公开(公告)号：US4478133A

公开(公告)日：1984-10-23

申请号：US110080

申请日：1980-01-07

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F01B1/06 ,  F01B13/06

CPC classification number: F01B1/0644

Abstract: A member oscillates on a face and another member pivots on a bed of the first member. Passages are provided through the members to lead a lubrication fluid under pressure into a fluid pocket between the mentioned face and one of the members. The fluid pressure in the pocket carries a major portion of the load of one of the members on the face. The oscillation of the members has one stroke under higher load and one under less load. The pivotal movement of the other member controls the flow of fluid through the passages to provide high pressure in the fluid pocket at the stroke under higher load and lower pressure in the pocket at the stroke under less load. The arrangement is especially suitable to be provided on pistons and piston shoes of fluid handling machines. But it can also serve to carry load on other members of machines or vehicles, wherein at least two movements are taking place and a source of supply of fluid under pressure is available.

Abstract translation: 一个构件在面上摆动，另一个构件在第一构件的床上枢转。 通过构件提供通道，以将压力下的润滑流体引导到所述面部和其中一个构件之间的流体袋中。 口袋中的流体压力承载着面部中一个构件的负载的主要部分。 构件的振动在较高负载下有一个冲程，一个在较小的载荷下。 另一个构件的枢转运动通过通道控制流体的流动，以在较小的载荷下在行程中的较高负载和较低压力下在行程中提供流体袋中的高压。 该装置特别适用于流体处理机的活塞和活塞鞋。 但它也可以用于将负载承载在机器或车辆的其他部件上，其中发生至少两个运动，并且可以获得压力下的流体供应源。

公开(公告)号：US4475870A

公开(公告)日：1984-10-09

申请号：US179420

申请日：1980-08-19

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F16H39/30 ,  F03C1/053 ,  F03C1/08 ,  F03C1/24 ,  F03C1/26 ,  F03C1/34 ,  F03C1/40 ,  F04B1/10 ,  F04B1/107 ,  F04B1/113 ,  F04B9/10 ,  F15B11/08 ,  F04B23/10 ,  F04B23/14

CPC classification number: F04B9/10

Abstract: A hydraulic arrangement has a housing which includes a first space of a definite first pressure and a second space with a lower second pressure. A primary pump supplies fluid under the first pressure into the first space to open the entrance ports into cylinders, which contain pistons therein, whereby the pistons are forced partially out of the cylinders and into the mentioned second space. In the second space the pistons are moved inwardly into the cylinders by an eccentric cam ring to supply a flow of fluid of a fourth pressure out of the outlet of the arrangement's housing.In modified embodiments the arrangement is a pressure transmission, which takes in a third pressure to drive a motor in the arrangement which in turn drives the shaft with the eccentric cam and the unit then exits the fourth pressure, which might be a very high pressure of up to more than ten thousand pounds per square inch. Still other embodiments show in several modifications a device to reciprocate or oscillate exterior linear or rotary motors either permanently or stepwise in predetermined cycles. Working actions of machines or vehicles can so be driven and controlled by the arrangement without additional control facilities, when so desired.

Abstract translation: 液压装置具有壳体，该壳体包括具有确定的第一压力的第一空间和具有较低的第二压力的第二空间。 初级泵将第一压力下的流体供应到第一空间中，以将进入口打开到其中包含活塞的气缸中，由此活塞被部分地从气缸中推出并进入所述第二空间。 在第二空间中，活塞通过偏心凸轮环向内移动到气缸中，以将第四压力的流体流从配置的壳体的出口提供出来。 在改进的实施例中，该布置是压力传递装置，其承受第三压力以驱动该装置中的电动机，该装置又随着偏心凸轮驱动轴，并且该装置然后离开第四压力，该压力可能是非常高的压力 每平方英寸超过一万磅。 其他实施例在几个修改中示出了在预定周期中永久地或逐步地往复运动或振荡外部线性或旋转电动机的装置。 如果需要，机器或车辆的工作动作可由该装置驱动和控制，而不需要附加的控制设备。

