Abstract:
Paper, board and cardboard are produced from paper stocks containing foreign sub- stances by drainage in the presence of a polymer which contains, as typical polymerized constituents, units of the formulae where R1 and R2 are each H, C1-C3-alkyl, and which have K values of not less than 130, the polymers containing less than 10 mol % of units of the formula II.
Abstract:
Paper, board and cardboard are produced by draining a paper stock, containing un- desirable substances, in the presence of hydrolyzed homo- and/or copolymers of N-vinylformamide having a degree of hydrolysis of not less than 60% and a cationic retention aid. According to the invention, faster drainage and improved retention are obtained compared with the use of known fixing agents.
Abstract:
Paper, board and cardboard are produced from paper stocks containing foreign sub- stances by drainage in the presence of a polymer which contains, as typical polymerized constituents, units of the formulae where R1 and R2 are each H, C1-C3-alkyl, and which have K values of not less than 130, the polymers containing less than 10 mol % of units of the formula II.
Abstract:
Paper, board and cardboard are produced by draining a paper stock, containing un- desirable substances, in the presence of hydrolyzed homo- and/or copolymers of N-vinylformamide having a degree of hydrolysis of not less than 60% and a cationic retention aid. According to the invention, faster drainage and improved retention are obtained compared with the use of known fixing agents.
Abstract:
According to a paper, paperboard and cardboard internal sizing process, resin size is used, as well as cationic polymers containing polymerized vinylamine units as fixing agents for the resin size.
Abstract:
The use of aqueous dispersions or water-dispersible polyamides obtainable by the condensation of (a) 40 to 94.8 mol % of a monoaminocarboxylic acid with 2 to 12 C atoms or its lactam, (b) 2.6 to 37 mol % of a diamine with 2 to 18 C atoms, (c) 2.6 to 7 mol % of a dicarboxylic acid substituted with sulphonate groups and (d) 0 to 30 mol % of a dicarboxylic acid with 2 to 16 C atoms differing from (c), and dispersing the condensates in an aqueous medium, as sizes for warp yarns.
Abstract:
Described is a method of dyeing paper during the paper-manufacturing process by the addition of water-soluble anionic dyes and cationic polymers containing vinylamine units as fixing agents to the pulp and removing the water from the pulp to form dyed paper.
Abstract:
Cationic urea formaldehyde resins are obtained by condensation of urea and formaldehyde in a molar ratio of 1:1.5 to 3 in the presence of at least 1 mol% of polymerizates, obtained by polymerization of vinyl amine units, with Fikentscher K values of 5 to 300 in a quantity of 5 to 100 g/mol of urea in the end-product. The mixture is first a) precondensed at a pH of 8 to 14, then acidified and b) condensed at a pH of 1 to 5 until the onset of gel formation, c) 0.3 to 1.5 mol of formaldehyde per mol of urea used is added, d) subsequent condensation is carried out and e) the resin solution is then neutralized. The resins so obtained are used as additives in paper manufacture to increase the dry and wet strength of paper and reduce the loss of opacity of the whiteness of the paper.