Abstract:
The present invention relates to gene therapy, especially to adenovirus-based gene therapy, and related cell lines and compositions. In particular, novel packaging cell lines are disclosed, for use in facilitating the development of high-capacity vectors. The invention also discloses a variety of high-capacity adenovirus vectors and related compositions and kits including the disclosed cell lines and vectors. Finally, the invention discloses methods of preparing and using the disclosed vectors, cell lines and kits.
Abstract:
A device has a planar optical waveguide which consists of a transparent support (40) and of a waveguide layer (41). The waveguide has at least one diffractive element (42) for inputting an exciting radiation into the waveguide layer. An additional hermetically closing layer (43) located on the waveguide layer is made of a material which at least at the support surface is transparent both to the exciting radiation and to the evanescently excited radiation at least to the depth of penetration of the evanescent field. The device has at least in one partial area of the guided exciting radiation a recess (45) open at the top or a recess (6) closed at the top and connected to a feed channel (2) and outflow channel (3) for receiving a sample to be analysed. The depth of the recess corresponds to at least the depth of penetration of the evanescent field. The diffractive element (42) is completely covered by the material of the layer (43) at least in the input area of the exciting radiation.
Abstract:
The invention provides novel methods of controlling gene expression in plastids, using an inducible, transactivator-mediated system, and plants comprising the novel expression systems. The present invention further describes the production of cellulose-degrading enzymes in plants via the application of genetic engineering techniques. Cellulase coding sequences are fused to promoters active in plants and transformed into the nuclear genome and the chloroplast genome. As cellulases may be toxic to plants, preferred promoters are those that are chemically-inducible. In this manner, expression of the cellulase genes transformed into plants may be chemically induced at an appropriate time. In addition, the expressed cellulases may be targeted to vacuoles or other organelles to alleviate toxicity problems. The present invention finds utility in any industrial process requiring a plentiful supply of cellulases, but particularly finds utility in the conversion of cellulosic biomass to ethanol.
Abstract:
The invention provides novel beta -peptides comprising 2 or more different beta -amino acid residues, preferably compounds of formula (I) wherein the R residues, X and n are as defined. Compounds of the invention having as few as 5 or 6 beta -amino acid residues exhibit stable structures in solution and the compounds generally exhibit good resistance to proteolytic degradation. The compounds of the invention provide a valuable new source of structural diversity for synthesis of biologically active compounds, e.g. for pharmaceutical uses.
Abstract:
This invention relates to a protein which is essential for the formation of an active cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)/cyclin complex, derivatives of said protein, antibodies specific for said protein, and to means and methods for the production thereof. The invention is also directed to nucleic acids coding for a protein of the invention, to a method of obtaining such nucleic acid molecules, and to the expression thereof. Furthermore, the invention is directed to uses of the proteins and nucleic acids of the invention.
