Abstract:
Systems, apparatus and methods are provided for treating ballast water by chemical injection using an injector having a geometry that minimally obstructs the ballast water flow to accomplish homogeneous mixing of hypochlorite with the ballast water within a short distance. The injector is inexpensive and has a configuration that may be easily installed and maintained.
Abstract:
A system and process for de-halogenating ballast water before releasing the ballast water from the vessel. In one embodiment, the system comprises a means for measuring the halogen content of the ballast water, a reducing agent source in fluid communication with the ballast water, and a means for controlling the amount of reducing agent supplied to the ballast water. In one aspect, the means for measuring the halogen content comprises one or more oxidation/reduction potential analyzers. In another embodiment, the system comprises one or more hypochlorite electrolytic cells for generating hypochlorite to treat the ballast water. One embodiment of the process for de-halogenating ballast water comprises measuring the oxidation/reduction potential of the ballast water and adding one or more reducing agents to the ballast water to de-halogenate the ballast water in response to the measured oxidation/reduction potential. In one aspect, the oxidation/reduction potential is modulated so that excess reducing agent is present in the ballast water.
Abstract:
A ballast tank circulation system having inlet and outlet piping and means for adding one or more halogens in controlled amounts to the water within the ballast tank. One or more eductors are positioned within the ballast tank to mix and circulate water within the ballast tank. A recirculating pump is located externally to the ballast tank to ingest water from the ballast tank and discharge a stream of pressurized water. The recirculating pump receives water from the ballast tank through an inlet line that taps into the outlet piping from the ballast tank. An outlet line transport the pressurized water to the ballast tank. The eductor draws in the pressurized water entering the ballast tank and emits a high pressure jet of water that circulates within the ballast tank thereby circulating the chemical content of the ballast water. Test streams of water from the ballast tank can be analyzed to determine the level of at least one of halogens in the test stream to provide a halogen content signal. A controller receives the signal and compares the signal to a set point indicative of the level of halogen desired within the ballast tank to maintain, increase, or decrease the amount of chemical added to the water within the ballast tank in controlled amounts.
Abstract:
A ballast tank circulation system having inlet and outlet piping and means for adding one or more halogens in controlled amounts to the water within the ballast tank. One or more eductors are positioned within the ballast tank to mix and circulate water within the ballast tank. A recirculating pump is located externally to the ballast tank to ingest water from the ballast tank and discharge a stream of pressurized water. The recirculating pump receives water from the ballast tank through an inlet line that taps into the outlet piping from the ballast tank. An outlet line transport the pressurized water to the ballast tank. The eductor draws in the pressurized water entering the ballast tank and emits a high pressure jet of water that circulates within the ballast tank thereby circulating the chemical content of the ballast water. Test streams of water from the ballast tank can be analyzed to determine the level of at least one of halogens in the test stream to provide a halogen content signal. A controller receives the signal and compares the signal to a set point indicative of the level of halogen desired within the ballast tank to maintain, increase, or decrease the amount of chemical added to the water within the ballast tank in controlled amounts.
Abstract:
A system and process for de-halogenating ballast water before releasing the ballast water from the vessel. In one embodiment, the system comprises a means (150) for measuring the halogen content of the ballast water, a reducing agent source (210) in fluid communication with the ballast water, and a means (230) for controlling the amount of reducing agent supplied to the ballast water. In one aspect, the means for measuring the halogen content comprises one or more oxidation/reduction potential analyzers. In another embodiment, the system comprises one or more hypochlorite electrolytic cells (130) for generating hypochlorite to treat the ballast water. One embodiment of the process for de-halogenating ballast water comprises measuring the oxidation/reduction potential of the ballast water and adding one or more reducing agents to the ballast water to de-halogenate the ballast water in response to the measured oxidation/reduction potential. In one aspect, the oxidation/reduction potential is modulated so that excess reducing agent is present in the ballast water.
Abstract:
A system and process for treating ballast water within an ocean going vessel by generating hypochlorite for treating the ballast water. The system comprises one or more hypochlorite electrolytic cells in fluid communication with ballast water. The total organic carbon content of the ballast water is ascertained and the amount of hypochlorite generated is modulated in response to the total organic carbon content of the ballast water. In one embodiment the system comprises a total organic carbon analyzer for measuring total organic carbon content. In one embodiment of the process of the invention, hypochlorite production is modulated so that the residual halogen-containing oxidizing agent is maintained in the ballast water. In another embodiment of the process, hypochlorite production is modulated to maintain a weight ratio of hypochlorite to total organic carbon in the ballast water ranging from about 1.0 to about 3.0.
Abstract:
A system and method for treating ballast water within an ocean going vessel by generating hypochlorite for treating the ballast water. The system comprises one or more hypochlorite electrolytic cells in fluid communication with a stream of ballast water. A chlorine analyzer is positioned downstream from the electrolytic cells to determine the chlorine concentration of the treated ballast water. A hydrogen separator is connected to the hypochlorite electrolytic cells for venting hydrogen. In the method, water is taken aboard the ship for ballast in one port. A treatment stream is separated from the ballast water stream and piped to hypochlorite electrolytic cells. Hypochlorite is generated into the treatment stream and the hydrogen byproduct is separated by the hydrogen separator. The treatment stream is then reintroduced to the ballast water to eliminate marine species and pathogenic bacteria. The ballast water undergoes de-chlorination prior to being discharged into a new port.
Abstract:
A system and method for treating ballast water within an ocean going vessel by generating hypochlorite for treating the ballast water. The system comprises one or more hypochlorite electrolytic cells in fluid communication with a stream of ballast water. A chlorine analyzer is positioned downstream from the electrolytic cells to determine the chlorine concentration of the treated ballast water. A hydrogen separator is connected to the hypochlorite electrolytic cells for venting hydrogen. In the method, water is taken aboard the ship for ballast in one port. A treatment stream is separated from the ballast water stream and piped to hypochlorite electrolytic cells. Hypochlorite is generated into the treatment stream and the hydrogen byproduct is separated by the hydrogen separator. The treatment stream is then reintroduced to the ballast water to eliminate marine species and pathogenic bacteria. The ballast water undergoes de-chlorination prior to being discharged into a new port.
Abstract:
Methods and systems for treating wastewater. Wastewater slurry collected in a tank is routed by a macerator pump. The macerated slurry is piped to an electrolytic cell to oxidize and disinfect it. The slurry is then piped to an electrocoagulation cell. Suspended solid particles are flocculated in the electrocoagulation cell. The flocculated slurry is routed to a primary settling tank for separation of sludge and a substantially clarified supernatant. The supernatant is piped to a secondary clarifying tank to facilitate further separation of the sludge. The sludge is discharged to a sludge collection tank. The turbidity levels of the sludge discharged is continually monitored. When the turbidity level equals a pre-determined low value, the sludge discharge is stopped. The substantially clarified supernatant may be discharged as an effluent following dechlorination.