公开(公告)号：US4456430A

公开(公告)日：1984-06-26

申请号：US243324

申请日：1981-03-13

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F04B1/20 ,  F01D7/00

CPC classification number: F04B1/20 ,  B64C2700/6281 ,  F02F2200/04 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2201/046

Abstract: In a vehicle or device a fluid motor is employed to drive rotary members, such as wheels, propellers, tracks. The motor is provided with an arrangement which includes a control means and an axially moveable member. By utilizing the control means for example by a flow of fluid, the axially moveable member is used to apply an action, which is not common to the usual operation of fluid motors. The arrangement may be used to arrest the rotor of the motor from rotation, when no pressure is in the driving fluid line. It may also be used to control the pitch of propellers with variable pitch arrangements. Also possible is to use the arrangement to automatically obtain an auto-rotation of rotor blades on vertical axes of vertically take off and landing vehicles, when the pressure in the fluid line to the motors for driving the motors drops below a predetermined minimum of pressure.

Abstract translation: 在车辆或设备中，使用流体马达来驱动旋转构件，例如轮子，螺旋桨，轨道。 马达设置有包括控制装置和可轴向移动的构件的装置。 通过利用控制装置例如通过流体流动，可轴向移动的构件用于施加动作，这对于流体马达的通常操作是不常见的。 当驱动流体管线中没有压力时，该装置可用于阻止电动机的转子旋转。 它也可用于控制具有可变节距排列的螺旋桨的桨距。 还有可能的是，当驱动马达的流体管线中的压力下降到预定的最小压力以下时，使用该装置可自动获得垂直起降车辆的垂直轴上的转子叶片的自动旋转。

公开(公告)号：US4387866A

公开(公告)日：1983-06-14

申请号：US229910

申请日：1981-01-30

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: B64C29/00 ,  B65G17/32 ,  H01F41/08

CPC classification number: H01F41/08 ,  B64C29/00

Abstract: An aircraft has a pair of tiltable wings for vertical and horizontal flight with propeller-pairs which are driven and synchronized by a fluid transmission between the power plant and the propellers. The interior structure which keeps most of the components of the craft together consists of at least three pipes which are also utilized to carry the driving fluid to and from the motors, to hold the motors and to hold the wings. The pipe structure can be pivoted in respective bearing means of the body of the aircraft to effect the pivotion of the propellers and wings for either vertical take off and landing or for horizontal flight. The take over of a plurality of functions by the interior pipe structure reduces weight and assures safe and economic operation of the craft.

Abstract translation: 飞机具有一对可倾斜翼，用于垂直和水平飞行，具有螺旋桨对，其由发电厂和螺旋桨之间的流体传动驱动和同步。 将工艺大部分组件保​​持在一起的内部结构由至少三个管道组成，这些管道也用于将驱动流体运送到电动机和从电动机运送驱动流体，以保持电动机并保持机翼。 管道结构可以在飞行器的主体的相应轴承装置中枢转，以实现螺旋桨和机翼的垂直起飞和着陆或水平飞行的枢转。 通过内部管道结构接管多个功能减轻了重量并且确保了工艺的安全和经济的操作。

公开(公告)号：US4358073A

公开(公告)日：1982-11-09

申请号：US954555

申请日：1978-10-25

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: B64C29/00 ,  F03C1/24 ,  F04B1/20 ,  B64C15/00

CPC classification number: B64C29/00 ,  F03C1/2415 ,  F04B1/20 ,  F04B1/2092 ,  B64C2700/6281 ,  F02F2200/04 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2201/046

Abstract: A fluid motor has working chambers which take in and expell a fluid. The fluid under pressure acts in working chambers to produce a torque and thereby to drive the motor, constituting with the associated parts the drive of the motor.At least one separated fluid line supplies fluid into a space which includes or operates an additional member provided on the fluid motor. The mentioned fluid line and space are able to operate independently of the drive system of the motor.It is thereby possible to operate over the fluid line, for example by remote control, the additional member on the motor independently of the fluid flow of the drive of the motor. The additional member is thereby able to do an additional work or function independently of the drive of the motor.In other embodiments of the invention, the additional member may work in unison or dependence on the fluid drive of the motor, when so desired. Instead of applying only a single separated fluid line a number of separated fluid lines can also be applied and may provide different actions of one or more additional members on the fluid motor.

