Abstract:
A process is described for isolating tetrahydrofuran from mixtures containing tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-butanediol, ~-butyrolactone and succinic acid esters, in which the mixtures are heated to from 150 to 250.degree.C in the presence of phyllosilicates, the resultant tetrahydrofuran and water of reaction are removed from the reaction mixture by distillation, and the tetrahydrofuran is separated from the distillate.
Abstract:
A process for the preparation of 1,4-butanediol by catalytically hydrogenating maleic anhydride in the presence of an alcohol, at elevated temperature and elevated pressure and with the aid of a cobalt-containing catalyst comprises partially hydro- genating the reaction mixture in a first hydrogenation step at from 100 to 200.degree.C and at from 30 to 200 bar and subsequently post-hydrogenating the product of this first hydrogenation step, without further work-up at higher temperature and pressure than in the first hydrogenation step, in a second hydrogenation step at from 200 to 300.degree.C and at from 200 to 350 bar.
Abstract:
A process for the preparation of 1,4-butanediol by catalytically hydrogenating maleic anhydride in the presence of an alcohol, at elevated temperature and elevated pressure and with the aid of a cobalt-containing catalyst comprises partially hydro- genating the reaction mixture in a first hydrogenation step at from 100 to 200.degree.C and at from 30 to 200 bar and subsequently post-hydrogenating the product of this first hydrogenation step, without further work-up at higher temperature and pressure than in the first hydrogenation step, in a second hydrogenation step at from 200 to 300.degree.C and at from 200 to 350 bar.
Abstract:
A process is described for isolating tetrahydrofuran from mixtures containing tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-butanediol, ~-butyrolactone and succinic acid esters, in which the mixtures are heated to from 150 to 250.degree.C in the presence of phyllosilicates, the resultant tetrahydrofuran and water of reaction are removed from the reaction mixture by distillation, and the tetrahydrofuran is separated from the distillate.
Abstract:
Verfahren zur Regenerierung eines Ruthenium-haltigen geträgerten Hydrierkatalysators, wobei der Katalysator mit Wasserdampf behandelt und danach getrocknet wird. Integriertes Verfahren zur Hydrierung von Benzol zu Cyclohexan in Gegenwart eines Ruthenium-haltigen geträgerten Katalysators, umfassend neben dem Hydrierschritt die Katalysator-Regenerierungsschritte.
Abstract:
Die Durchführung von heterogenkatalytischen Reaktionen in einem Wanderbettreaktor, in dem in den Begrenzungswänden des Katalysatorbetts Expansionsvolumina für den Katalysator eingerichtet sind, was in einfacher Weise durch mindestens zwei gestaffelte kegel- oder vieleckstumpfförmige Wände erreicht wird, verringert den Katalysatorabrieb und vermeidet Schäden an den Katalysatorkörben.
Abstract:
A process is described for isolating tetrahydrofuran from mixtures containing tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-butanediol, -butyrolactone and succinic acid esters, in which the mixtures are heated to from 150.degree. to 250.degree. C. in the presence of phyllosilicates, the resultant tetrahydrofuran and water of reaction are removed from the reaction mixture by distillation, and the tetrahydrofuran is separated from the distillate.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a device (100) for preparing a substance stream (1.1) containing hydrogen and methane, comprising the following components: (i) at least one heat exchanger (KS1) for cooling a substance stream (1.1) to be prepared; (ii) at least one separating unit (A, A1, A2, A2') for purifying the substance stream (3) to be prepared into a hydrogen and methane-rich substance stream (5); (iii) at least one cooling unit (KS2) for cooling the hydrogen and methane-rich substance stream (5); and (iv) at least one cryogenic gas separating unit (KS3) for separating the hydrogen and methane-rich substance stream (6) into at least one hydrogen-rich substance stream (7) and at least one methane-rich substance stream (8, 9). The invention further relates to a method for preparing a substance stream.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for regenerating a supported hydrogenation catalyst containing ruthenium, wherein the catalyst is treated with steam and subsequently dried. The invention further relates to an integrated method for hydrogenating benzene to form cyclohexane in the presence of a supported catalyst containing ruthenium, comprising the catalyst regeneration steps in addition to the hydrogenation step.
Abstract:
Vorgeschlagen wird ein Verfahren zur Auftrennung eines C 4 -Schnittes (2) durch Extraktivdestillation mit einem selektiven Lösungsmittel (1) durch Gegenstromführung des C 4 -Schnittes (2) und des selektiven Lösungsmittels (1) in flüssiger Phase in einer Destillationseinheit (K I, K II), unter Abtrennung eines Kopfstromes (3), enthaltend die Butane und die Butene aus dem C 4 -Schnitt sowie eines Sumpfstromes (6), enthaltend das selektive Lösungsmittel und die übrigen Komponenten des C 4 -Schnittes, außer den Butanen und den Butenen, aus dem in einem weiteren Verfahrensschritt das selektive Lösungsmittel ausgegast wird, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass zwischen der Abzugsstelle für den Kopfstrom (3) und der Abzugsstelle für den Sumpfstrom (6) Energie aus der Destillationseinheit (K I, K II) abgezogen wird.