Abstract:
A forest fire retardant composition contains a retardant compound that includes a halide salt, a non-halide salt, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, or combinations thereof. The forest fire retardant composition may include at least one anhydrous salt and at least one hydrate salt. The halide salt may be magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, or both. The magnesium chloride hydrate has a formula MgCl 2 (H 2 O) x wherein x is at least one of x = 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, or 12. The calcium chloride hydrate has a formula CaCl 2 (H 2 O) x wherein x is at least one of 1, 2, 4, or 6. The composition may be in the form of a dry concentrate, a liquid concentrate, or a final diluted product. The final diluted product is effective in suppressing, retarding, and controlling forest fires while exhibiting corrosion resistance and low toxicity.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to nanofluids comprising nanomaterials, methods to prepare the nanofluids, and products prepared by the methods.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to battery separators comprising layers of non-woven, melt-blown polyolefin fibers, and methods of making and using the same.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to stencils for high-throughput, high-resolution etching of substrates and processes of making and using the same.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to anti-reflective coatings comprising ordered layers of nanowires, methods to prepare the coatings, and products prepared by the methods.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to methods for patterning substrates using elastomeric stencils having removable backings and methods of preparing the stencils.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to stencils for high-throughput, high-resolution etching of substrates and processes of making and using the same.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to heterogeneous stamp and stencil compositions methods for patterning substrates using contact printing processes employing the heterogeneous stamps and stencils, and products formed by the contact printing processes.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to anti-reflective coatings comprising ordered layers of nanowires, methods to prepare the coatings, and products prepared by the methods.
Abstract:
A forest fire retardant composition is substantially free of ammonium and includes an organophosphate derived from (i) a phosphorylation agent and (ii) an organic molecule comprising at least two hydroxyl groups. The organophosphate may contain at least one phosphate ester bonded to an organic molecule, wherein the organic molecule comprises at least one monomer unit of about 2 to 40 carbon atoms. Preferably, at least 90% of the functional groups of the organophosphate is a phosphate ester group. The composition may also include a salt, including magnesium salt and/or calcium salt. The anion in the salt may be hydroxide, carbonate or phosphate. The salt may be an anhydrous salt, a salt hydrate, or a combination of both. The composition is effective in suppressing, retarding, and controlling forest fires while exhibiting corrosion resistance and low toxicity.