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公开(公告)号：WO2005070000A3
公开(公告)日：2007-07-12
申请号：PCT/US2005002231
申请日：2005-01-22
Applicant: OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY RES FO
Inventor： ASARI VIJAYAN K , SEOW MING-JUNG
CPC classification number: G06T5/008 , G06T5/20 , G06T2207/10024 , H04N1/6027
Abstract: A method of characterizing and enhancing the pixels in an image, which is captured at all lighting conditions. The method enable dynamically enhancement of images captured at extremely low lighting conditions. Each pixel of the image, represented by I SUB (x, y) where x is the horizontal axis coordinate value and y is the vertical axis coordinate value, contains three color-components. Each pixel is characterized by defining a relationship between the three color-components of that pixel in its initial state. A nonlinear expansion function, which adaptively adjusts the expansion rate with respect to the statistical property of the original image, is used for enhancing the brightness of the image so that the poorly lighted pixels are enhanced in intensity more as compared to the amount of enhancement for the brighter pixels. The color property of each pixel in the enhanced image is then restored using the characteristic features previously defined by the relationship of the color components. This procedure provides an enhanced image, which is natural in its appearance and has sharp visibility to human observation. In addition, this new technique is fast enough to provide a real time enhancement of images from a video stream.
Abstract translation: 一种表征和增强在所有照明条件下捕获的图像中的像素的方法。 该方法能够在极低的照明条件下动态地增强拍摄的图像。 由I SUB（x，y）表示的图像的每个像素，其中x是水平轴坐标值，y是垂直轴坐标值，包含三个颜色分量。 每个像素的特征在于在其初始状态中定义该像素的三个颜色分量之间的关系。 使用相对于原始图像的统计特性来自适应地调节扩展率的非线性扩展函数来增强图像的亮度，使得不良点亮的像素的强度比增强的量增加更多 更亮的像素 然后使用先前由颜色分量的关系定义的特征特征来恢复增强图像中的每个像素的颜色特性。 该过程提供了增强的图像，其外观是自然的，并且对人类观察具有清晰的可见性。 此外，这种新技术足够快以提供来自视频流的图像的实时增强。
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公开(公告)号：WO2008052171A3
公开(公告)日：2008-08-28
申请号：PCT/US2007082697
申请日：2007-10-26
Applicant: OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY RES FO , SCHOENBACH KARL H , HEEREN TAMMO
Inventor： SCHOENBACH KARL H , HEEREN TAMMO
IPC: A61N1/04
Abstract: An intracellular electro-manipulation apparatus for delivery an electric field pulse to a target of one or more biological cells is provided. The apparatus includes a pulse generator that generates an ultrashort electric field pulse, and a pulse delivery system that directs the ultrashort electric field pulse to the target. The apparatus can include a reflected-signal impeder connected between the pulse generator and the pulse delivery system to impede reflection of a signal to the pulse generator when impedance mismatching between the pulse delivery system and pulse generator occurs. Alternatively, or additionally, the apparatus can include a current limiter connected between the pulse generator and the pulse delivery system to limit current between the pulse generator and the pulse delivery system when a high- conductivity condition occurs in the target.
Abstract translation: 提供了用于将电场脉冲递送至一个或多个生物细胞的目标的细胞内电操纵装置。 该设备包括产生超短电场脉冲的脉冲发生器和将超短电场脉冲引导到目标的脉冲输送系统。 该装置可以包括连接在脉冲发生器和脉冲输送系统之间的反射信号阻抗器，以在脉冲输送系统和脉冲发生器之间发生阻抗失配时阻止信号反射到脉冲发生器。 可替代地或附加地，该设备可以包括连接在脉冲发生器和脉冲输送系统之间的限流器，以在目标中出现高电导率条件时限制脉冲发生器和脉冲输送系统之间的电流。
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公开(公告)号：WO0140771A9
公开(公告)日：2002-05-23
申请号：PCT/US0032483
申请日：2000-11-29
Applicant: APS TECHNOLOGY INC , OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY RES FO
CPC classification number: G01N21/274 , E21B47/102 , G01N21/31 , G01N21/64 , G01N21/8507 , G01N33/2823 , G01N2201/084
Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the concentration of a constituent in a fluid by directing a beam of light into the fluid and sensing the intensity of components of the light emerging from the fluid at various wavelengths. The light emerging from the fluid can be light that has been attenuated by absorption or induced by fluorescent radiation. The effect of scattering on the light is minimized by normalizing the component intensities, which are then applied to an algorithm incorporating weighting factors that weighs the influence that the intensity at each wavelength has on the determination of the concentration of the constituent for which the algorithm was developed. The algorithm is developed by a regression analysis based upon a plurality of known mixtures containing various concentrations of the constituent of interest.