Abstract:
The invention relates to compounds of formula (I), (IIa) or (IIb), wherein R1, R2, R5 and R6 are each independently of one another hydrogen, -SO2-(C1-C6)alkylphenyl, C1-C30alkyl, C1-C30alkyl-CO- or a radical of formula -(CnH2n-O-)m-R10; R3 is hydrogen or -SO2-(C1-C6)alkylphenyl; R4 and R7 are C1-C30 alkylene or a radical of formula -(CnH2n-O-)m-R10; Z is a functional group which is selected from the group consisting of -OH, -SH, -NH2, -COOH, -NCO, -CO-NR8YR9Y, -NH-CO-CH=CH2, -NH-CO-C(CH3)=CH2; R8 and R9 are each independently of the other C1-C30alkylene; R10 is a direct bond or C1-C12alkylene; n is a number from 2 to 6, and m is a number from 1 to 10, with the proviso that the total number of carbon atoms is at most 30; and Y is -OH or -SH. The compounds are used as comonomers for the preparation of copolymer membranes for plasticiser-free ion sensors.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an acylated peptide, namely a compound of formula (I), wherein n is 0 to 15, X is arylcarbonyl, cycloalkylcarbonyl, tricycloalkylcarbonyl, arylsulfonyl, heterocyclylcarbonyl, heterocyclylsulfonyl, carbamoyl-lower alkanoyl, aryl-lower alkylcarbonyl, cycloalkyl-lower alkylcarbonyl, aryl-lower alkylsulfonyl, heterocyclyl-lower alkylcarbonyl, heterocyclyl-lower alkylsulfonyl with the proviso that in any of the lower alkyl radicals mentioned a methylene group may be replaced with oxa, aza or thia; heterocyclyl-lower alkenylcarbonyl or aryl-lower alkenylcarbonyl; or, if Y is a secondary or tertiary amino group, is one of the moieties X mentioned above or lower alkanoyl, halo-lower alkanoyl, lower-alkoxycarbonyl, aryl-lower alkoxycarbonyl or cycloalkyl-lower alkoxycarbonyl; PTI is the bivalent radical of tyrosine or (preferably) the bivalent radical of phosphotyrosine or a phosphotyrosine mimic, AA stands for a bivalent radical of a natural or unnatural amino acid, and Y is hydroxy, a C-terminal protecting group or a primary, secondary or tertiary amino group, or a salt thereof, said compound being useful for the treatment of diseases that respond to inhibition of the interaction of (a) protein(s) comprising (an) SH2 domain(s) and a protein tyrosine kinase or a modified version thereof.
Abstract:
A process for the hydrogenation of imines with hydrogen under elevated pressure in the presence of iridium catalysts containing diphosphine ligands, with or without an inert solvent, the reaction mixture containing a soluble ammonium chloride, bromide or iodide or a soluble metal chloride, bromide or iodide, wherein the reaction mixture additionally contains at least one solid acid with the exception of ion exchangers. Improved optical yields and high chemical conversion rates are achieved while the catalyst is easily separable.
Abstract:
A flow cell (1) has in its interior a flow channel (2) and is provided with an inlet opening (3) for the sample and with an outlet opening (4). Also provided are means for producing a sample-free blocked volume located in the flow channel (2). Those means comprise, for example, a further inlet opening (5) for a reference fluid, that inlet opening (5) being so positioned that the reference fluid flows counter to the sample in the flow channel (2). The flow cell (1) is suitable for a sensor apparatus in which one of the boundary surfaces of the flow channel (2) comprises a detection layer that contains selectively sensitive recognition elements for an analyte. The flow cell (1) is also suitable for an optical detection device which preferably utilises luminescence excitation in the evanescent field of an optical waveguide.
Abstract:
Thioamide S-oxides of formula (I) are suitable as fungicidally, insecticidally and acaricidally active ingredients in crop protection, in which R1 is hydrogen or C1-C4alkyl, and R2 is hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl, C2-C4alkenyl, C2-C4alkynyl or C3-C6cycloalkyl, and in which R3 and R4 independently of one another are hydrogen, cyano, C1-C4alkyl, halo-C1-C4alkyl, C2-C4alkenyl, C2-C4alkynyl, C3-C6cycloalkyl, cyclopropylmethyl, C1-C4alkoxy, C2-C5alkoxyalkyl, C1-C4alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C4alkylthio, C2-C5alkylthioalkyl; an unsubstituted or up to trisubstituted ring which has not more than 15 ring carbon atoms, which can be polycyclic and which contains 0-3 hetero atoms N, O or S, it being possible for this ring to be bonded via an aliphatic bridge having not more than 4 carbon atoms and/or via either CO, oxygen or sulfur; or in which R3 and R4 together with the joint carbon atom form an unsubstituted or up to trisubstituted ring which has not more than 15 ring carbon atoms, which can be polycyclic and which contains 0-3 hereto atoms N, O or S. They can be used on their own or as formulated compositions, preferably for controlling or preventing infestation with microorganisms.