Abstract:
An antenna employs cylindrical Fresnel zone plate (CFZP) construction in combination with a reflective ground plate and a sectorial reflector to enhance antenna gain, while lowering assembly cost and improving antenna placement flexibility. By forming a surface of symmetry for the antenna, the ground plate allows the antenna to mimic the operation of a symmetrical CFZP antenna using only half the nominal number of Fresnel elements. Further, the sectorial reflector restricts radiated emissions over a desired sector angle, minimizing radiation in undesirable directions, such as toward mounting walls or other nearby surfaces that would cause unwanted signal reflections, such as might aggravate multipath signal phenomenon.
Abstract:
A valveless micropump (10) includes a hollow pump chamber (12) having a driving element (14) coupled thereto, an inlet channel (16) and an outlet channel (18) coupled to the hollow pump chamber (12) defining a fluid flow path through them. At least one direction-sensitive element (20) disposed in the flow path within one of the inlet and outlet channels (16, 18) is installed at angle which produces a drag ratio greater than unity on fluid in the flow path. The driving element (14) may comprise an electrostatic/piezoelectric membrane. Various embodiments of direction-sensitive element (20) include airfoil elements in inlet or outlet channels, or both, and one or more cascades of airfoil elements.
Abstract:
An IC chip-planning system to provide automatic creation and optimisation of chip-level design plan alternatives that can meet target chip area/design density, chip shape/aspect ratio, delay/timing closure, and/or congestion/routability at architectural, RTL, gate, structural and physical levels of the design, which by combining global searching and local searching, a multi-objective optimisation process and a single-objective optimisation process, reduces searching and optimisation time. A parallel system structure with redundancy elimination is preferably employed.
Abstract:
First and second electrically conductive rods (15, 18) are provided inside a shielded electromagnetic test chamber (5). These rods (15, 18) are energized to radiate electromagnetic energy inside the chamber (5). The rods (15, 18) are mounted inside the chamber (5) at right angles to one another, the first rod (15) is movable through the interior volume in a first direction perpendicular to its long axis, and the second rod (18) is movable through the chamber (5) in a second direction perpendicular both to its own long axis and to the first rod's direction of motion. Energy is supplied to the two rods (15, 18) in a way that enhances the uniformity of electromagnetic field applied to a working volume inside the chamber (5) as the two rods (15, 18) move through the chamber (5).
Abstract:
First and second electrically conductive rods are provided inside a shielded electromagnetic test chamber. These rods are energized to radiate electromagnetic energy inside the chamber. The rods are mounted inside the chamber at right angles to one another, the first rod is movable through the interior volume in a first direction perpendicular to its long axis, and the second rod is movable through the chamber in a second direction perpendicular both to its own long axis and to the first rod's direction of motion. Energy is supplied to the two rods in a way that enhances the uniformity of the electromagnetic field applied to a working volume inside the chamber as the two rods move through the chamber.
Abstract:
First and second electrically conductive rods are provided inside a shielded electromagnetic test chamber. These rods are energized to radiate electromagnetic energy inside the chamber. The rods are mounted inside the chamber at right angles to one another, the first rod is movable through the interior volume in a first direction perpendicular to its long axis, and the second rod is movable through the chamber in a second direction perpendicular both to its own long axis and to the first rod's direction of motion. Energy is supplied to the two rods in a way that enhances the uniformity of the electromagnetic field applied to a working volume inside the chamber as the two rods move through the chamber.
Abstract:
The invention can be used in a micropump for dispensing a pharmaceutical liquid, in an ink jet printer or similar devices, or in other applications for controlled pumping of a liquid through an opening in a barrier wall. A pair of electrodes is in electrical contact with a fluid confined behind a containing wall. Each electrode is connected to a source of different electrical potential. When current is conducted through the fluid between the electrodes, resistance heating in the fluid causes local boiling and thus the formation and expansion of a bubble within the fluid. The electrodes are disposed on either side of an opening in the wall, so that the bubble is formed on one side of the wall in close proximity to the opening. Fluid behavior is such that a fluid jet is formed when the bubble collapses in close proximity to the wall. This jet impacts the bubble in a direction toward the wall. The jet then penetrates the bubble to impact against the wall and to urge a quantity of the fluid through the wall opening.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an IC chip-planning system and method to provide automatic creation and optimisation of chip-level design plan alternatives that can meet user-specific target chip area/design density, chip shape/aspect ratio, delay/timing closure, and/or congestion/routability objectives at each level of the designnullarchitectural, RTL, gate, structural and physical levels. By combining global searching and local searching, a multi-objective optimisation process and a single-objective optimisation process, the invention can greatly reduce searching and optimisation time. Flexible system structure allows for generation of the optimised chip-planning solutions via an open optimisation train, a small optimisation loop, and/or a large optimisation loop. With a function module to extract the topological relationship between blocks or gene structure from existing solutions whether from previous designs or manual designs, the invention may also successfully combine human experience and/or work with other EDA tools. A parallel system structure with redundancy elimination is preferably employed to attain high performance in the chip-planning. The invention has the potential to produce near optimal chip-planning solutions to meet the requirements for system-on-chip IC designs having more than 100 million gates and 1 GHz frequency.
Abstract:
A foldable obstacle system is provided on a hydraulic lifting body to alleviate cloud cavitation and so to reduce noise and surface erosion that might otherwise result from unsteady sheet cavitation and a re-entrant jet produced thereby. The system includes one or more foldable obstacle devices or plates, each of which is movable between a closed position at the surface of the body and an open position away from the body. When a re-entrant jet occurs, the jet acts to lift the plates and rotate them into the open position in which they block the re-entrant jet so as to reduce or prevent cloud cavitation. When cavitation does not occur, the normal fluid flow over the body acts to close and keep closed the obstacle devices or plates so that they do not interfere with the normal fluid flow.
Abstract:
A valveless micropump includes a hollow pump chamber having a driving element coupled thereto, an inlet channel coupled to the hollow pump chamber, and an outlet channel coupled to the hollow pump chamber. The inlet channel, the hollow pump chamber, and the outlet channel define a fluid flow path through the inlet channel, the hollow pump chamber, and the outlet channel. At least one direction-sensitive element disposed in the flow path within one of the inlet and outlet channels and comprising a direction-sensitive element, is installed at an angle which produces a drag ratio greater than unity on fluid in the flow path. The driving element may comprise an electrostatic/piezoelectric member. Various embodiments of the valveless pump include one or more of the airfoil elements mounted in one, the other or both of the inlet and outlet channels, including embodiments in which one or more cascades of the airfoil elements are mounted in the inlet channel and the outlet channel.