Abstract translation: 一种用于通过将光束引导到流体中并且感测从各种波长的流体出射的光的分量的强度来确定流体中组分浓度的方法和装置。 从流体出射的光可以是通过吸收衰减或由荧光辐射诱导的光。 散射对光的影响通过归一化成分强度来最小化，然后将其应用于包含加权因子的算法，该加权因子重量每个波长的强度对确定算法的成分的浓度的影响 发达。 该算法通过基于包含各种浓度的感兴趣成分的多种已知混合物的回归分析来开发。
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公开(公告)号：WO0110319A8
公开(公告)日：2001-06-14
申请号：PCT/US0021197
申请日：2000-08-02
Applicant: EASTERN VIRGINIA MED SCHOOL , OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY RES FO , BEEBE STEPHEN J , SCHOENBACH KARL H , BUESCHER E STEPHEN
Inventor： BEEBE STEPHEN J , SCHOENBACH KARL H , BUESCHER E STEPHEN
CPC classification number: A61B18/1206
Abstract: A method for intracellular electro-manipulation is provided. The method includes applying one or more ultrashort electric field pulse to target cells. The ultrashort electric field pulses have sufficient amplitude and duration to modify subcellular structures in the target cells and do not exceed the breakdown field of the medium containing the target cells. The amplitude and duration of the ultrashort electric field pulse are typically insufficient to substantially alter permeability of the surface membranes of the target cells, e.g., by irreversibly disrupting the cell surface membranes. An apparatus for intracellular electro-manipulation is also provided. The apparatus includes a pulse generator capable of producing an ultrashort electric pulse output and a delivery system capable of directing the electric pulse output to target cells.
Abstract translation: 提供了细胞内电操作的方法。 该方法包括向靶细胞施加一个或多个超短电场脉冲。 超短电场脉冲具有足够的振幅和持续时间来修改靶细胞中的亚细胞结构，并且不超过含有靶细胞的培养基的击穿场。 超短电场脉冲的振幅和持续时间通常不足以基本上改变目标细胞的表面膜的渗透性，例如通过不可逆地破坏细胞表面膜。 还提供了用于细胞内电操作的装置。 该装置包括能够产生超短电脉冲输出的脉冲发生器和能够将电脉冲输出引导到靶细胞的输送系统。
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公开(公告)号：WO2006110127A3
公开(公告)日：2007-10-25
申请号：PCT/US2005002589
申请日：2005-01-25
Applicant: OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY RES FO
Inventor： ASARI VIJAYAN K
IPC: G06K9/40
CPC classification number: G06T5/009 , G06T2207/10016 , G06T2207/20012 , H04N5/202 , H04N9/77
Abstract: A new image enhancement process based on an integrated neighborhood dependent nonlinear approach for color images captured in various environments such extremely low lighting (fig. 1 element 2. fog (fig. 1 element 3), or underwater (fig. 1 element 4). The new process is a combination of two independent processes: luminance enhancement and contrast enhancement. The luminance enhancement, also regarded as a process of dynamic range compression, is essentially an intensity transformation based on a specifically designed nonlinear transfer function, which can largely increase the luminance for dark regions of the image but only slightly change the luminance for the bright regions of the image. The contrast enhancement transforms each pixel's intensity based on the relationship between the pixel and its surrounding pixels. The output of the contrast enhancement is a power function of the luminance of the input image. The exponent of the power function is determined bv the information obtained in the original luminance image, which is the ratio between the result of neighborhood averaging and the luminance of the center pixel. After contrast enhancement, the luminance image is converted back to a color image through a linear color restoration process with color saturation and hue adjustment.
Abstract translation: 一种新的图像增强过程，基于对各种环境中拍摄的彩色图像的集成邻域依赖非线性方法，如极低的照明（图1元素2雾（图1元素3）或水下（图1元素4））。 新过程是两个独立过程的组合：亮度增强和对比度增强，亮度增强也被认为是动态范围压缩的过程，本质上是基于专门设计的非线性传递函数的强度变换，这可以大大增加 图像的暗区域的亮度，但仅稍微改变图像的亮区域的亮度，对比度增强基于像素与其周围像素之间的关系来变换每个像素的强度，对比度增强的输出是功率函数 输入图像的亮度，根据获得的信息确定功率函数的指数 在原始亮度图像中，其是邻域平均的结果与中心像素的亮度之间的比率。 对比度增强后，通过具有色彩饱和度和色相调整的线性色彩还原过程将亮度图像转换回彩色图像。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：WO0140771A2
公开(公告)日：2001-06-07
申请号：PCT/US0032483
申请日：2000-11-29
Applicant: APS TECHNOLOGY INC , OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY RES FO
CPC classification number: G01N21/274 , E21B47/102 , G01N21/31 , G01N21/64 , G01N21/8507 , G01N33/2823 , G01N2201/084
Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the concentration of a constituent in a fluid by directing a beam of light into the fluid and sensing the intensity of components of the light emerging from the fluid at various wavelengths. The light emerging from the fluid can be light that has been attenuated by absorption or induced by fluorescent radiation. The effect of scattering on the light is minimized by normalizing the component intensities, which are then applied to an algorithm incorporating weighting factors that weighs the influence that the intensity at each wavelength has on the determination of the concentration of the constituent for which the algorithm was developed. The algorithm is developed by a regression analysis based upon a plurality of known mixtures containing various concentrations of the constituent of interest.