Abstract translation: 流体马达具有吸入和排出流体的工作室。 压力下的流体作用在工作室中以产生扭矩，从而驱动电动机，与电动机驱动相关的部件构成。 至少一个分离的流体管线将流体供应到包括或操作设置在流体马达上的附加构件的空间中。 所提到的流体管线和空间能够独立于马达的驱动系统运行。 因此，可以例如通过远程控制在液压管线上操作马达上的附加构件，而与马达驱动器的流体流动无关。 因此，附加构件能够独立于电动机的驱动来执行额外的工作或功能。 在本发明的其它实施例中，当需要时，附加构件可以一致地或依赖于电动机的流体驱动。 代替仅应用单个分离的流体管线，也可以施加许多分离的流体管线，并且可以提供流体马达上的一个或多个附加构件的不同作用。

公开(公告)号：US4171784A

公开(公告)日：1979-10-23

申请号：US821683

申请日：1977-08-04

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: B64C11/28 ,  B64C27/04 ,  B64C27/12 ,  B64C29/00 ,  B64C37/00 ,  B64D31/14 ,  B64D35/00 ,  F02B75/02

CPC classification number: B64C27/20 ,  B64C11/28 ,  B64C27/12 ,  B64C29/00 ,  B64C37/00 ,  B64D31/14 ,  B64D35/00 ,  B64C2700/6281 ,  F02B2075/025

Abstract: A vehicle for traveling in the air and/or on the ground is equipped with two, four, or eight propellers on vertical shafts, each driven by a rotary hydraulic motor of the radial-piston type. The motor may comprise two rotors which are connected in individual hydraulic circuits supplied with fluid from different hydraulic pumps. One embodiment of the vehicle comprises an automobile with the propellers mounted in oblique air ducts or in shrouds pivotable in the travel direction. Each rotor of the hydraulic motors is coupled to the shaft unidirectionally so that in case of failure, the shaft can be driven by the other rotor. Each hydraulic pump preferably produces four equal fluid flows and comprises two rotors on a common shaft, each rotor with two separate groups of cylinders, the eccentricity of at least one of the rotors being adjustable. Both the hydraulic motor and the pump have inlet and outlet connections on the radial periphery of the housing. The pumps and the engine are mounted on a lowerable and retractable substructure which may lowered below the body of the vehicle at flight in air and be retracted into the body of the vehicle when travelling on the ground.

Abstract translation: 在空气和/或地面上行驶的车辆在垂直轴上装备有两个，四个或八个螺旋桨，每个由径向活塞式旋转液压马达驱动。 电动机可以包括两个转子，其连接在从不同液压泵供应流体的各个液压回路中。 车辆的一个实施例包括具有安装在倾斜空气管道中的螺旋桨的汽车，或者在行进方向上可枢转的护罩。 液压马达的每个转子单向联接到轴上，使得在故障的情况下，轴可以由另一个转子驱动。 每个液压泵优选地产生四个相等的流体流，并且在公共轴上包括两个转子，每个转子具有两个分开的气缸组，至少一个转子的偏心度是可调节的。 液压马达和泵都具有在壳体的径向周边上的入口和出口连接。 泵和发动机安装在可下降和可缩回的底座上，其可在空中飞行时降低到车辆本体的下方，并且当在地面上行驶时被缩回到车身中。

公开(公告)号：US3975988A

公开(公告)日：1976-08-24

申请号：US616846

申请日：1975-09-25

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F01B1/06 ,  F01B13/06 ,  F03C1/38

CPC classification number: F01B13/063 ,  F01B1/0644 ,  F03C1/0444

Abstract: A fluid-handling machine has a housing and radial cylinder blocks mounted for rotation in the same. Radially movable pistons are mounted in the cylinder blocks and each have an end portion formed with an elongated head of part-cylindrical cross section which is joined to the associated end portion by a constricted neck. The longitudinal axis of the respective neck extends normal to the longitudinal axis of the associated piston. Piston shoes are associated with the pistons and are formed with respective part-cylindrical recesses in each of which one of the heads is seated and retained, whereas the necks are located outside the recesses.

