公开(公告)号：WO1998018214A1

公开(公告)日：1998-04-30

申请号：PCT/US1997018022

申请日：1997-10-03

Applicant: GLOBALSTAR L.P.

Inventor： GLOBALSTAR L.P. ,  WIEDEMAN, Robert, A.

IPC: H04B07/185

CPC classification number: H04B7/18513

Abstract: The teaching of this invention pertains particularly to satellite communications systems using GSO or NGSO satellites. This invention employs data derived from propagation related attenuation-inducing events so as to plan a system resource allocation to minimize an amount of power required to close communication links (33a, 33b, 34a, 34b) between user terminals (5) and satellites (50). Disclosed are method for modelling gateway to satellite links, as well as methods for modelling the user terminal (5) to satellite links (33a, 33b, 34a, 34b). This invention overcomes the problems inherent in the prior art by providing a direct measurement of severe path attenuation potential (14a). The use of the teaching of this invention enables preplanning in the allocation of satellites and satellite resources by calculating a potential for signal path interference based on an external measurement of where rain attenuation may be located, and the real-time or approximately real-time tracking of rain cell activity within storm cells. Optimization of a global system of satellites is made possible, particularly in the context of a LEO satellite.

Abstract translation: 本发明的教导尤其涉及使用GSO或NGSO卫星的卫星通信系统。 本发明采用从与传播相关的衰减诱导事件导出的数据，以便规划系统资源分配，以最小化关闭用户终端（5）和卫星（50）之间的通信链路（33a，33b，34a，34b）所需的功率量 ）。 公开了用于对卫星链路的网关进行建模的方法，以及用于将用户终端（5）建模到卫星链路（33a，33b，34a，34b）的方法。 本发明通过提供严重路径衰减电位（14a）的直接测量来克服现有技术中固有的问题。 使用本发明的教导可以通过基于可能存在雨衰的位置的外部测量计算信号路径干扰的可能性来实现对卫星和卫星资源的分配的预先计划，以及实时或近似实时跟踪 暴雨池内的雨细胞活动。 可以优化全球卫星系统，特别是在低地球轨道卫星的情况下。

公开(公告)号：WO1997019524A1

公开(公告)日：1997-05-29

申请号：PCT/US1996016194

申请日：1996-10-09

Applicant: GLOBALSTAR L.P.

Inventor： GLOBALSTAR L.P. ,  WIEDEMAN, Robert, A. ,  MONTE, Paul, A. ,  PENWARDEN, Kent, A.

IPC: H04B07/185

CPC classification number: H04B7/18539 ,  G01S19/42

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and apparatus for use in a satellite communications system (10) that enable a user to gain knowledge of a direction to one or more "best" satellites available to the user. This information enables the user to alter his or her position to take advantage of the one or more "best" satellites at any particular time in order to facilitate the ability to log-on, initiate and receive calls, and complete calls. The information can be supplied by the user terminal (13) itself, or by a gateway (14). The information can be employed by the user to select for a period of time, by example, a position on an east side of a building, to move to a south-east facing window, or to take some other action that enhances the user's connectivity to one or more of the satellites.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于卫星通信系统（10）中的方法和装置，其使得用户能够获得关于可用于用户的一个或多个“最佳”卫星的方向的知识。 该信息使得用户能够在任何特定时间改变他或她的位置以利用一个或多个“最佳”卫星，以便于登录，发起和接收呼叫以及完成呼叫的能力。 信息可以由用户终端（13）本身或网关（14）提供。 该信息可以由用户使用以选择一段时间，例如，建筑物东侧的位置，移动到东南面的窗口，或者采取一些增强用户连接性的其他动作 一个或多个卫星。

公开(公告)号：US20020142781A1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-03

申请号：US09750998

申请日：2000-12-29

Applicant: Globalstar L.P.

Inventor： Robert A. Wiedeman ,  Michael J. Sites

IPC: H04Q007/20

CPC classification number: H04B7/18547 ,  H04W64/00 ,  H04W84/06 ,  H04W88/16

Abstract: A method for determining whether a gateway will service a user terminal in a satellite communication system comprises the steps of (1) determining whether a position of the user terminal is ambiguous, and (2) if the position is ambiguous, then (a) determining whether a previous registration of a service provider for the user terminal matches a current service provider accessible via the gateway, and (b) if the previous registration matches the current service provider, then accepting the user terminal for service by the gateway. Alternate methods involve determining that the user terminal is at either of two ambiguous positions, and (1) determining whether both of the two ambiguous positions are within a service area of the gateway, (2) determining whether at least one of the two ambiguous positions is within a restricted area for which the gateway does not provide service, or (3) determining a parameter of a beam transmitted from the user terminal to a satellite of the satellite communication system.

