reflective surface for reflecting the diffracted illumination beam on the detector (106). The optical element (102) furthermore is adapted for cooperating with the diffractive element (104) and the detector (106) being positioned at a same side of the optical element (102) opposite to the receiving side for receiving the illumination beam.
Abstract:
A high resolution spectral measurement device. A preferred embodiment presents an extremely narrow slit function in the ultraviolet range and is very useful for measuring bandwidth of narrow-band excimer lasers used for integrated circuit lithography. Light from the laser is focused into a diffuser and the diffused light exiting the diffuser illuminates an etalon. A portion of its light exiting the etalon is collected and directed into a slit positioned at a fringe pattern of the etalon. Light passing through the slit is collimated and the collimated light illuminates a grating positioned in an approximately Littrow configuration which disburses the light according to wavelength. A portion of the dispursed light representing the wavelength corresponding to the selected etalon fringe is passed through a second slit and monitored by a light detector. When the etalon and the grating are tuned to the same precise wavelength a slit function is defined which is extremely narrow such as about 0.034pm (FWHM) and about 0.091pm (95 percent integral). The bandwidth of a laser beam can be measured very accurately by a directing portion of the laser beam into the insulator and scanning the laser wavelength over a range which includes the monochromator slit wavelength. In a second embodiment the second slit and the light detector is replaced by a photodiode array and the bandwidth of a laser beam is determined by analyzing a set of scan data from the photodiode array. Alternately, the laser wavelength can be fixed near the middle of the spectrum range of the grating spectrometer, and the etalon can be scanned.
Abstract:
A monochromator disperses multi-wavelength light emitted from a light source, isolating only a desired wavelength component. According to the present invention, in place of a concave grating which has heretofore been requisite for a monochromator for a wavelength range from the soft X-ray region to the vacuum ultraviolet ray region, a plane grating (C) is employed which is highly accurate and is easily manufactured. An extremely simple wavelength scanning mechanism is employed in which the distance between an input slit (A) and the grating (C) and the distance between an output slit (B) and the grating (C) are constant. Thus, it becomes possible to realize a monochromator which is able to isolate light of a single-wavelength with extremely high precision.