Abstract:
The present invention presents a stripping process for urea production with a total recycle. An important characteristic of the described urea process is a substantially complete CO 2 conversion, which eliminates the need for carbamate recycle from the recovery section to the synthesis section. This increases the overall conversion and reduces operation costs.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method for the removal of urea dust from the off-gas of a finishing section of a urea production plant. the method comprises subjecting the off-gas to quenching with water so as to produce quenched off-gas. The quenched off-gas is subjected to humidification by mixing said quenched gas stream with a humidification fluid selected from (a) saturated steam and (b) superheated steam mixed with a second aqueous stream, so as to produce a humidified gas stream, subjecting said humidified gas stream to particle separation (i.e., dust removal) by means of a scrubbing liquid in which at least part of the particles in the gas stream are soluble.
Abstract:
The invention provides a method and a plant for producing urea ammonium nitrate (UAN). The method involves the use of a condensation section, optionally in combination with a medium pressure decomposition section, between the dissociation and neutralization sections. The invention further provides a method of modifying an existing UAN plant. The advantages of the process of the invention are that the emission of CO 2 can be reduced, the plant capacity can be increased and the high capital expenditure needed for CO 2 compression equipment is reduced.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a storage tank for molten salts, preferably of the thermocline type. The tank is provided with an insulation on the inside, which is provided by molten salts captured and retained in an appropriate metal structure. The metal structure has openings allowing molten salts to flow into it, and may consist of metal supports that hold elements which allow retaining molten salts, such as a structured packing, metal boxes, or gutter wall.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a urea plant comprising an additional reactor. With reference to the regular components of a urea plant, including a recovery section and a high pressure carbamate condenser, the additional reactor is positioned between the recovery section and the high pressure carbamate condenser. The invention also relates to a process for the synthesis of urea, comprising an additional reaction step converting, at an earlier stage than conventional, recovered carbamate into urea.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a catalyst suitable for the catalytic oxidative cracking of a H 2 S-containing gas stream, particularly in the event that the stream also contains methane and/or ammonia. The catalyst comprises iron and molybdenum supported by a carrier comprising aluminium. The carrier preferably is alumina. The iron and molybdenum preferably are in the form of sulphides. Also disclosed is a method for the production of hydrogen from a H 2 S-containing gas stream, comprising subjecting the gas stream to catalytic oxidative cracking so as to form H 2 and S 2 , using a catalyst in accordance with any one of the preceding claims.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method for the production of hydrogen from a H 2 S-containing gas stream also containing ammonia, comprising subjecting both gas stream to catalytic oxidative cracking of both the H 2 S and the NH 3 , so as to form H 2 , S 2 and N 2 . In this method, preferably, an additional amount of oxygen is added as compared to the amount used for H2S catalytic oxidative cracking. Also, preferably, the contact time of the gas stream with the catalyst is increased. The catalyst preferably is provided as a single bed, and then preferably comprises iron and molybdenum supported by a carrier comprising aluminum. The preferred carrier is alumina. The iron and molybdenum preferably are in the form of sulfides.
Abstract:
The invention pertains to a method of making urea-containing particles wherein with a lower degree of cooling, high mechanical strengths are obtained. The method comprises the steps of (a) providing a first polymer 10 layer; (b) feeding urea droplets onto said first polymer layer, (c) cooling the droplets provided on the first polymer layer to a temperature between 55º C and 120º C; (d) applying a second polymer layer onto the first polymer layer comprising the droplets so as to form encapsulated urea droplets; and (e) separating the encapsulated urea droplets.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for producing a hydrogen containing gas mixture comprising the following steps: (i) providing a preheated mixture comprising a fossil fuel, preferably methane, and steam, (ii) conducting an adiabatic reaction between the fossil fuel and the steam, in the presence of a catalyst, wherein a first reaction product mixture is formed comprising methane, hydrogen and carbon dioxide, and (iii) conducting an oxygen-assisted reforming reaction in the presence of a catalyst between said first reaction product mixture and an oxygen comprising stream, wherein the oxygen comprising stream comprises at least 40 vol% oxygen, forming a second reaction product mixture comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The invention also relates to a system suitable for hydrogen production from a hydrocarbon feed according to the present invention.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a process for the direct alkylation of aromatic compounds with alkanes. To this end a judicious catalyst combination is provided. The composition comprises palladium as a catalytically active metal, and zinc as a promoter, or a metal such as tin having a comparable promoting action. The metals are contained in a zeolite support, or a similar support of a metal organic framework type or a silico alumino phosphate type.