Abstract:
A control entity (21) generates a set of control values for input to a processing entity (20) that needs these control values for its proper working. The control entity (21) can only generate the correct control values when enabled by an enabling entity (22), such as a smart card. The enabling and control entities (22, 21) each have a touch point word generator (26, 23) for respectively generating first and second identical successions of touch-point words (TPW(EE)i, TPW(CE)i). In addition, the enabling entity (22) has a build-word generator (27) for producing from each touch point word of the first succession, a corresponding build word (Ai) having a value dependent on the value of the touch-point word concerned and its order position (i) in the first succession. The enabling entity (22) passes these build words (Ai) to the control entity (21) where they are used together with the corresponding touch point words (TPW(CE)i) of the second succession, to produce a series of command word values serving as the required control values. As the build words are of different values and are needed to generate the correct control values, it is difficult for an attacker to modify the control entity (21) in a way avoiding the need for the enabling entity (22) to be present.
Abstract:
Data are transmitted in blocks over a channel together with control signals for coordinating access to the channel. The control signals have the same values as some of the data blocks, these values being selected so that the control signals are spaced throughout the population of data block values and so that there is a greater Hamming distance between the control signal values than between the data signals. The control signals are transmitted between delimiter signals which differ from any of the data block signals, and are passed through a scrambling and encoding system in the same way as data signals, so that the spectrum of radiated electromagnetic emissions from the channel is not affected by the control signals.
Abstract:
A communication device (60) for simultaneously transmitting information (76, 78) on multiple sub-channels encodes information (75) for each of the multiple sub-channels with a coding scheme to produce channel encoded information. A mask vector (72), derived from a redundancy in the coding scheme, encodes (68) the channel encoded information (75) to transform the channel encoded information into codewords having pairwise Euclidean distance properties identical to those of the channel encoded information (75). Modulation of the sub-channels in accordance with the codewords in a modulator then produces a composite signal envelope (78), shown in the figure, having a peak-to-mean envelope power ratio (PMEPR) reduced relative to a PMEPR for correspondingly modulated channel encoded information.
Abstract:
Authentication by an intermediary F (e.g. a bank) of an originator C of a message (e.g. a client sending an instruction to pay a merchant M) is accomplished using a protocol which does not require the intermediary to possess passwords used by the originator C and the merchant M to protect the contents of the message. Furthermore, the protocol does not require any party to the transaction to decrypt any value previously encrypted by any other party, so a reversible encryption algorithm is not required.
Abstract:
Described herein is a printer having a printhead (102) which traverses laterally across a sheetlike print medium (110) and which thereby defines a laterally-extending print zone across the print medium. A paper transport mechanism in the printer has drive rollers (114) and associated pinch wheels (180) to drive the print medium through the printer's print zone. The paper transport mechanism further includes an upper print media guide (202) and a lower print medium guide (126). The two print medium guides are shaped at their transverse ends to bow the transverse edges of the print medium downwardly to reduce its tendency to buckle upwardly into the printhead. In order to fit the upper print medium guide into the limited available space above the drive rollers, it is made of a lower molded portion (170) for paper contact and an upper backing portion (172) for rigidity. A pinch finger (191) extends toward the printer's print zone beyond the pinch wheels to establish a pinch point (192) against the drive roller in near proximity to the print zone. To facilitate ejection of printed pages, the upper print medium guide is formed with a series of ribs (204) which contact the paper. The ribs reduce friction and static buildup, and make it easier to push the paper from the paper transport mechanism.
Abstract:
Miniaturized planar column devices (2) for use in liquid phase separation apparatus are described. The devices include microstructures that have been fabricated by laser ablation in a variety of novel support substrates. Devices formed according to the methods of the invention include associated laser-ablated features required for function, such as on-device reservoirs (16) or makeup flos compartments, analyte detection means and sample injection means. The miniaturized columns can be used in an apparatus intended for analysis of either small and/or macromolecular solutes in the liquid phase which employs chromatographic electrophoretic, electrochromatographic separation means. The apparatus can include a variety of optional injection means, manifolds, keeper means, post column collection means, and combinations thereof.
Abstract:
A memory device is disclosed in which there is little stray capacitance in the wiring between the probes and the W/R circuits, so that the device is relatively immune to the effects of noise, in which a high parallelness can be insured for the respective probes, which can be manufactured at a low cost, and which has a high recording density. Such memory device is equipped with a memory substrate (7) that has a memory medium formed on its surface, and a probe device (1) that includes a multiple number of probes (2) that have conductive needles (22), a positioning device (91), write-read (W/R) circuits (31), and probe driving circuits (32); and in which the probes, W/R circuits, and probe driving circuits are formed in close proximity to each other on the probe device by a monolithic semiconductor process.
Abstract:
Through holes (2) are bored in given positions of a disc enclosure (101), and sealing members (1) having threaded holes (6) in which screw members (3) for fixing external components can be driven are provided. The through holes (2) are sealed by the sealing members (1), and a printed circuit board (116) and other external components are mounted on the outer surface of the disc enclosure (101) by screwing the screw members (3) into the threaded holes (6). Thus, it is possible to prevent dust particles from entering the interior of the disc enclosure, the external components can be fixed to the disc enclosure (101) easily without increasing the manufacturing cost due to the increased number of machining steps, and without causing the device to be larger.
Abstract:
To facilitate the carrying out of a range of different types of management task in a computer system (such as fault diagnosis and service installation), declarative models (22) are constructed of the various services provided by the system (10-13). These models (22) specify the requirements that need to be met for the corresponding service to be available. These requirements are set out in terms of the system entities that need to be present and the inter-relationships of these entities. In addition, each management task is specified in a corresponding task program (21) in terms of general inferencing operations that can be performed on any of the models. Execution of a particular management task involves carrying out inferencing operations on the appropriate service model (22) in accordance with the task program (21) for the management task under consideration.