Abstract translation: 一种用于确定网关是否将为卫星通信系统中的用户终端服务的方法包括以下步骤：（1）确定用户终端的位置是否不明确，以及（2）如果位置不明确，则（a）确定 用户终端的服务提供商的先前注册是否与经由网关可访问的当前服务提供商匹配，以及（b）如果先前注册与当前服务提供商匹配，则接受用户终端进行服务。 替代方法包括确定用户终端处于两个模糊位置中的任一个，以及（1）确定两个模糊位置是否在网关的服务区域内，（2）确定两个模糊位置中的至少一个 在网关不提供服务的限制区域内，或（3）确定从用户终端发射到卫星通信系统的卫星的波束的参数。

公开(公告)号：WO1997006577A1

公开(公告)日：1997-02-20

申请号：PCT/US1996000276

申请日：1996-01-16

Applicant: GLOBALSTAR L.P.

Inventor： GLOBALSTAR L.P. ,  HIRSHFIELD, Edward

IPC: H01Q01/36

CPC classification number: H01Q11/08 ,  H01Q1/38 ,  H01Q23/00 ,  H04B7/18571 ,  Y02D70/1262 ,  Y02D70/446

Abstract: An antenna structure (10) includes a plurality of transmit linear elements (22a-22d) arranged parallel to one another and a plurality of receive linear elements (24a-24d) also arranged parallel to one another. Individual ones of the plurality of transmit elements are spaced apart from one another and have one of the plurality of receive elements disposed therebetween. A width of each of the plurality of transmit elements and the plurality of receive elements varies periodically along a length of the element thus periodically modulating each element. A narrowest width portion of a transmit element is disposed adjacent to a widest width portion of an adjacently disposed receive element, and vice versa, minimizing coupling between the elements. Transmit amplifiers (16a, 16b) and receive amplifiers (30a, 30b) are located at opposite ends of an antenna stalk body (36) where the transmit amplifiers and receive amplifiers are intimately associated with their respective antenna elements, minimizing losses.

Abstract translation: 天线结构（10）包括彼此平行布置的多个发射线性元件（22a-22d）和彼此平行布置的多个接收线性元件（24a-24d）。 多个发送元件中的各个发送元件彼此间隔开并且将多个接收元件中的一个设置在它们之间。 多个发射元件和多个接收元件中的每一个的宽度沿着元件的长度周期性地变化，从而周期性地调制每个元件。 发射元件的最窄宽度部分邻近于相邻设置的接收元件的最宽宽度部分设置，反之亦然，使得元件之间的耦合最小化。 发射放大器（16a，16b）和接收放大器（30a，30b）位于天线杆体（36）的相对端，其中发射放大器和接收放大器与它们各自的天线元件紧密相关，使损耗最小化。

公开(公告)号：WO1996039758A1

公开(公告)日：1996-12-12

申请号：PCT/US1996004365

申请日：1996-03-29

Applicant: GLOBALSTAR L.P.

Inventor： GLOBALSTAR L.P. ,  WIEDEMAN, Robert, A.

IPC: H04B07/212

CPC classification number: H04W4/18 ,  H04B1/7115 ,  H04B7/18563 ,  H04B2001/70935 ,  H04J13/0048 ,  H04L69/08 ,  H04W84/06 ,  H04W88/04

Abstract: A hybrid communication system and method are disclosed for bidirectionally coupling a first satellite communication system (SYSTEM 1) to a second satellite communication system (SYSTEM 2) by placing ground-based protocol conversion unit (70) between two dissimilar satellite communication systems, thereby linking the two dissimilar systems for bidirectional voice and/or data communications.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于通过在两个不同的卫星通信系统之间放置基于地面的协议转换单元（70）来将第一卫星通信系统（SYSTEM1）双向耦合到第二卫星通信系统（SYSTEM2）的混合通信系统和方法， 用于双向语音和/或数据通信的两个不同的系统。

公开(公告)号：WO1996039756A1

公开(公告)日：1996-12-12

申请号：PCT/US1996003354

申请日：1996-03-12

Applicant: GLOBALSTAR L.P. ,  QUALCOMM INCORPORATED

Inventor： GLOBALSTAR L.P. ,  QUALCOMM INCORPORATED ,  WIEDEMAN, Robert, A. ,  MONTE, Paul, A. ,  CARTER, Stephen, S. ,  AMES, William