Abstract translation: 流体处理机具有安装成在其中旋转的壳体和径向气缸体。 径向可动活塞安装在气缸体中，并且每个活塞具有形成有部分圆柱形横截面的细长头部的端部，其通过收缩的颈部连接到相关联的端部。 相应颈部的纵向轴线垂直于相关活塞的纵向轴线延伸。 活塞鞋与活塞相关联并且形成有相应的部分圆柱形凹部，每个凹部中的一个头部被固定和保持，而颈部位于凹部外部。

公开(公告)号：US5375681A

公开(公告)日：1994-12-27

申请号：US49387

申请日：1993-04-21

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: B66B9/04 ,  B66F3/22 ,  B66B11/04

CPC classification number: B66B9/04 ,  B66F3/22

Abstract: The present invention overcomes existing problems by the provision of a lifting device below the lowest shanks and endwards of the platform. The lift stroke of the highest scissor obtains thereby a many times longer stroke relative to the very short stroke of the lifting device. In another preferred arrangement of the invention, two columns of scissors are mounted parallel laterally of each other for synchronized operation. The highest scissor-shanks then connect to top arms which bear holder shafts on which holders are kept to extend downwards from the holder shafts. The holders then carry on their lower ends the platform, whereby the platform can become sank down for meeting the level of the ground for an easy loading of the platform. The holders with the platform can become replaced by a cabin. The lifting device of the invention requires thereby only small space for instalment in a house or a hall. Since the device of the invention is "self-holding", a structure to hold or guide the lift is not necessary and the lift of the invention can therefore be applied also in wooden houses or halls.

Abstract translation: 本发明克服了现有的问题，即通过在最低柄下方和平台的下方提供升降装置。 最高剪刀的提升行程相对于提升装置的非常短的行程获得了许多倍的行程。 在本发明的另一优选布置中，两列剪刀彼此横向并列安装以进行同步操作。 然后，最高的剪刀柄连接到支撑保持器轴的顶臂上，保持器保持支架从支架轴向下延伸。 所述支架随后在其下端承载平台，由此平台可能沉没以满足地面的平整以容易地装载平台。 具有平台的支架可以被一个舱室所取代。 因此，本发明的提升装置仅需要较小的空间来安装在房屋或大厅中。 由于本发明的装置是“自保持”的，因此不需要用于保持或引导升降机的结构，因此本发明的升降机也可以应用于木制房屋或大厅中。

公开(公告)号：US4899957A

公开(公告)日：1990-02-13

申请号：US105848

申请日：1987-10-07

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: B64C11/28 ,  B64C27/04 ,  B64C27/12 ,  B64C29/00 ,  B64D31/14 ,  B64D35/00 ,  F02B75/02 ,  F03C1/24 ,  F04B1/20 ,  F16C21/00

CPC classification number: B64C27/52 ,  B64C11/28 ,  B64C27/04 ,  B64C27/12 ,  B64C29/00 ,  B64C29/0016 ,  B64D31/14 ,  B64D35/00 ,  F03C1/2415 ,  F04B1/20 ,  F04B1/2092 ,  F16C21/00 ,  B64C2700/6281 ,  F02B2075/025 ,  F02F2200/04 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2201/046