Abstract translation: 一种用于通过将光束引导到流体中并且感测从各种波长的流体出射的光的分量的强度来确定流体中组分浓度的方法和装置。 从流体出射的光可以是通过吸收衰减或由荧光辐射诱导的光。 散射对光的影响通过归一化成分强度来最小化，然后将其应用于包含加权因子的算法，该加权因子重量每个波长的强度对确定算法的成分的浓度的影响 发达。 该算法通过基于包含各种浓度的感兴趣成分的多种已知混合物的回归分析来开发。
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公开(公告)号：ES2300272T3
公开(公告)日：2008-06-16
申请号：ES00955350
申请日：2000-08-02
Inventor： BEEBE STEPHEN J , SCHOENBACH KARL H , BUESCHER E STEPHEN
Abstract: Un aparato para destruir células diana que comprende: (i) un generador de pulso; (ii) un agrupamiento de electrodos, el agrupamiento de electrodos que comprende al menos un par de agujas capaces de ser insertadas en tejidos in vivo, conteniendo el tejido las células diana, y ser capaces de dirigir los pulsos eléctricos ultracortos a dichas células diana in vivo; y (iii) un sistema de distribución adaptado para comunicar uno o más pulsos eléctricos ultracortos desde el generador de pulsos al agrupamiento de electrodos, caracterizado en que el generador de pulsos está configurado para producir dicho uno o más pulsos eléctricos ultracortos que tienen una duración de pulso de no más de 1 microsegundo y una intensidad de campo eléctrico mayor de 10 kV/cm.
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公开(公告)号：DE60038026T2
公开(公告)日：2009-02-05
申请号：DE60038026
申请日：2000-08-02
Inventor： BEEBE STEPHEN J , SCHOENBACH KARL H , BUESCHER E STEPHEN
Abstract: A method for intracellular electro-manipulation is provided. The method includes applying at least one ultrashort electric field pulse to target cells. The ultrashort electric field pulse has sufficient amplitude and duration to modify subcellular structures in the target cells and does not exceed the breakdown field of the medium containing the target cells. The amplitude and duration of the ultrashort electric field pulse are typically insufficient to substantially alter permeability of the surface membranes of the target cells, e.g., by irreversibly disrupting the cell surface membranes. An apparatus for intracellular electro-manipulation is also provided. The apparatus includes a pulse generator capable of producing an ultrashort electric pulse output and a delivery system capable of directing the electric pulse output to target cells.
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公开(公告)号：DE60038026D1
公开(公告)日：2008-03-27
申请号：DE60038026
申请日：2000-08-02
Inventor： BEEBE STEPHEN J , SCHOENBACH KARL H , BUESCHER E STEPHEN
Abstract: A method for intracellular electro-manipulation is provided. The method includes applying at least one ultrashort electric field pulse to target cells. The ultrashort electric field pulse has sufficient amplitude and duration to modify subcellular structures in the target cells and does not exceed the breakdown field of the medium containing the target cells. The amplitude and duration of the ultrashort electric field pulse are typically insufficient to substantially alter permeability of the surface membranes of the target cells, e.g., by irreversibly disrupting the cell surface membranes. An apparatus for intracellular electro-manipulation is also provided. The apparatus includes a pulse generator capable of producing an ultrashort electric pulse output and a delivery system capable of directing the electric pulse output to target cells.
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公开(公告)号：AU1932601A
公开(公告)日：2001-06-12
申请号：AU1932601
申请日：2000-11-29
Applicant: APS TECHNOLOGY INC , OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY RES FO
Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the concentration of a constituent in a fluid by directing a beam of light into the fluid and sensing the intensity of components of the light emerging from the fluid at various wavelengths. The light emerging from the fluid can be light that has been attenuated by absorption or induced by fluorescent radiation. The effect of scattering on the light is minimized by normalizing the component intensities, which are then applied to an algorithm incorporating weighting factors that weighs the influence that the intensity at each wavelength has on the determination of the concentration of the constituent for which the algorithm was developed. The algorithm is developed by a regression analysis based upon a plurality of known mixtures containing various concentrations of the constituent of interest.
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