IPC: H04B07/195

CPC classification number: H04B7/18541 ,  H04B7/18534 ,  H04B7/18539

Abstract: A system (10) and method for allocating communication traffic through satellites (12) in low earth orbit. Each satellite is oriented, at any given time when in view of a ground station (18), at a particular elevation angle. The method includes: (a) providing each satellite with a receiver for receiving communication from the ground station and a transmitter for transmitting communication to user terminals (13); (b) in response to a request for service, determining if a highest elevation angle satellite can be assigned a new communication link; (c) if yes, assigning a new communication link to the highest elevation angle satellite; (d) if no, determining if a second highest elevation angle satellite can be assigned a new communication link; and (e) if yes, assigning a new communication link to the second highest elevation angle satellite. Assignability depends upon the number of communication links and/or beam power level of the satellite. Preferably, the user terminals employ diversity reception.

Abstract translation: 一种用于通过卫星（12）在低地球轨道中分配通信业务的系统（10）和方法。 每个卫星在任何给定的时间，在地面站（18）的任何给定的时间，在特定的仰角。 该方法包括：（a）为每个卫星提供接收来自地面站的通信的接收机和用于向用户终端（13）发送通信的发射机; （b）响应于服务请求，确定是否可以为最高仰角卫星分配新的通信链路; （c）如果是，则向最高仰角卫星分配新的通信链路; （d）如果否，则确定是否可以为第二高仰角卫星分配新的通信链路; 和（e）如果是，则向第二高仰角卫星分配新的通信链路。 可分配性取决于卫星的通信链路数量和/或波束功率电平。 优选地，用户终端采用分集接收。

公开(公告)号：WO1996039748A1

公开(公告)日：1996-12-12

申请号：PCT/US1996006149

申请日：1996-05-02

Applicant: GLOBALSTAR L.P.

Inventor： GLOBALSTAR L.P. ,  WIEDEMAN, Robert, A. ,  SITES, Michael, J.

IPC: H04B01/00

CPC classification number: H04B7/18543

Abstract: A satellite communication system (10) includes at least one satellite communication signal repeater (12); at least one ground station (18) for transmitting a feeder link comprised of a plurality of communication signals to the at least one satellite communication signal repeater; and a plurality of user terminals (13) each receiving one of the communication signals over a user link from the at least one satellite communication signal repeater. The satellite communication system further includes a closed loop power control system (80) having a plurality of inner loops (84), individual ones of which operate to compensate one of the user links for communication signal impairments occurring at least between the user terminal and the at least one satellite communication repeater, and an outer loop (82) which operates to compensate all of the user links for feeder link impairments occurring between the at least one ground station and the at least one satellite communication signal repeater.

Abstract translation: 卫星通信系统（10）包括至少一个卫星通信信号中继器（12）; 至少一个地面站（18），用于将包括多个通信信号的馈线链路发射到所述至少一个卫星通信信号中继器; 以及多个用户终端（13），每个用户终端（13）通过来自所述至少一个卫星通信信号中继器的用户链路接收所述通信信号之一。 卫星通信系统还包括具有多个内环（84）的闭环功率控制系统（80），其中各个操作用于补偿至少在用户终端和用户终端之间发生的通信信号损害的用户链路之一 至少一个卫星通信中继器和外部环路（82），其操作以补偿所述至少一个地面站和所述至少一个卫星通信信号中继器之间发生的馈线链路损伤的所有用户链路。

公开(公告)号：US20020039900A1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-04

申请号：US09827975

申请日：2001-04-06

Applicant: Globalstar L.P.

Inventor： Robert A. Wiedeman ,  Paul A. Monte

IPC: H04Q007/20

CPC classification number: H04B7/18558

Abstract: A method for operating a communication system includes steps of: (a) receiving a call for a user terminal at a satellite system gateway, the call originating from another user terminal; (b) examining a database to determine if the called user terminal is located within a coverage area of the satellite system gateway; and (c) if yes, formulating a paging message and transmitting the paging message to the called user terminal via at least one satellite. Upon the called user terminal responding to the page, the method further: (d) establishes the call using satellite system resources, (e) designates one of the calling or called user terminals as a call manager for the duration of the call, and (f) makes a temporary assignment of satellite system resources to the call manager user terminal for use in managing the remainder of the call. The step of establishing the call includes a step of assigning at least an initial channel/circuit pair to each of the user terminals. A call synopsis is transmitted from the call manager user terminal to the gateway at the completion of the call, and the gateway employs the call synopsis when transmitting billing-related information from the gateway to another gateway with which one or both of the user terminals has an affiliation. The other gateway could be a virtual gateway that serves a localized region within the service region of the gateway. At the completion of the call the assigned satellite system resources are relinquished. Also disclosed are methods and apparatus for extending the effective service regions of gateways and virtual gateways through a gateway-to-gateway diversity technique, wherein gateways are interconnected for providing user terminal traffic and signalling information between themselves at call setup and during a call.