Abstract: In a vehicle or device a fluid motor is employed to drive rotary members, such as wheels, propellers, tracks. The motor is provided with an arrangement which includes a control means and an axially moveable member. By utilizing the control means, for example, by a flow of fluid, the axially moveable member is used to apply an action, which is not common to the usual operation of fluid motors. The arrangement may be used to arrest the rotor of the motor from rotation when no pressure is in the driving fluid line. It may also be used to control the pitch of propellers with variable pitch arrangements. Also possible is to use the arrangement to automatically obtain an auto-rotation of rotor blades on vertical axes of vertically take off and landing vehicles, when the pressure in the fluid line to the motors for driving the motors drops below a predetermined minimum of pressure.The speciality of the preferred embodiment which is shown in FIGS. 18, 19, 24 to 26 and 34 to 37 consists in the provision of a tail propeller, a main lift propeller and a rate of power varying means in the transmission between the power plant and the mentioned propellers. Thereby the tail propeller acts as forward driving propeller, while the main lift propeller may act with vertical or slightly inclined axis or it may be stopped to rest. The vehicle can thereby fly as a helicpoter or selectively as a gyrocopter and as an aircraft flying on wings if the wing assembly is assembled to the vehicle.

Abstract translation: 在车辆或设备中，使用流体马达来驱动旋转构件，例如轮子，螺旋桨，轨道。 马达设置有包括控制装置和可轴向移动的构件的装置。 通过利用控制装置，例如通过流体流动，可轴向移动的构件用于施加动作，这对于流体马达的通常操作是不常见的。 当驱动流体管线中没有压力时，该装置可用于阻止马达的转子旋转。 它也可用于控制具有可变节距排列的螺旋桨的桨距。 还有可能的是，当驱动马达的流体管线中的压力下降到预定的最小压力以下时，使用该装置可自动获得垂直起降车辆的垂直轴上的转子叶片的自动旋转。 图1和图2所示的优选实施例的特征。 18,19,24至26和34至37条包括在发电厂和所述螺旋桨之间的传输中提供尾桨，主升力螺旋桨和动力变化装置的速率。 因此，尾螺旋桨作为前进驱动螺旋桨，而主提升螺旋桨可以垂直或稍微倾斜的轴线起作用，或者可以停止休息。 因此，如果机翼组件组装到车辆上，则车辆可以作为螺旋桨飞行，或者选择性地作为陀螺仪飞行器和作为飞行器的飞行器飞行。

公开(公告)号：US4890539A

公开(公告)日：1990-01-02

申请号：US150865

申请日：1988-02-01

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F01B3/00 ,  F04B1/20

CPC classification number: F01B3/0055 ,  F04B1/2021

Abstract: A control arrangement to control the flow of fluid through pumps, motors, transmissions, engines has an eccentric shoulder assembled into a respective thrust chamber in a portion of the housing to be pressed against the rotary seal face of the rotor of the device. Such arrangements are known from some of my earlier patents and have served satisfactorily, but with the desire to improve the pressures further, it has been found, that arrangements are required to prevent the control body from slight rotation, under which it otherwise would stick. The arrangement provides the means to prevent the rotation and sticking by defining a relationship between eccentricities and gravity centers in order to reduce the tendency to stick. Pins and pins with eccentric and adjustable portions are also used to prevent the tendency to stick and so are pluralities of eccentrically arranged individual thrust chambers and control body portions. A specific feature which is claimed consists in a control body for reversible flow directions of flow of fluid which control body has only two seats instead of the former three seats, while at the same time the control body is highly efficient with only small leakage and friction.

Abstract translation: 用于控制通过泵，马达，变速器，发动机的流体流动的控制装置具有组装在壳体的一部分中的相应推力室中的偏心肩部，以压靠装置的转子的旋转密封面。 这些安排是从我以前的一些专利中已知的，已经令人满意地得到了，但是为了进一步提高压力的期望，已经发现，需要这样的布置来防止控制体轻微的旋转，否则它将被粘住。 该装置提供了通过限定偏心和重力中心之间的关系来防止旋转和粘附的装置，以便减少粘附的倾向。 具有偏心和可调节部分的销和销也用于防止粘附的倾向，并且多个偏心布置的单个推进室和控制主体部分也是如此。 所要求的具体特征在于控制体的可逆流动方向的控制体，控制体仅具有两个座位而不是前三个座，而同时控制体高度有效，只有很小的泄漏和摩擦 。