Abstract:
A planar structure is provided for coupling electromagnetic signals between a planar transmission line and a waveguide (10). The planar structure comprises a shielded patch antenna (24) and one or more capacitive diaphragms (28) disposed adjacent to the patch antenna (24). This structure is advantageous to MMIC (monolithic microwave integrated circuit) modules in connecting from a planar transmission line of a substrate carrying an MMIC to an external waveguide without the need of a non-planar back metal short, which is normally essential to avoid back scattering from waveguide and also normally needed to achieve impedance matching. The disclosed patch antenna (24) radiates into the waveguide (10) while the antenna's ground plane reduces back scattering from the waveguide (10). The one or more capacitive diaphragms (28) provide impedance matching between the microstrip and the waveguide (10).
Abstract:
An optical fiber device includes a rigid pipe (4) provided to cover the outer peripheries of a fixing joint portion (2) and an optical fiber (1). The tip portion (4a) of the rigid pipe (4) has a gap for providing flexibility between the optical fiber (1) and the tip portion (4a). Therefore, the rigid pipe (4) suppresses bending of the optical fiber (1) to avoid concentration of stress in the fixing joint portion (2) for fixing the optical fiber (1) to an optical unit section, thereby avoiding breakage of the optical fiber (1) in the fixing joint portion (2). The optical fiber device also includes a ferrule (3a) and is used to connect the optical fiber (1) to an optical unit (3b).
Abstract:
In a microwave voltage controlled oscillator, a negative resistance circuit (5) having an output terminal is connected to a first terminal of a strip shaped resonator (1). The anode of a variable capacitance diode (2) is connected to a second terminal of the strip shaped resonator via a capacitor (1').The cathode of the variable capacitance diode is grounded. One terminal of a high impedance strip shaped line (3) is connected to the anode of the variable capacitance diode (2). The other terminal of the strip shaped line is grounded via a capacitor (4). The capacitor (4) has sufficiently low impedance at an oscillation frequency. The microwave VCO may be applied to an automobile radar.
Abstract:
A sub-harmonic mixer having at least one diode ring array used for up-conversion in a transmitter and for down-conversion in a receiver. Each diode ring array has a plurality of (e.g., four) diode rings arranged in parallel. The diode ring array may be connected in parallel or series with the signal flowing in the circuit. In a transmitter, a local oscillator (LO) generates an LO frequency signal. The sub-harmonic mixer generates a signal having twice the LO frequency using the LO frequency signal, and multiplies it to an intermediate frequency (IF) signal to generate a radio frequency (RF) signal for transmission. The subharmonic mixer may be a sub-harmonic image rejection mixer having two diode ring arrays (i.e., sub-harmonic mixers) that are coupled together through a 90 hybrid at an input and a 90 hybrid at an output. In a receiver, the sub-harmonic mixer receives an input RF signal and generates an output IF signal in a reverse process.
Abstract:
A sub-harmonic mixer having at least one diode ring array used for up-conversion in a transmitter and for down-conversion in a receiver. Each diode ring array has a plurality of (e.g., four) diode rings arranged in parallel. The diode ring array may be connected in parallel or series with the signal flowing in the circuit. In a transmitter, a local oscillator (LO) generates an LO frequency signal. The sub-harmonic mixer generates a signal having twice the LO frequency using the LO frequency signal, and multiplies it to an intermediate frequency (IF) signal to generate a radio frequency (RF) signal for transmission. The subharmonic mixer may be a sub-harmonic image rejection mixer having two diode ring arrays (i.e., sub-harmonic mixers) that are coupled together through a 90 ° hybrid at an input and a 90 ° hybrid at an output. In a receiver, the sub-harmonic mixer receives an input RF signal and generates an output IF signal in a reverse process.
Abstract:
A broadside 90° microwave coupler is composed of three metal layers in a homogeneous dielectric media. The coupler is constructed in a multi-layer configuration with two conductor strips arranged on top of each other so as to be electro-magnetically coupled. A ground plane formed with a third metal layer below the coupled conductor strips is opened so that it is separated from the conductor strips by a gap. The two conductor strips are fully embedded into the dielectric layer. The characteristic physical dimensions of the coupler are determined to achieve the desired coupling coefficient while maintaining low reflection, high isolation and phase balance at the output ports of the coupler.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of testing a wavelength-tunable laser that prevents an increase in the number of components, the number of assembling processes or the like, and detects the optimal operation point, and to provide a method of controlling the wavelength-tunable laser and a laser device. SOLUTION: The method is provided for testing a wavelength-tunable laser (10) with a resonator including wavelength selection portions (11, 12) having wavelength property peaks different from each other. The method includes: a first step of oscillating the wavelength-tunable laser at a predetermined wavelength based on an initial set value; a second step of detecting a discontinuity point of gain condition change of the wavelength-tunable laser while changing the wavelength property of the wavelength selection portions; and a third step of calculating a stable operation point of the wavelength selection portions based on a limiting point of an oscillation condition at the predetermined wavelength, the limiting point being a point when the discontinuity point is detected. COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an optical semiconductor device capable of suppressing a lowering of reliability and suppressing defects created on a surface of a compound semiconductor layer and method of manufacturing the same. SOLUTION: An optical semiconductor device has a compound semiconductor layer 22 that is provided on a substrate 10 and includes a first conductivity type cladding layer 12, activation layer 14 and a second conductivity type cladding layer 16 that is the opposite of the first conductivity type. The method includes the sequential steps of: forming a diffusion source layer 42 on the compound semiconductor layer; forming a first diffusion region 23 in the compound semiconductor layer by carrying out a first heat treatment so that the first diffusion region 23 includes a light emitting facet 38 for emitting light from the activation layer, removing the diffusion source layer; forming an SiN film 46 having a refractive index of 1.9 or higher on the compound semiconductor layer; and turning the first diffusion region 23 into the second diffusion region 24 by carrying out a second heat treatment. COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT