Abstract:
Methods and systems for separating and purifying monatin are described. In the production of monatin, a mixture is formed which includes monatin, starting materials and intermediates. The methods and systems include a membrane having a zeta potential of from about -19 to -6 such that the membrane rejects greater than about 90 % of the monatin. In some embodiments, the membrane is a nanofiltration membrane.
Abstract:
The invention provides for aminotransferase and oxidoreductase polypeptides and nucleic acids encoding such polypeptides. Also provided are methods of using such aminotransferase and oxidoreductase nucleic acids and polypeptides.
Abstract:
Methods and systems for increasing the production of equilibrium reactions are described. In some embodiments, a method comprises removing enzymes from a reaction mixture once equilibrium is achieved, selectively re-adding enzymes and reactants for driving the product-forming reaction to product, and optionally recycling stabilized intermediates, by-products and/or co-products back into the reaction mixture. In some embodiments, a method comprises purifying the desired product from a reaction mixture and selectively recycling one or more components of the reaction mixture, such as original reactants, intermediates, co-products or by-products back into the reaction mixture as desired to improve titer. Systems for implementing the methods are also provided. In some embodiments the methods and systems are implemented for increasing the production of monatin and monatin derivatives, produced in multi-step equilibrium pathways.
Abstract:
This invention relates to polypeptides having aldolase activity, including pyruvate activity such as, without limitation, HMG and/or KHG aldolase activity, polynucleotides encoding these polypeptides, and methods of making and using these polynucleotides and polypeptides. In some embodiments, the invention is directed to polypeptides having aldolase activity, including pyruvate activity such as, without limitation, HMG and/or KHG aldolase activity, including thermostable and thermotolerant activity, and polynucleotides encoding these enzymes, and making and using these polynucleotides and polypeptides. The polypeptides in accordance with the invention can be used in a variety of pharmaceutical, agricultural and industrial contexts. In some embodiments, the invention provides polypeptides and biosynthetic pathways that are useful in the production of R-2-hydroxy 2-(indol-3ylmethyl)-4-keto glutaric acid (R-MP) and certain stereoisomers of monatin, such as R,R and S,R monatin, and salts thereof, as well as certain stereoisomers of monatin derivatives, such as the R3R and S5R configurations, and salts thereof.
Abstract:
Methods and systems for increasing the production of monatin in a multi-step equilibrium pathway are described. Tryptophan and pyruvate are added to a bioreactor to form a mixture comprising monatin and a plurality of intermediates via a multi-step equilibrium pathway. The methods and systems include operating the bioreactor such that a temperature of the mixture in the bioreactor is less than 25 degrees Celsius, resulting in an increased production of monatin. In some embodiments, the temperature of the mixture in the bioreactor is between about 5 degrees Celsius and about 23 degrees Celsius; in other embodiments, the temperature is between about 10 degrees Celsius and about 18 degrees Celsius.
Abstract:
Monatin and certain stereoisomers of monatin, such as R,R monatin and S,R monatin, as well as salts thereof, are produced using polypeptides and biosynthetic pathways. These polypeptides and biosynthetic pathways are also useful in the production of R-2-hydroxy-2-(indoly-3-ylmethyl)-4-keto glutaric acid, an intermediate that is formed in certain monatin synthesis pathways, including some biosynthetic pathways.
Abstract:
Methods and systems for increasing the yield and/or throughput of a product produced in a multi-step equilibrium pathway are described. Product yield and/or throughput is increased through supersaturation of a solubility-limited substrate. Supersaturation may be achieved, in some embodiments, through membrane dewatering. In some embodiments, the product is monatin and the substrate is tryptophan.
Abstract:
Methods and systems for increasing the yield and/or throughput of a product produced in a multi-step equilibrium pathway are described. Product yield and/or throughput is increased through supersaturation of a solubility-limited substrate. Supersaturation may be achieved, in some embodiments, through membrane dewatering. In some embodiments, the product is monatin and the substrate is tryptophan.