Abstract translation: 一种用于操作通信系统的方法包括以下步骤：（a）在卫星系统网关处接收对用户终端的呼叫，来自另一用户终端的呼叫; （b）检查数据库以确定被叫用户终端是否位于卫星系统网关的覆盖区域内; 和（c）如果是，则通过至少一个卫星制定寻呼消息并将呼叫消息发送到被叫用户终端。 在被叫用户终端响应该页面的方法中，该方法还包括：（d）使用卫星系统资源建立呼叫，（e）在呼叫期间将呼叫或被叫用户终端中的一个指定为呼叫管理器，以及（ f）将卫星系统资源临时分配给呼叫管理器用户终端，以用于管理呼叫的剩余部分。 建立呼叫的步骤包括将至少一个初始信道/电路对分配给每个用户终端的步骤。 呼叫概要在呼叫完成时从呼叫管理者用户终端发送到网关，并且当从网关向计费相关信息发送计费相关信息时，网关采用呼叫概要，该另一个网关与一个或两个用户终端具有 隶属关系。 另一个网关可以是为网关的服务区域内的本地化区域提供的虚拟网关。 在完成通话后，所分配的卫星系统资源将被放弃。 还公开了用于通过网关到网关分集技术来扩展网关和虚拟网关的有效服务区域的方法和装置，其中网关被互连用于在呼叫建立和呼叫期间在它们之间提供用户终端业务和信令信息。

公开(公告)号：WO1997003505A1

公开(公告)日：1997-01-30

申请号：PCT/US1996010368

申请日：1996-06-13

Applicant: GLOBALSTAR L.P.

Inventor： GLOBALSTAR L.P. ,  WIEDEMAN, Robert, A. ,  MONTE, Paul, A. ,  SITES, Michael, J.

IPC: H04B07/185

CPC classification number: H04B7/18543 ,  H04B7/216

Abstract: A method and system wherein a system gateway (18) determine if an averaged transmitted power density associated with the antenna of the user terminal will equal or exceed at least one of a predetermined threshold level, within a specified period of time, or an absolute threshold level. If the gateway determines that a threshold will probably be exceeded if the call connection is maintained the gateway terminates the connection. A tone or visual indicator may be employed to warn the user that a current connection or call will be terminated. Provisions are made for allowing predetermined types of calls, e.g. emergency calls, to be made during a cutoff period wherein the user terminal is prohibited from placing further calls.

Abstract translation: 一种方法和系统，其中系统网关（18）确定与用户终端的天线相关联的平均的发射功率密度是否等于或超过预定阈值级别中的至少一个，在指定的时间段内，或绝对阈值 水平。 如果网关确定如果保持呼叫连接可能会超出阈值，则网关终止连接。 可以使用音调或视觉指示器来警告用户当前的连接或呼叫将被终止。 规定了允许预定类型的呼叫，例如 在用户终端被禁止进一步呼叫的截止期间进行紧急呼叫。

公开(公告)号：WO1996039755A1

公开(公告)日：1996-12-12

申请号：PCT/US1996003879

申请日：1996-03-22

Applicant: GLOBALSTAR L.P.

Inventor： GLOBALSTAR L.P. ,  WIEDEMAN, Robert, A.

IPC: H04B07/185

CPC classification number: H04B7/1856

Abstract: This invention teaches the use of overlapping footprints in a LEO satellite communications system to increase the overall connectivity of the system, thus providing a wide service availability. In particular, this invention teaches the use of at least one terrestrial LEOS relay station (70) that is positioned within an overlap of at least two satellite coverage areas for relaying a communication from a gateway (18A) associated with a first coverage area to a gateway (18B) associated with a second coverage area. A plurality of LEOS relay stations can be so provided to enable a communication, such as a voice communication, to be routed through a plurality of coverage areas and gateways, thereby bypassing a substantial portion of an underlying terrestrial communication system.

Abstract translation: 本发明教导了在LEO卫星通信系统中使用重叠的足迹以增加系统的总体连接性，从而提供广泛的服务可用性。 特别地，本发明教导了使用位于至少两个卫星覆盖区域的重叠内的至少一个地面LEOS中继站（70），用于将与第一覆盖区域相关联的网关（18A）的通信中继到第一覆盖区域 网关（18B）与第二覆盖区域相关联。 可以提供多个LEOS中继站以使诸如语音通信之类的通信能够通过多个覆盖区域和网关进行路由，从而绕过下层地面通信系统的主要部分。